Chapter 28: Infection Prevention and Control
ra ra ra ra ra ra
MULTIPLE CHOICE ra
1. The nursing attendant and a new nursing attendant in orientation are caring for a hospit
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
al client with pneumonia. Which statement by the new nursing attendant will indicate a
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
correct understanding of this condition?
ra ra ra ra ra
a. ―An infectious disease like pneumonia may not pose a risk to others.‖
ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra
b. ―We need to isolate the hospital client in a private negative-pressure room.‖
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra
c. ―Clinical signs and symptoms are not present in pneumonia.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. ―The hospital client will not be able to return home.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ra
ANSWER:-A
Infections are infectious and/or communicable. Infectious diseases may not pose a risk for tra
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
nsmission to others, although they are serious for the hospital client . Pneumonia is not a com
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
municable disease— ra
a disease that is transmitted directly from one individual to the next, so there is no need for is
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
olation. A private negative– ra ra ra
air pressure room is used for tuberculosis, not pneumonia. Clinical signs and symptoms are pr
ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
esent in pneumonia. Frequently, hospital client s with pneumonia do return home unless ther
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
e are extenuating circumstances.
ra ra ra
DIF:Analyze (analysis) ra
OBJ:Explain the relationship between the infection chain and transmission of infection.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
TOP:Evaluation MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra ra
2. The hospital client and the nursing attendant are discussing the vector transmitted Ricke
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ttsia rickettsii— ra
Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Which hospital client statement to the nursing attenda
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
n t indicates understanding regarding the mode of transmission for this disease? a.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
―When camping, I will use sunscreen.‖ ra ra ra ra ra
b. ―When camping, I will drink bottled water.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. ―When camping, I will wear insect repellent.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. ―When camping, I will wash my hands with hand gel.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-C ra
Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by bacteria transmitted by the bite of ticks (vectors)
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
. Wearing a repellent that is designed for repelling ticks, mosquitoes, and other insects can help
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
in preventing transmission of this disease. Drinking plenty of uncontaminated water, wearin
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
g sunscreen, and using alcoholbased hand gels for cleaning hands are all important activities to p
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
articipate in while camping, ra ra ra ra
but they do not contribute to or prevent transmission of this disease.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Apply (application) ra
OBJ:Explain the relationship between the infection chain and transmission of infection.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
TOP:Evaluation MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra ra
,3. The nursing attendant is providing an educational session for a group of preschool worke
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
rs. The nursing attendant reminds the group about the most important thing to do to prev
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
ent the spread of infection. Which information did the nursing attendant share with the p
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
reschool workers? ra
a. Encourage preschool children to eat a nutritious diet. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
b. Suggest that parents provide a multivitamin to the children. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. Clean the toys every afternoon before putting them away. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. Wash their hands between each interaction with children. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-D ra
The single most important thing that individuals can do to prevent the spread of infection is to
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
wash their hands before and after eating, going to the bathroom, changing a diaper, and wipi
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ng a nose and between touching each individual child. It is important for preschool children t
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
o have a nutritious diet; a healthy individual can fight infection more effectively. A health care
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra r
provider, along with the parent, makes decisions about dietary supplements.
a ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
Cleaning the toys can decrease the number of pathogens but is not the most important thing to
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
do in this scenario.
ra ra ra
DIF:Apply (application) ra
OBJ:Select an intervention to prevent infection for each element of the infection chain.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
TOP:Teaching/Learning MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra ra
4. The nursing attendant is admitting a hospital client with an infectious disease process. Wh
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ic h question will be
ar ra ra
most appropriate for a nursing attendant to ask about the hospital client ’s susceptibility t
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
o this i nfectious process?
ra ar ra
a. ―Do you have a spouse?‖ ra ra ra ra
b. ―Do you have a chronic disease?‖ ra ra ra ra ra
c. ―Do you have any children living in the home?‖ ra ra ra ar ra ra ar ra
d. ―Do you have any religious beliefs that will influence your care?‖
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-B ra
Multiple factors influence a hospital client ’s susceptibility to infection. Hospital client s with
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis are also more susceptible to i
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
nfection because of general debilitation and nutritional impairment. Other factors include age,
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
nutritional status, trauma, and smoking. The other questions are part of an admission assessm
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ent process but are not pertinent to the infectious disease process.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Apply (application) ra
OBJ:Select an intervention to prevent infection for each element of the infection chain.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
TOP:Assessment MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra ra
5. The hospital client experienced a surgical procedure, and Betadine was utilized as the surgi
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
cal prep. Two days postoperatively, the nursing attendant ’s assessment indicates that the i
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ncision is red and has a small amount of purulent drainage. The hospital client reports tend
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
erness at the incision site. The hospital client ’s temperature is
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
and the WBC is 10,50 0/mm3. Which action should the nursing attendant take first? a.
ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
Plan to change the surgical dressing during the shift.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
b. Utilize SBAR to notify the primary health care provider. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. Reevaluate the temperature and white blood cell count in 4 hours. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. Check to see what solution was used for skin preparation in surgery.ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
, ACCURATE ANSWER:-B ra
The nursing assessment indicates signs and symptoms of infection, requiring the primary he
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
alth care provider to be notified of the hospital client ’s needs. SBAR—
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation— ra ra ra ra
can be utilized to organize thoughts and data and to provide a thorough explanation of the
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
hospital client ’s current status. The reevaluation of temperature is a good choice, but it will
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
take longer than 4 hours to make a change in the white blood cells. Changing the dressing m
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ay be a need during the shift but is not a first priority. Checking to see about the skin prepara
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
tion used 2 days ago may or may not be useful information at this time.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Analyze (analysis) ra
OBJ:Select an intervention to prevent infection for each element of the infection chain.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
TOP:Implementation MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra
6. The nursing attendant is providing an education session to an adult community group abou
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
t the effects of smoking on infection. Which information is most important for the nursing
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
attendant to include in the educational session? ra ra ra ra ra ra
a. Smoke from tobacco products clings to your clothing and hair. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
b. Smoking affects the cilia lining the upper airways in the lungs. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. Smoking can affect the color of the hospital client ’s fingernails. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. Smoking tobacco products can be very expensive. ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-B ra
A normal defense mechanism against infection in the respiratory tract is the cilia lining the up
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
per airways of the lungs and normal mucus. When a hospital client inhales a microbe, the cili
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
a and mucus trap the microbe and sweep them up and out to be expectorated or swallowed. S
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
moking may alter this defense mechanism and increase the hospital client ’s potential for infe
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ction. Smoking can be expensive, the smell does cling to hair and clothing, and the tar within
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
the smoke can alter the color of a hospital client ’s nails. This information can be included in t
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
he education but does not constitute the most important point.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ra
OBJ:Identify the normal defenses of the body against infection. TOP:Teaching/ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
Learning MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra ra
7. A female adult hospital client presents to the clinic with reports of a white discharge and i
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
tching in the vaginal area. A nursing attendant is taking a health history. Which question
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
is the priority?
ra ra
a. ―When was the last time you visited your primary health care provider?‖ ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra
b. ―Has this condition affected your eating habits in any way?‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
c. ―What medications are you currently taking?‖ ra ra ra ra ra
d. ―Are you able to sleep at night?‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-C ra
Antibiotics and oral contraceptives can disrupt normal flora in the vagina, causing an overg
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
rowth of Candida albicans in that area. It is important to ask the hospital client about current
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra
medications to obtain information that may assist with diagnosis. The body contains norma ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
l flora (microorganisms) that live on the surface of skin, saliva, oral mucosa, gastrointestinal
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
tract, and genitourinary tract. The normal flora of the vagina causes vaginal secretions to ac
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra
hieve a low pH, inhibiting the growth of many microorganisms. Visiting the primary health
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra
care provider is important for the hospital client ’s health maintenance but is not the priorit
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra
ra ra ra ra ra ra
MULTIPLE CHOICE ra
1. The nursing attendant and a new nursing attendant in orientation are caring for a hospit
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
al client with pneumonia. Which statement by the new nursing attendant will indicate a
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
correct understanding of this condition?
ra ra ra ra ra
a. ―An infectious disease like pneumonia may not pose a risk to others.‖
ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra
b. ―We need to isolate the hospital client in a private negative-pressure room.‖
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra
c. ―Clinical signs and symptoms are not present in pneumonia.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. ―The hospital client will not be able to return home.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ra
ANSWER:-A
Infections are infectious and/or communicable. Infectious diseases may not pose a risk for tra
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
nsmission to others, although they are serious for the hospital client . Pneumonia is not a com
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
municable disease— ra
a disease that is transmitted directly from one individual to the next, so there is no need for is
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
olation. A private negative– ra ra ra
air pressure room is used for tuberculosis, not pneumonia. Clinical signs and symptoms are pr
ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
esent in pneumonia. Frequently, hospital client s with pneumonia do return home unless ther
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
e are extenuating circumstances.
ra ra ra
DIF:Analyze (analysis) ra
OBJ:Explain the relationship between the infection chain and transmission of infection.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
TOP:Evaluation MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra ra
2. The hospital client and the nursing attendant are discussing the vector transmitted Ricke
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ttsia rickettsii— ra
Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Which hospital client statement to the nursing attenda
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
n t indicates understanding regarding the mode of transmission for this disease? a.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
―When camping, I will use sunscreen.‖ ra ra ra ra ra
b. ―When camping, I will drink bottled water.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. ―When camping, I will wear insect repellent.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. ―When camping, I will wash my hands with hand gel.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-C ra
Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by bacteria transmitted by the bite of ticks (vectors)
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
. Wearing a repellent that is designed for repelling ticks, mosquitoes, and other insects can help
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
in preventing transmission of this disease. Drinking plenty of uncontaminated water, wearin
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
g sunscreen, and using alcoholbased hand gels for cleaning hands are all important activities to p
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
articipate in while camping, ra ra ra ra
but they do not contribute to or prevent transmission of this disease.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Apply (application) ra
OBJ:Explain the relationship between the infection chain and transmission of infection.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
TOP:Evaluation MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra ra
,3. The nursing attendant is providing an educational session for a group of preschool worke
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
rs. The nursing attendant reminds the group about the most important thing to do to prev
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
ent the spread of infection. Which information did the nursing attendant share with the p
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
reschool workers? ra
a. Encourage preschool children to eat a nutritious diet. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
b. Suggest that parents provide a multivitamin to the children. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. Clean the toys every afternoon before putting them away. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. Wash their hands between each interaction with children. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-D ra
The single most important thing that individuals can do to prevent the spread of infection is to
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
wash their hands before and after eating, going to the bathroom, changing a diaper, and wipi
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ng a nose and between touching each individual child. It is important for preschool children t
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
o have a nutritious diet; a healthy individual can fight infection more effectively. A health care
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra r
provider, along with the parent, makes decisions about dietary supplements.
a ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
Cleaning the toys can decrease the number of pathogens but is not the most important thing to
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
do in this scenario.
ra ra ra
DIF:Apply (application) ra
OBJ:Select an intervention to prevent infection for each element of the infection chain.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
TOP:Teaching/Learning MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra ra
4. The nursing attendant is admitting a hospital client with an infectious disease process. Wh
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ic h question will be
ar ra ra
most appropriate for a nursing attendant to ask about the hospital client ’s susceptibility t
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
o this i nfectious process?
ra ar ra
a. ―Do you have a spouse?‖ ra ra ra ra
b. ―Do you have a chronic disease?‖ ra ra ra ra ra
c. ―Do you have any children living in the home?‖ ra ra ra ar ra ra ar ra
d. ―Do you have any religious beliefs that will influence your care?‖
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-B ra
Multiple factors influence a hospital client ’s susceptibility to infection. Hospital client s with
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis are also more susceptible to i
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
nfection because of general debilitation and nutritional impairment. Other factors include age,
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
nutritional status, trauma, and smoking. The other questions are part of an admission assessm
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ent process but are not pertinent to the infectious disease process.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Apply (application) ra
OBJ:Select an intervention to prevent infection for each element of the infection chain.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
TOP:Assessment MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra ra
5. The hospital client experienced a surgical procedure, and Betadine was utilized as the surgi
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
cal prep. Two days postoperatively, the nursing attendant ’s assessment indicates that the i
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ncision is red and has a small amount of purulent drainage. The hospital client reports tend
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
erness at the incision site. The hospital client ’s temperature is
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
and the WBC is 10,50 0/mm3. Which action should the nursing attendant take first? a.
ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
Plan to change the surgical dressing during the shift.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
b. Utilize SBAR to notify the primary health care provider. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. Reevaluate the temperature and white blood cell count in 4 hours. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. Check to see what solution was used for skin preparation in surgery.ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
, ACCURATE ANSWER:-B ra
The nursing assessment indicates signs and symptoms of infection, requiring the primary he
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
alth care provider to be notified of the hospital client ’s needs. SBAR—
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation— ra ra ra ra
can be utilized to organize thoughts and data and to provide a thorough explanation of the
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
hospital client ’s current status. The reevaluation of temperature is a good choice, but it will
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
take longer than 4 hours to make a change in the white blood cells. Changing the dressing m
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ay be a need during the shift but is not a first priority. Checking to see about the skin prepara
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
tion used 2 days ago may or may not be useful information at this time.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Analyze (analysis) ra
OBJ:Select an intervention to prevent infection for each element of the infection chain.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
TOP:Implementation MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra
6. The nursing attendant is providing an education session to an adult community group abou
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
t the effects of smoking on infection. Which information is most important for the nursing
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
attendant to include in the educational session? ra ra ra ra ra ra
a. Smoke from tobacco products clings to your clothing and hair. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
b. Smoking affects the cilia lining the upper airways in the lungs. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. Smoking can affect the color of the hospital client ’s fingernails. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. Smoking tobacco products can be very expensive. ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-B ra
A normal defense mechanism against infection in the respiratory tract is the cilia lining the up
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
per airways of the lungs and normal mucus. When a hospital client inhales a microbe, the cili
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
a and mucus trap the microbe and sweep them up and out to be expectorated or swallowed. S
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
moking may alter this defense mechanism and increase the hospital client ’s potential for infe
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ction. Smoking can be expensive, the smell does cling to hair and clothing, and the tar within
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
the smoke can alter the color of a hospital client ’s nails. This information can be included in t
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
he education but does not constitute the most important point.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ra
OBJ:Identify the normal defenses of the body against infection. TOP:Teaching/ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
Learning MSC: Safety and Infection Control ra ra ra ra
7. A female adult hospital client presents to the clinic with reports of a white discharge and i
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
tching in the vaginal area. A nursing attendant is taking a health history. Which question
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
is the priority?
ra ra
a. ―When was the last time you visited your primary health care provider?‖ ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra
b. ―Has this condition affected your eating habits in any way?‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
c. ―What medications are you currently taking?‖ ra ra ra ra ra
d. ―Are you able to sleep at night?‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-C ra
Antibiotics and oral contraceptives can disrupt normal flora in the vagina, causing an overg
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
rowth of Candida albicans in that area. It is important to ask the hospital client about current
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra
medications to obtain information that may assist with diagnosis. The body contains norma ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
l flora (microorganisms) that live on the surface of skin, saliva, oral mucosa, gastrointestinal
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
tract, and genitourinary tract. The normal flora of the vagina causes vaginal secretions to ac
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra
hieve a low pH, inhibiting the growth of many microorganisms. Visiting the primary health
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra
care provider is important for the hospital client ’s health maintenance but is not the priorit
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra
