NLN PAX Science Prep exam study
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Natural Selection - ANS Process by traits that promote or enhance an organisms ability to
survive and reproduce are passed onto the following generations
Adaptation - ANS Individuals best suited to their environment
Taxonomical Rank - ANS Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Active Transport - ANS Involves use of ATP to move substances across membrane
Passive Transport - ANS Does not require energy, uses diffusion or filtration
Hypertonic - ANS When solute is more concentrated outside of the cell, water leaves the cell,
cell shrinks
Hypotonic - ANS When solute is more concentrated inside of the cell, water enters the cell, cell
swells
Autotroph - ANS Organisms that produce their own food from inorganic substances. Ex: plants
Heterotroph - ANS Obtain their food by consuming plants or other animals, also referred to as
consumers
Primary consumers - ANS May be herbivores or omnivores
Secondary consumers - ANS Are carnivores or omnivores that eat herbivores
Tertiary consumers - ANS Carnivores that eat other carnivores or omnivores
Photosynthesis - ANS Chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the send and converts it into
glucose
Photosynthesis equation - ANS 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2
, Stomates - ANS Pores on lower portions of leaves that allow CO2 to enter and O2 to leave
Angiosperms - ANS Responsible for reproduction
Sepals - ANS Encase flower before it blossoms
Petals - ANS Useful in attracting pollinators
Filament - ANS Where pollen is produced
Pistil - ANS Consists of the stigma where pollen is received
Genes - ANS Determine characteristics of an organism
Phenotype - ANS Physical characteristics of an organism
How many chromosomes do humans have? - ANS 46, 23 homologous pairs
Transcription - ANS Process of forming mRNA from DNA
tRNA - ANS Coded for specific amino acids
Systole - ANS When the heart contracts
Diastole - ANS When the hear relaxes
Cellular respiration - ANS Process by which we get energy from the food that we eat
Aerobic respiration - ANS Occurs when oxygen is present
Anaerobic respiration - ANS Occurs without oxygen, produces lower amounts of ATP, accounts
for lactic acid
Osteocytes - ANS Produce hard, calcium rich extra cellular matrix
Ligaments - ANS Connect bones to other bones
Tendons - ANS Connect muscles to bone
Cornea - ANS Allows light to enter the eye
Pupil - ANS Regulates how much light enters the eye
Lens - ANS Focuses light into the retina
guide with complete solution latest
update
Natural Selection - ANS Process by traits that promote or enhance an organisms ability to
survive and reproduce are passed onto the following generations
Adaptation - ANS Individuals best suited to their environment
Taxonomical Rank - ANS Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Active Transport - ANS Involves use of ATP to move substances across membrane
Passive Transport - ANS Does not require energy, uses diffusion or filtration
Hypertonic - ANS When solute is more concentrated outside of the cell, water leaves the cell,
cell shrinks
Hypotonic - ANS When solute is more concentrated inside of the cell, water enters the cell, cell
swells
Autotroph - ANS Organisms that produce their own food from inorganic substances. Ex: plants
Heterotroph - ANS Obtain their food by consuming plants or other animals, also referred to as
consumers
Primary consumers - ANS May be herbivores or omnivores
Secondary consumers - ANS Are carnivores or omnivores that eat herbivores
Tertiary consumers - ANS Carnivores that eat other carnivores or omnivores
Photosynthesis - ANS Chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the send and converts it into
glucose
Photosynthesis equation - ANS 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2
, Stomates - ANS Pores on lower portions of leaves that allow CO2 to enter and O2 to leave
Angiosperms - ANS Responsible for reproduction
Sepals - ANS Encase flower before it blossoms
Petals - ANS Useful in attracting pollinators
Filament - ANS Where pollen is produced
Pistil - ANS Consists of the stigma where pollen is received
Genes - ANS Determine characteristics of an organism
Phenotype - ANS Physical characteristics of an organism
How many chromosomes do humans have? - ANS 46, 23 homologous pairs
Transcription - ANS Process of forming mRNA from DNA
tRNA - ANS Coded for specific amino acids
Systole - ANS When the heart contracts
Diastole - ANS When the hear relaxes
Cellular respiration - ANS Process by which we get energy from the food that we eat
Aerobic respiration - ANS Occurs when oxygen is present
Anaerobic respiration - ANS Occurs without oxygen, produces lower amounts of ATP, accounts
for lactic acid
Osteocytes - ANS Produce hard, calcium rich extra cellular matrix
Ligaments - ANS Connect bones to other bones
Tendons - ANS Connect muscles to bone
Cornea - ANS Allows light to enter the eye
Pupil - ANS Regulates how much light enters the eye
Lens - ANS Focuses light into the retina
