Pathophysiology Chapter 1 Practice Questions |
Concepts of Health & Disease
When considering the clinical course, a disease that is characterized by remissions and
exacerbations is considered to be:
- preclinical
- subclinical
- acute
- chronic correct answers chronic
An infant has a difficult time passing through the birth canal and the physician uses
forceps to deliver the child. In the process, the facial nerve was damaged, resulting in a
facial droop. Which condition does the nurse recognize this to be?
- Morphologic change
- Pathogenesis
- Acquired defect
- Congenital condition correct answers Acquired defect
The Framingham cohort study examined characteristics of people who would later
develop which disease?
- COPD
- coronary disease
- lung cancer
- seizures correct answers coronary disease
Pathogenesis is the term used to describe the sequence of cellular and tissue events
that occur from the time of first contact with an etiologic agent until the disease
becomes evident. What is another way of defining pathogenesis?
- What sets the disease process in motion
- How the disease process evolves
- Multiple factors that predispose a person to a particular disease
- The causes of disease correct answers how the disease process evolves
When the nurse is assisting with the diagnostic process for a client with an illness, what
is a priority when compiling all of the data to have an accurate diagnosis? Select all that
apply.
- Financial information
- A careful history
- Social data
- Diagnostic tests
- Detailed Physical examination correct answers a careful history, diagnostoc tests, and
a detailed physical examination
, A disease agent can affect more than one organ of the body, and more than one
disease agent can affect the same organ of the body. Which term best describes this
aspect of disease etiology?
- Singular cause
- Complicated and hard to diagnose
- Multifactorial in origin
- Simple and less complex to diagnose correct answers multifactorial in origin
The parents of a child with spina bifida ask what caused the condition. Which factor
would the nurse identify as the most likely etiologic factor in the child's history?
- Insufficient maternal folic acid intake
- Birth trauma during delivery
- Neonatal infection
- Domestic violence correct answers insufficient maternal folic acid intake
In 2014, an outbreak of Ebola virus disease began in West Africa in which there was a
sharp increase in the number of people being diagnosed with this disease. At the same
time, a very high proportion of those who were diagnosed died from the disease. The
epidemiologic characteristics of this disease include:
- high prevalence and increased incidence.
- increased incidence and high mortality.
- increased morbidity and high prevalence.
- high morbidity and mortality. correct answers increased incidence and high mortality
A school nurse compares the number of cases of measles in one elementary classroom
to the number of students in the school. Which term describes this type of comparison?
- Prevalence
- Risk analysis
- Morbidity
- Primary prevention correct answers prevalence
Which science is called on to study the risk factors in multifactorial diseases?
- Morphology
- Histology
- Epidemiology
- Scientology correct answers epidemiology
A client delivers a child via vaginal birth after having an uneventful prenatal course.
After the infant is born, the nurse discovers an extra digit. The client states that she had
the same thing when she was born. What does the nurse recognize that this defect is
considered?
- Acquired defect
- Congenital condition
- An acute defect
- A chronic defect correct answers congenital condition
Concepts of Health & Disease
When considering the clinical course, a disease that is characterized by remissions and
exacerbations is considered to be:
- preclinical
- subclinical
- acute
- chronic correct answers chronic
An infant has a difficult time passing through the birth canal and the physician uses
forceps to deliver the child. In the process, the facial nerve was damaged, resulting in a
facial droop. Which condition does the nurse recognize this to be?
- Morphologic change
- Pathogenesis
- Acquired defect
- Congenital condition correct answers Acquired defect
The Framingham cohort study examined characteristics of people who would later
develop which disease?
- COPD
- coronary disease
- lung cancer
- seizures correct answers coronary disease
Pathogenesis is the term used to describe the sequence of cellular and tissue events
that occur from the time of first contact with an etiologic agent until the disease
becomes evident. What is another way of defining pathogenesis?
- What sets the disease process in motion
- How the disease process evolves
- Multiple factors that predispose a person to a particular disease
- The causes of disease correct answers how the disease process evolves
When the nurse is assisting with the diagnostic process for a client with an illness, what
is a priority when compiling all of the data to have an accurate diagnosis? Select all that
apply.
- Financial information
- A careful history
- Social data
- Diagnostic tests
- Detailed Physical examination correct answers a careful history, diagnostoc tests, and
a detailed physical examination
, A disease agent can affect more than one organ of the body, and more than one
disease agent can affect the same organ of the body. Which term best describes this
aspect of disease etiology?
- Singular cause
- Complicated and hard to diagnose
- Multifactorial in origin
- Simple and less complex to diagnose correct answers multifactorial in origin
The parents of a child with spina bifida ask what caused the condition. Which factor
would the nurse identify as the most likely etiologic factor in the child's history?
- Insufficient maternal folic acid intake
- Birth trauma during delivery
- Neonatal infection
- Domestic violence correct answers insufficient maternal folic acid intake
In 2014, an outbreak of Ebola virus disease began in West Africa in which there was a
sharp increase in the number of people being diagnosed with this disease. At the same
time, a very high proportion of those who were diagnosed died from the disease. The
epidemiologic characteristics of this disease include:
- high prevalence and increased incidence.
- increased incidence and high mortality.
- increased morbidity and high prevalence.
- high morbidity and mortality. correct answers increased incidence and high mortality
A school nurse compares the number of cases of measles in one elementary classroom
to the number of students in the school. Which term describes this type of comparison?
- Prevalence
- Risk analysis
- Morbidity
- Primary prevention correct answers prevalence
Which science is called on to study the risk factors in multifactorial diseases?
- Morphology
- Histology
- Epidemiology
- Scientology correct answers epidemiology
A client delivers a child via vaginal birth after having an uneventful prenatal course.
After the infant is born, the nurse discovers an extra digit. The client states that she had
the same thing when she was born. What does the nurse recognize that this defect is
considered?
- Acquired defect
- Congenital condition
- An acute defect
- A chronic defect correct answers congenital condition
