Rigour in Research - Answers Ensures study findings are believable, trustworthy, and
transferable.
Quantitative Rigour - Answers Achieved through psychometric measures to ensure reliability
and validity.
Qualitative Rigour - Answers Demonstrated through credibility, auditability, and fittingness.
Reliability in Research - Answers
Reliability - Answers The extent to which an instrument yields consistent results over time.
Reliability Coefficient - Answers Measures the relationship between error variance, true variance,
and observed scores (range 0-1).
Stability - Answers The consistency of an instrument's results upon repeated use.
Test-Retest Reliability - Answers Compares scores from the same instrument administered at
different times.
Parallel-Form Reliability - Answers Uses two comparable versions of an instrument to test
consistency.
Homogeneity - Answers Assesses whether all items in a scale measure the same concept.
Item-to-Total Correlation - Answers Measures each item's relationship to the total scale.
Split-Half Reliability - Answers Divides a scale into two halves and compares their consistency.
Kuder-Richardson Coefficient (KR-20) - Answers Tests homogeneity in dichotomous responses
(e.g., yes/no).
Cronbach's Alpha - Answers Most common test for internal consistency, especially for Likert
scales.
Equivalence - Answers Agreement among observers or between alternate forms of a tool.
Interrater Reliability - Answers Assesses consistency between different observers or repeated
observations.
Validity in Research - Answers
Validity - Answers The degree to which an instrument measures what it claims to measure.
Content Validity - Answers Ensures the instrument covers the entire domain of the behavior
being measured.