NATIONAL BOARD CERTIFICATION EXAM UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Onset - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The portion of a spoken word or syllable that precedes the first vowel.
Rime - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The vowel and what comes after it in a spoken word or syllable.
Phoneme - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The smallest unit of sound which distinguishes between the
meanings of words. Can VS. Cane both have 3 phonemes but long and short a change meaning.
Phonology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The study of the unconscious rules governing the production of
speech sounds.
Phonetics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The study of the way in which speech sounds are articulated (I.e.
What parts of the mouth are used in what way to produce particular sounds).
Phonics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The system by which the sounds in spoken language are represented
by the letters (or other symbols) in printed language.
Phonological Awareness - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The ability to reflect on and manipulate the
components sounds of spoken words (e.g., syllables, onsets and rimes, and phonemes).
Phonemic Awareness - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A particular type of phonological awareness: the ability to
reflect on and manipulate the phonemes in spoken words. Phonemic awareness is the most important
type of phonological awareness relative to reading and writing.
Continuation Sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The sound can be articulated over a protracted period of
time without distortion. /sssss/, /rrrrrrr/, /ffffff/.
Stop-Consonant Sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Sounds that cannot be stretched without distortion
because their production requires that the airflow be briefly stopped during articulation. b, d, g, and t.
ANSWERS
Onset - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The portion of a spoken word or syllable that precedes the first vowel.
Rime - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The vowel and what comes after it in a spoken word or syllable.
Phoneme - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The smallest unit of sound which distinguishes between the
meanings of words. Can VS. Cane both have 3 phonemes but long and short a change meaning.
Phonology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The study of the unconscious rules governing the production of
speech sounds.
Phonetics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The study of the way in which speech sounds are articulated (I.e.
What parts of the mouth are used in what way to produce particular sounds).
Phonics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The system by which the sounds in spoken language are represented
by the letters (or other symbols) in printed language.
Phonological Awareness - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The ability to reflect on and manipulate the
components sounds of spoken words (e.g., syllables, onsets and rimes, and phonemes).
Phonemic Awareness - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A particular type of phonological awareness: the ability to
reflect on and manipulate the phonemes in spoken words. Phonemic awareness is the most important
type of phonological awareness relative to reading and writing.
Continuation Sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The sound can be articulated over a protracted period of
time without distortion. /sssss/, /rrrrrrr/, /ffffff/.
Stop-Consonant Sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Sounds that cannot be stretched without distortion
because their production requires that the airflow be briefly stopped during articulation. b, d, g, and t.
