ATI Adult Medical/Surgical Nursing TESTBANK Content
Mastery Series (CMS) Exams STUDY GUIDE ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS (MOST
TESTED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS) LATEST
UPDATES 2025 |ALREADY GRADED A+ (REVISED EXAM)
After obtaining a blood specimen from a client's peripherally inserted
central catheter (PICC), which of the following actions should the
nurse take next?
A. Resume continuous IV infusion.
B. Perform sterile dressing change.
C. Instill heparin solution 10 units/mL.
D. Flush with 20 mL 0.9% sodium chloride. - CORRECT ANSWER D
Follow the Infusion Nurses Society (INS) practice recommendations.
Flush with 20 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride after drawing blood. Use a
10 mL syringe for flushing a PICC line. Do not apply force if resistance
is met. Flush with 10 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride before, between, and
after medications.
A client is admitted to the telemetry unit for sustained paroxysmal
supraventricular tachycardia. Which of the following medications
should the nurse prepare to administer?
A. Atropine
B. Adenosine
C. Nitroprusside
D. Norepinephrine - CORRECT ANSWER B
Adenosine 6 mg rapid IVP (over 1 to 2 seconds) is given to convert
paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia to a normal sinus rhythm.
,A nurse provides care for a client who was just admitted to the
emergency department reporting chest pain. Which of the following
diagnostic tests should the nurse prioritize?
A. Echocardiogram
B. Chest radiograph
C. Electrocardiogram
D. Cardiac angiography - CORRECT ANSWER C
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the first diagnostic tests
performed for the client experiencing chest pain because it is a fast,
noninvasive test to provide immediate information. The ECG
graphically shows cardiac electrical activity and cardiac ischemia.
A nurse provides care for a client who is diagnosed with syndrome of
inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following
laboratory values would be expected? (Select all that apply.)
A. Sodium 128 mEq/L
B. Potassium 5.0 mEq/L
C. Magnesium 1.5 mEq/L
D. Urine specific gravity 1.035
E. Serum specific gravity 290 mOsm/kg - CORRECT ANSWER A, D
Clients who have SIADH retain fluid, which results in dilutional
hyponatremia and increased urine specific gravity.
A nurse provides care for a client who has a Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain.
Which of the following actions will ensure proper function?
A. Coil tubing of drain.
B. Empty bulb every day.
C. Keep bulb compressed.
D. Place drain to wall suction. - CORRECT ANSWER C
A JP drain is an evacuator unit that exerts constant low pressure as
long as the bulb of the device is fully compressed.
,A nurse provides education to a preoperative client regarding use of
an incentive spirometer (IS). Identify the sequence the client should
follow. (Place the steps in selected order of performance. All steps
must be used.)
A. Sit up.
B. Inhale slowly.
C. Exhale slowly.
D. Hold breath for 3 to 5 seconds.
E. Create a tight seal around mouthpiece.
F. Perform 10 (IS) breaths per hour while awake. - CORRECT ANSWER
A, E, B, D, C, F
The client should sit up in semi-Fowler's or high-Fowler's position to
maximize lung expansion. The mouthpiece of the IS device is placed in
the mouth and the lips; make a tight seal. Inhale slowly and maintain a
constant flow during inhalation. Hold breath for 3 to 5 seconds. Exhale
slowly and breathe normally for a short period between each IS breath
to prevent hyperventilation and fatigue. Perform 10 IS breaths per hour
while awake. At the end of these 10 breaths, instruct the client to
attempt to cough twice. This assists with mobilization of secretions in
the lungs.
A nurse plans care for a client who requires continuous ambulatory
peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following actions is appropriate?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Notify provider of cloudy or opaque effluent.
B. Prepare client for exchange two or three times weekly.
C. Apply mask to client during system connect and disconnect.
D. Require client to remain in reclining position during exchange.
E. Warm dialysate bag by applying heating pad prior to installation. -
CORRECT ANSWER A, C, E
The provider should be notified of any cloudy or opaque effluent or
drainage as this can be an indication of infection. Peritonitis is the
major cause for discontinuance of peritoneal dialysis. Surgical asepsis
, (sterile technique) is employe during connection and disconnection.
Infection is the most common complication of peritoneal dialysis. The
dialysate should be warmed to reduce discomfort during inflow. The
solution may be warmed by wrapping a heating pad around the
solution bad or by using the warming chamber of the automated
cycling machine.
A nurse plans care for a client who has a serum potassium of 7 mEq/L.
Which of the following actions should be implemented? (Select all that
apply.)
A. Place on a cardiac monitor.
B. Obtain a serum creatinine level.
C. Infuse 100 mL of 10% glucose IV.
D. Begin IV infusion of regular insulin.
E. Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
F. Initiate 0.33% sodium chloride IV fluid bolus. - CORRECT ANSWER
A, B, C, D, E
Cardiac monitoring is critical for clients with hyperkalemia. Potassium
maintains resting membrane potential of cardiac muscle.
Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac arrest. Serum
creatinine levels should be evaluated in clients with hyperkalemia.
Elevated serum creatinine can be an indication of impaired renal
function, a major cause of hyperkalemia. Glucose is required to
prevent hypoglycemia caused by the insulin therapy. Intravenous
regular insulin is typically infused with severe hyperkalemia. This
causes a temporary shift of potassium from the serum into the cells.
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate may be given for hyperkalemia. Sodium
polystyrene sulfonate binds with the potassium for excretion.
A nurse provides care to a client who is on continuous ECG monitoring
and observes the rhythm below. Which of the following activities
should be implemented?
A. Obtain blood pressure.
B. Call rapid response team.
C. Notify provider immediately.
Mastery Series (CMS) Exams STUDY GUIDE ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS (MOST
TESTED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS) LATEST
UPDATES 2025 |ALREADY GRADED A+ (REVISED EXAM)
After obtaining a blood specimen from a client's peripherally inserted
central catheter (PICC), which of the following actions should the
nurse take next?
A. Resume continuous IV infusion.
B. Perform sterile dressing change.
C. Instill heparin solution 10 units/mL.
D. Flush with 20 mL 0.9% sodium chloride. - CORRECT ANSWER D
Follow the Infusion Nurses Society (INS) practice recommendations.
Flush with 20 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride after drawing blood. Use a
10 mL syringe for flushing a PICC line. Do not apply force if resistance
is met. Flush with 10 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride before, between, and
after medications.
A client is admitted to the telemetry unit for sustained paroxysmal
supraventricular tachycardia. Which of the following medications
should the nurse prepare to administer?
A. Atropine
B. Adenosine
C. Nitroprusside
D. Norepinephrine - CORRECT ANSWER B
Adenosine 6 mg rapid IVP (over 1 to 2 seconds) is given to convert
paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia to a normal sinus rhythm.
,A nurse provides care for a client who was just admitted to the
emergency department reporting chest pain. Which of the following
diagnostic tests should the nurse prioritize?
A. Echocardiogram
B. Chest radiograph
C. Electrocardiogram
D. Cardiac angiography - CORRECT ANSWER C
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the first diagnostic tests
performed for the client experiencing chest pain because it is a fast,
noninvasive test to provide immediate information. The ECG
graphically shows cardiac electrical activity and cardiac ischemia.
A nurse provides care for a client who is diagnosed with syndrome of
inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following
laboratory values would be expected? (Select all that apply.)
A. Sodium 128 mEq/L
B. Potassium 5.0 mEq/L
C. Magnesium 1.5 mEq/L
D. Urine specific gravity 1.035
E. Serum specific gravity 290 mOsm/kg - CORRECT ANSWER A, D
Clients who have SIADH retain fluid, which results in dilutional
hyponatremia and increased urine specific gravity.
A nurse provides care for a client who has a Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain.
Which of the following actions will ensure proper function?
A. Coil tubing of drain.
B. Empty bulb every day.
C. Keep bulb compressed.
D. Place drain to wall suction. - CORRECT ANSWER C
A JP drain is an evacuator unit that exerts constant low pressure as
long as the bulb of the device is fully compressed.
,A nurse provides education to a preoperative client regarding use of
an incentive spirometer (IS). Identify the sequence the client should
follow. (Place the steps in selected order of performance. All steps
must be used.)
A. Sit up.
B. Inhale slowly.
C. Exhale slowly.
D. Hold breath for 3 to 5 seconds.
E. Create a tight seal around mouthpiece.
F. Perform 10 (IS) breaths per hour while awake. - CORRECT ANSWER
A, E, B, D, C, F
The client should sit up in semi-Fowler's or high-Fowler's position to
maximize lung expansion. The mouthpiece of the IS device is placed in
the mouth and the lips; make a tight seal. Inhale slowly and maintain a
constant flow during inhalation. Hold breath for 3 to 5 seconds. Exhale
slowly and breathe normally for a short period between each IS breath
to prevent hyperventilation and fatigue. Perform 10 IS breaths per hour
while awake. At the end of these 10 breaths, instruct the client to
attempt to cough twice. This assists with mobilization of secretions in
the lungs.
A nurse plans care for a client who requires continuous ambulatory
peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following actions is appropriate?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Notify provider of cloudy or opaque effluent.
B. Prepare client for exchange two or three times weekly.
C. Apply mask to client during system connect and disconnect.
D. Require client to remain in reclining position during exchange.
E. Warm dialysate bag by applying heating pad prior to installation. -
CORRECT ANSWER A, C, E
The provider should be notified of any cloudy or opaque effluent or
drainage as this can be an indication of infection. Peritonitis is the
major cause for discontinuance of peritoneal dialysis. Surgical asepsis
, (sterile technique) is employe during connection and disconnection.
Infection is the most common complication of peritoneal dialysis. The
dialysate should be warmed to reduce discomfort during inflow. The
solution may be warmed by wrapping a heating pad around the
solution bad or by using the warming chamber of the automated
cycling machine.
A nurse plans care for a client who has a serum potassium of 7 mEq/L.
Which of the following actions should be implemented? (Select all that
apply.)
A. Place on a cardiac monitor.
B. Obtain a serum creatinine level.
C. Infuse 100 mL of 10% glucose IV.
D. Begin IV infusion of regular insulin.
E. Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
F. Initiate 0.33% sodium chloride IV fluid bolus. - CORRECT ANSWER
A, B, C, D, E
Cardiac monitoring is critical for clients with hyperkalemia. Potassium
maintains resting membrane potential of cardiac muscle.
Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac arrest. Serum
creatinine levels should be evaluated in clients with hyperkalemia.
Elevated serum creatinine can be an indication of impaired renal
function, a major cause of hyperkalemia. Glucose is required to
prevent hypoglycemia caused by the insulin therapy. Intravenous
regular insulin is typically infused with severe hyperkalemia. This
causes a temporary shift of potassium from the serum into the cells.
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate may be given for hyperkalemia. Sodium
polystyrene sulfonate binds with the potassium for excretion.
A nurse provides care to a client who is on continuous ECG monitoring
and observes the rhythm below. Which of the following activities
should be implemented?
A. Obtain blood pressure.
B. Call rapid response team.
C. Notify provider immediately.
