BIO 316 CHAPTER 6 EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS |
LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
1. Binding of RNA polymerase core to the DNA promoter
2. Formation of transcription bubble
3. Initiation
4. Elongation
5. Termination and recycling - ANS 5 basic steps of Bacterial RNA synthesis
initiation - ANS Steps of bacterial RNA synthesis:
-RNA polymerase binds to DNA and finds its start to sequence
sigma protein - ANS a __________ protein must be present in the iniation step of bacterial
RNA synthesis:
elongation - ANS Steps of bacterial RNA synthesis:
-RNA polymerase reads the DNA (only one strand is read)
termination - ANS Steps of bacterial RNA synthesis:
-uracil is added to RNA
-the polymerase halts and releases both the new RNA chain and DNA template
1 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, mature RNA strand that makes proteins - ANS product of RNA synthesis
coding strand - ANS non-template or sense
template strand - ANS complementary to the coding strand and can be transcribed to
produce a piece of RNA with an identical nucleotide sequence to the coding strand (antisense)
5' flanking region - ANS the region upstream of the transcription start site
upstream 5' flanking region - ANS this region contains the promoter and other cis-acting
transcription regulatory sequence elements
downstream or 3' flanking region - ANS The region of DNA which borders the 3' end of a
transcription unit and where a variety of regulatory sequences are located.
promoter - ANS A___________ is a cis-acting transcription regulatory element that initiates
the transcription of a gene.
downstream - ANS positive numbers denote ______________ nucleotides from the
transcriptional site start (TSS)
upstream - ANS negative numbers denote _________________ regions from the
transcriptional start site
upstream 5' - ANS RNA polymerase binds to the DNA _____________ of the gene at
specialized sequences called a promoter
binds the polymerase and points it in one direction - ANS the promoter _____________ the
polymerase and ________________. This defines the starting point at which strand will be
copied.
2 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS |
LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
1. Binding of RNA polymerase core to the DNA promoter
2. Formation of transcription bubble
3. Initiation
4. Elongation
5. Termination and recycling - ANS 5 basic steps of Bacterial RNA synthesis
initiation - ANS Steps of bacterial RNA synthesis:
-RNA polymerase binds to DNA and finds its start to sequence
sigma protein - ANS a __________ protein must be present in the iniation step of bacterial
RNA synthesis:
elongation - ANS Steps of bacterial RNA synthesis:
-RNA polymerase reads the DNA (only one strand is read)
termination - ANS Steps of bacterial RNA synthesis:
-uracil is added to RNA
-the polymerase halts and releases both the new RNA chain and DNA template
1 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, mature RNA strand that makes proteins - ANS product of RNA synthesis
coding strand - ANS non-template or sense
template strand - ANS complementary to the coding strand and can be transcribed to
produce a piece of RNA with an identical nucleotide sequence to the coding strand (antisense)
5' flanking region - ANS the region upstream of the transcription start site
upstream 5' flanking region - ANS this region contains the promoter and other cis-acting
transcription regulatory sequence elements
downstream or 3' flanking region - ANS The region of DNA which borders the 3' end of a
transcription unit and where a variety of regulatory sequences are located.
promoter - ANS A___________ is a cis-acting transcription regulatory element that initiates
the transcription of a gene.
downstream - ANS positive numbers denote ______________ nucleotides from the
transcriptional site start (TSS)
upstream - ANS negative numbers denote _________________ regions from the
transcriptional start site
upstream 5' - ANS RNA polymerase binds to the DNA _____________ of the gene at
specialized sequences called a promoter
binds the polymerase and points it in one direction - ANS the promoter _____________ the
polymerase and ________________. This defines the starting point at which strand will be
copied.
2 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
