PCU Exam Questions &
Complete Correct Answers
what are normal ABG values? - correct answer ✔✔pH: acidic 7.35-7.45 basic
CO2: basic 35-45 acidic
HCO3-: acidic 22-26 basic
what pH levels are lethal? - correct answer ✔✔outside 6.8-7.8
normal paO2 - correct answer ✔✔80-100 mmHg
How do the kidneys help maintain acid-base balance? - correct answer ✔✔retain/excrete basic
HCO3 and retain/excrete acidic H+
where are ABGs drawn from? what test is done to ensure adequate blood flow? - correct
answer ✔✔peripheral artery; allen's test for radial artery
treatments for respiratory acidosis - correct answer ✔✔-oxygen
-intubation
-bronchodilators
-drug reversal agents
-incentive spirometer
-suction
, treatments for respiratory alkalosis - correct answer ✔✔-breathing into paper bag
-anxiolytics
-analgesics
-reduce fever
-reduce ventilation
-return to normal altitude
treatments for metabolic acidosis - correct answer ✔✔-IV sodium bicarbonate
-manage blood sugar
-antibiotics
-reversal for OD
-anti-diarrheal agents
-dialysis
-encourage respirations/ventilate
treatments for metabolic alkalosis - correct answer ✔✔-antiemetics
-stop suctioning
-d/c drugs causing acid loss (diuretics, antacids)
-hydrochloric acid (rare)
what is systolic vs diastolic heart failure? - correct answer ✔✔systolic: type of L sided HF with
reduced EF of < 40%; impaired contraction
diastolic: type of L sided HF with preserved EF > 50%; impaired relaxation
Complete Correct Answers
what are normal ABG values? - correct answer ✔✔pH: acidic 7.35-7.45 basic
CO2: basic 35-45 acidic
HCO3-: acidic 22-26 basic
what pH levels are lethal? - correct answer ✔✔outside 6.8-7.8
normal paO2 - correct answer ✔✔80-100 mmHg
How do the kidneys help maintain acid-base balance? - correct answer ✔✔retain/excrete basic
HCO3 and retain/excrete acidic H+
where are ABGs drawn from? what test is done to ensure adequate blood flow? - correct
answer ✔✔peripheral artery; allen's test for radial artery
treatments for respiratory acidosis - correct answer ✔✔-oxygen
-intubation
-bronchodilators
-drug reversal agents
-incentive spirometer
-suction
, treatments for respiratory alkalosis - correct answer ✔✔-breathing into paper bag
-anxiolytics
-analgesics
-reduce fever
-reduce ventilation
-return to normal altitude
treatments for metabolic acidosis - correct answer ✔✔-IV sodium bicarbonate
-manage blood sugar
-antibiotics
-reversal for OD
-anti-diarrheal agents
-dialysis
-encourage respirations/ventilate
treatments for metabolic alkalosis - correct answer ✔✔-antiemetics
-stop suctioning
-d/c drugs causing acid loss (diuretics, antacids)
-hydrochloric acid (rare)
what is systolic vs diastolic heart failure? - correct answer ✔✔systolic: type of L sided HF with
reduced EF of < 40%; impaired contraction
diastolic: type of L sided HF with preserved EF > 50%; impaired relaxation
