KHP240 MIDTERM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS,
100% GUARANTEE
carbohydrate - digestion of what nutrient begins in the mouth
stomach - mechanical churning of food occurs in this pouch like portion of the digestive
tract
small intestine - most absorption of nutrients takes place here
gall bladder - this sac like structure secretes bile to aid in fat digestion
GluT - specialized membrane glucose carrier protein
large intestine - bacteria acts on undigested food in this portion of digestive tract
amylase - this enzyme breaks down starch in the mouth
water - this nutrient passes across cell membrane using passive diffusion
glucose and galactose - these monosaccharides require active transport to diffuse across
cell membranes
fructose - this monosaccharide uses facilitated diffusion to pass through cell membranes
free fatty acid - the name for the fatty acids once they are cleaved off the glycerol
lipoprotein - a lipid compound that carries triglycerides through intestinal cells
,amino acid pool - a collection of amino acid found in the body fluids and tissues
vitamins and minerals - these molecules do not require breakdown into smaller units for
absorption
1) Carbs 2) Fats 3) proteins 4)water 5) vitamins 6) minerals - nutrients are divided into 6
categories:
enzymes - proteins that play an important role as catalysts, they allow metabolic reactions
to occur at way higher rates than they would spontaneously
phosphorylase - An enzyme that breaks down carbohydrate stores in the liver and muscles
hemoglobin - important protein, found in erythrocytes, acts as an oxygen carrier
Macronutrients - present in relatively large amounts in the human diet ex:
1) carbs 2) lipids 3) protein 4) water
Micronutrients - vitamins, minerals, trace elements
human nutrition requires 3 monosaccharides: - 1) glucose 2)fructose 3)galactose
human nutrition requires 3 disaccharides - 1) maltose
2)sucrose
3)lactose
carbohydrates - important fuel source during exercise and a crucial part of an athlete's diet
, - crucial in the recovery phase of post exercise
- a large % in the western world are obtained from sugar
saccharides - sugar
galactose - usually only present in small amounts in our diet, but relatively large amounts
are released after the digestion of the disaccharide lactose
fructose and galactose must be: - converted into glucose before they can be oxidized
- this occurs in the liver at relatively slow rates
polysaccharide examples: - 1) maltodextrin
2)starch
3)amylase
4)amylopectin
5)glycogen
sucrose - the most abundant dietary disaccharide, 20-25% of the daily energy intake in the
western world
- composed of a glucose and a fructose molecule
starch - the storage form of carbs in plants
-two forms:
1)amylopectin
2)amylose
glycogen - the storage form of carbs in animals/people
-stored in the liver and skeletal muscles
100% GUARANTEE
carbohydrate - digestion of what nutrient begins in the mouth
stomach - mechanical churning of food occurs in this pouch like portion of the digestive
tract
small intestine - most absorption of nutrients takes place here
gall bladder - this sac like structure secretes bile to aid in fat digestion
GluT - specialized membrane glucose carrier protein
large intestine - bacteria acts on undigested food in this portion of digestive tract
amylase - this enzyme breaks down starch in the mouth
water - this nutrient passes across cell membrane using passive diffusion
glucose and galactose - these monosaccharides require active transport to diffuse across
cell membranes
fructose - this monosaccharide uses facilitated diffusion to pass through cell membranes
free fatty acid - the name for the fatty acids once they are cleaved off the glycerol
lipoprotein - a lipid compound that carries triglycerides through intestinal cells
,amino acid pool - a collection of amino acid found in the body fluids and tissues
vitamins and minerals - these molecules do not require breakdown into smaller units for
absorption
1) Carbs 2) Fats 3) proteins 4)water 5) vitamins 6) minerals - nutrients are divided into 6
categories:
enzymes - proteins that play an important role as catalysts, they allow metabolic reactions
to occur at way higher rates than they would spontaneously
phosphorylase - An enzyme that breaks down carbohydrate stores in the liver and muscles
hemoglobin - important protein, found in erythrocytes, acts as an oxygen carrier
Macronutrients - present in relatively large amounts in the human diet ex:
1) carbs 2) lipids 3) protein 4) water
Micronutrients - vitamins, minerals, trace elements
human nutrition requires 3 monosaccharides: - 1) glucose 2)fructose 3)galactose
human nutrition requires 3 disaccharides - 1) maltose
2)sucrose
3)lactose
carbohydrates - important fuel source during exercise and a crucial part of an athlete's diet
, - crucial in the recovery phase of post exercise
- a large % in the western world are obtained from sugar
saccharides - sugar
galactose - usually only present in small amounts in our diet, but relatively large amounts
are released after the digestion of the disaccharide lactose
fructose and galactose must be: - converted into glucose before they can be oxidized
- this occurs in the liver at relatively slow rates
polysaccharide examples: - 1) maltodextrin
2)starch
3)amylase
4)amylopectin
5)glycogen
sucrose - the most abundant dietary disaccharide, 20-25% of the daily energy intake in the
western world
- composed of a glucose and a fructose molecule
starch - the storage form of carbs in plants
-two forms:
1)amylopectin
2)amylose
glycogen - the storage form of carbs in animals/people
-stored in the liver and skeletal muscles
