Chapter 04: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ra
1. The nursing instructor is teaching a class on nursing theory. One of the students asks, ―
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Why ar
do we need to know this stuff? It doesn’t really affect hospital client s.‖ What is the instr
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uct or’s best response? ra ra
a. ―You are correct, but we have to learn it anyway.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
b. ―This keeps the focus of nursing narrow.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. ―Theories help explain why nursing attendant s do what they do.‖ ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ar
d. ―Exposure to theories will help you later in graduate school.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ar
ANSWER:-C
Theories offer well- ra ra
grounded rationales for how and why nursing attendant s perform specific interventions and f
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or predicting and/or prescribing nursing care measures. Although nursing theory will help th
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e nursing attendant in graduate school, it is also an important basis for the nursing attendant
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’s approach to daily hospital client care, and it expands scientific knowledge of the professio
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n.
DIF:Apply (application) ra OBJ:Explain how theory is used in nursing practice. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
TOPIC:-Implementation MSC: Management of Care ra ra ra
2. The nursing attendant is caring for a hospital client who does not follow the prescribed r
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egimen for diabetes management. As a prescriber to Orem’s theory, the nursing attendan
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tiar
nterviews the hospital client in an attempt to identify the cause of the hospital client ’s
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―nonadherence.‖ What is the rationale for the nursing attendant ’s behavior? a. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
Orem’s theory is useful in designing interventions to promote self-care.
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b. Orem’s theory focuses on cultural issues that may affect compliance.
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c. Orem’s theory allows for reduction of anxiety with communication. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. Orem’s theory helps nursing attendant s manipulate the hospital client ’s environment.
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ACCURATE ra
ANSWER:-A
When applying Orem’s theory, a nursing attendant continually assesses a hospital client ’
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s ability to perform selfcare and intervenes as needed to ensure that the hospital client s meet
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physical, psycholog ra
ical, sociological, and developmental needs. According to Orem, people who participate in
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self-
care activities are more likely to improve their health outcomes. Leininger’s culture care theor
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y focuses on culture diversity and provides culturally specific nursing care. According to Peplau
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, nursing attendant s help hospital client s reduce anxiety by converting it into constructive a
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ctions, using therapeutic communication. Nightingale’s grand theory is a hospital client ’s en
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vironment can be manipulated by nursing attendant s to restore a hospital client to health.
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DIF:Understand (comprehension) ra
, OBJ:Explain how theory is used in nursing practice. TOPIC:-Evaluation
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MSC: Management of Care
ra ra ra
3. A nursing attendant is testing meditation for migraine headaches and the expected outcom
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e of care when performing this intervention. Which type of theory is the nursing attendant
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using?
a
a. Grand
b. Prescriptive
c. Descriptive
d. Middle-range
, ACCURATE ANSWER:-B ra
A prescriptive theory details nursing interventions (meditation) for a specific phenomenon (
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migraine headaches) and the expected outcome of the care. Grand theories are broad in scope a
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nd complex and require further specification through research; it does not provide guidance f
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or specific nursing interventions. Descriptive theories do not direct specific nursing activities
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but help to explain hospital client assessment. A middlerange theory tends to focus on a concept
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found in a specific field of nursing, such as uncertain
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ty, incontinence, social support, quality of life, and caring, rather than reflect on a wide variety
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of nursing care situations.
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DIF:Understand (comprehension) ra
OBJ:Discuss types of nursing theories. ra ra ra ra ar
TOPIC:-Implementation MSC: Management of Care ra ra ra
4. The nursing attendant researcher is evaluating whether holding pressure at an injection sit
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e after injecting the anticoagulant enoxaparin will reduce bruising at the injection site. Thi
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s study involves a prescriptive theory. What is the nursing attendant ’s rationale for involvi
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ng a prescriptive theory?
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a. It explains why bruising occurs.ra ra ra ra
b. It is broad in scope and complex.
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c. It tests a specific nursing intervention.
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d. It reflects a wide variety of nursing care situations.
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ACCURATE ANSWER:-C ra
Prescriptive theories detail nursing interventions for a specific phenomenon and the expected o
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utcome of the care but it does not explain why. Grand theories are broad in scope and comple
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x and focus on a wide variety of nursing care situations.
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DIF:Understand (comprehension) ra
OBJ:Discuss types of nursing theories. TOPIC:-Planning ra ra ra ra ar
MSC: Management of Care ra ra ra
5. A nursing attendant is using nursing theory and the nursing process simultaneously to pla
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n nursing care. How will the nursing attendant use nursing theory and the nursing proces
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s in practice?
ra ar
a. Nursing theory can direct how a nursing attendant uses the nursing process.
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b. Nursing theory requires the nursing process to develop knowledge. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. Nursing theory with the nursing process has a minor role in professional nursing.
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d. Nursing theory combined with the nursing process is specific to certain ill hospital client s.
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ACCURATE ANSWER:-A ra
Nursing theory can direct how a nursing attendant uses the nursing process. Integration of the
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ory into practice (nursing process) serves as the basis for professional nursing. The nursing pro
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cess provides a systematic process for the delivery of care, not the knowledge component of the
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra
discipline. Useful theories are adaptable to different hospital client s and to all care settings.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ra
OBJ:Explain how theory is used in nursing practice. TOPIC:-Implementation ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar MSC: ra
Management of Care ra ra
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ra
1. The nursing instructor is teaching a class on nursing theory. One of the students asks, ―
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Why ar
do we need to know this stuff? It doesn’t really affect hospital client s.‖ What is the instr
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
uct or’s best response? ra ra
a. ―You are correct, but we have to learn it anyway.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
b. ―This keeps the focus of nursing narrow.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. ―Theories help explain why nursing attendant s do what they do.‖ ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ar
d. ―Exposure to theories will help you later in graduate school.‖ ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ar
ANSWER:-C
Theories offer well- ra ra
grounded rationales for how and why nursing attendant s perform specific interventions and f
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra ra
or predicting and/or prescribing nursing care measures. Although nursing theory will help th
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
e nursing attendant in graduate school, it is also an important basis for the nursing attendant
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
’s approach to daily hospital client care, and it expands scientific knowledge of the professio
ra ra ra ra ra r a ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
n.
DIF:Apply (application) ra OBJ:Explain how theory is used in nursing practice. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
TOPIC:-Implementation MSC: Management of Care ra ra ra
2. The nursing attendant is caring for a hospital client who does not follow the prescribed r
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
egimen for diabetes management. As a prescriber to Orem’s theory, the nursing attendan
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
tiar
nterviews the hospital client in an attempt to identify the cause of the hospital client ’s
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
―nonadherence.‖ What is the rationale for the nursing attendant ’s behavior? a. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
Orem’s theory is useful in designing interventions to promote self-care.
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b. Orem’s theory focuses on cultural issues that may affect compliance.
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c. Orem’s theory allows for reduction of anxiety with communication. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. Orem’s theory helps nursing attendant s manipulate the hospital client ’s environment.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ra
ANSWER:-A
When applying Orem’s theory, a nursing attendant continually assesses a hospital client ’
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s ability to perform selfcare and intervenes as needed to ensure that the hospital client s meet
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
physical, psycholog ra
ical, sociological, and developmental needs. According to Orem, people who participate in
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self-
care activities are more likely to improve their health outcomes. Leininger’s culture care theor
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
y focuses on culture diversity and provides culturally specific nursing care. According to Peplau
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
, nursing attendant s help hospital client s reduce anxiety by converting it into constructive a
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ctions, using therapeutic communication. Nightingale’s grand theory is a hospital client ’s en
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
vironment can be manipulated by nursing attendant s to restore a hospital client to health.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ra
, OBJ:Explain how theory is used in nursing practice. TOPIC:-Evaluation
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
MSC: Management of Care
ra ra ra
3. A nursing attendant is testing meditation for migraine headaches and the expected outcom
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
e of care when performing this intervention. Which type of theory is the nursing attendant
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra r
using?
a
a. Grand
b. Prescriptive
c. Descriptive
d. Middle-range
, ACCURATE ANSWER:-B ra
A prescriptive theory details nursing interventions (meditation) for a specific phenomenon (
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
migraine headaches) and the expected outcome of the care. Grand theories are broad in scope a
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
nd complex and require further specification through research; it does not provide guidance f
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
or specific nursing interventions. Descriptive theories do not direct specific nursing activities
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
but help to explain hospital client assessment. A middlerange theory tends to focus on a concept
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
found in a specific field of nursing, such as uncertain
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ty, incontinence, social support, quality of life, and caring, rather than reflect on a wide variety
ra ra ra ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
of nursing care situations.
ra ra ra ra
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ra
OBJ:Discuss types of nursing theories. ra ra ra ra ar
TOPIC:-Implementation MSC: Management of Care ra ra ra
4. The nursing attendant researcher is evaluating whether holding pressure at an injection sit
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
e after injecting the anticoagulant enoxaparin will reduce bruising at the injection site. Thi
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
s study involves a prescriptive theory. What is the nursing attendant ’s rationale for involvi
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ng a prescriptive theory?
ar ra ra
a. It explains why bruising occurs.ra ra ra ra
b. It is broad in scope and complex.
ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. It tests a specific nursing intervention.
ra ra ra ra ra
d. It reflects a wide variety of nursing care situations.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-C ra
Prescriptive theories detail nursing interventions for a specific phenomenon and the expected o
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar
utcome of the care but it does not explain why. Grand theories are broad in scope and comple
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
x and focus on a wide variety of nursing care situations.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ra
OBJ:Discuss types of nursing theories. TOPIC:-Planning ra ra ra ra ar
MSC: Management of Care ra ra ra
5. A nursing attendant is using nursing theory and the nursing process simultaneously to pla
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
n nursing care. How will the nursing attendant use nursing theory and the nursing proces
ar ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
s in practice?
ra ar
a. Nursing theory can direct how a nursing attendant uses the nursing process.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
b. Nursing theory requires the nursing process to develop knowledge. ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
c. Nursing theory with the nursing process has a minor role in professional nursing.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
d. Nursing theory combined with the nursing process is specific to certain ill hospital client s.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ACCURATE ANSWER:-A ra
Nursing theory can direct how a nursing attendant uses the nursing process. Integration of the
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
ory into practice (nursing process) serves as the basis for professional nursing. The nursing pro
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
cess provides a systematic process for the delivery of care, not the knowledge component of the
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar ra
discipline. Useful theories are adaptable to different hospital client s and to all care settings.
ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ra
DIF:Understand (comprehension) ra
OBJ:Explain how theory is used in nursing practice. TOPIC:-Implementation ra ra ra ra ra ra ra ar MSC: ra
Management of Care ra ra
