Nursing 251 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
10 traps of interviewing Correct Answer 1. Providing false
assurance or reassurance
2. Giving unwanted advice
3. Using authority
4. Using avoidance language
5. Engaging in distancing
6. Using professional jargon
7. Using leading or biased questions
8. Talking too much
9. Interrupting
10. Using "why" questions
ABCDEF Skin Assessment Correct Answer Promoting health
and self-care
- Teach skin self-examination using ABCDEF rule to detect
suspicious lesions
• A: asymmetry
• B: border irregularity
• C: color variations
• D: diameter greater than 6 mm
• E: elevation or evolution
• F: funny looking—"ugly duckling" —different from others
Annual or Circular Lesions Correct Answer Begins in center
and spreads to periphery
Auscultation Correct Answer - Stethoscope blocks out
extraneous sounds
,- Diaphragm - Flat edge
- Bell - deep, hollow cup-like
- Turnable
Auscultation Techniques Correct Answer 1) Eliminate extra
noise
2) Keep environment warm and warm your stethoscope
3) Avoid listening over hairy body areas
4) Never listen through a patient's gown or clothing
5) Avoid your own artifact
Buccal Mucosa Abnormalities Correct Answer Candidiasis or
monilial infection (children)
Candidiasis in adult
Characteristics of Percussion Notes Correct Answer Resonant
- Pitch: low
- Quality: clear, hollow
- Sample Location: over normal lung tissue
Hyperresonant
- Pitch: lower
- Quality: booming
- Sample Location: Normal over child's lung; abnormal in adult
(emphysema)
Tympany
- Pitch: loud
- Quality: musical and drum like
- Sample Location: over air-filled organs (stomach, intestine)
,Dull
- Pitch: high
- Quality: muffled thud
- Sample Location: dense organs (liver, spleen)
Flat
- Pitch: high
- Quality: dead stop of sound
- Sample Location: no air present (muscles, bones, tumor)
COLDSPA Correct Answer Character of symptom or
condition
Onset (when did it begin; better? worse? same?)
Location (where and does it radiate?)
Duration (constant/ intermittent? minutes, hours, days?)
Severity (on scale of 1-10?)
Pattern (what makes it better? worse?
Associated factors (other associated symptoms? Effect on
leisure or exercise?)
Common Errors in BP Measurement Correct Answer ■ Leads
to high readings
- Taking when physiologically active, following activity, or
emotionally labile
- Narrow cuff size and/or applied too loose
, - Re-inflating during procedure
■ Leads to low readings
- Decreased inflation
- Too large cuff size
■ Can lead to high or low readings - examiner/observer error
- Position of arm or leg
- Improper cuff size
- Deflating cuff too quickly
Competent Nurse Correct Answer 2-3 years
increasing levels of skills and proficiency
ability to organize and plan care using abstract and analytical
thinking
anticipate long term outcomes
Complete Patient Data Correct Answer Complete health
history and a physical head-to-toe exam
Confluent Lesions Correct Answer Lesions run together
Cultural Assessment Correct Answer - heritage
-health practices
- communication
- family roles and social orientation
- nutrition
- pregnancy, birth, child rearing
- spirituality/ religion
- death
- health providers
10 traps of interviewing Correct Answer 1. Providing false
assurance or reassurance
2. Giving unwanted advice
3. Using authority
4. Using avoidance language
5. Engaging in distancing
6. Using professional jargon
7. Using leading or biased questions
8. Talking too much
9. Interrupting
10. Using "why" questions
ABCDEF Skin Assessment Correct Answer Promoting health
and self-care
- Teach skin self-examination using ABCDEF rule to detect
suspicious lesions
• A: asymmetry
• B: border irregularity
• C: color variations
• D: diameter greater than 6 mm
• E: elevation or evolution
• F: funny looking—"ugly duckling" —different from others
Annual or Circular Lesions Correct Answer Begins in center
and spreads to periphery
Auscultation Correct Answer - Stethoscope blocks out
extraneous sounds
,- Diaphragm - Flat edge
- Bell - deep, hollow cup-like
- Turnable
Auscultation Techniques Correct Answer 1) Eliminate extra
noise
2) Keep environment warm and warm your stethoscope
3) Avoid listening over hairy body areas
4) Never listen through a patient's gown or clothing
5) Avoid your own artifact
Buccal Mucosa Abnormalities Correct Answer Candidiasis or
monilial infection (children)
Candidiasis in adult
Characteristics of Percussion Notes Correct Answer Resonant
- Pitch: low
- Quality: clear, hollow
- Sample Location: over normal lung tissue
Hyperresonant
- Pitch: lower
- Quality: booming
- Sample Location: Normal over child's lung; abnormal in adult
(emphysema)
Tympany
- Pitch: loud
- Quality: musical and drum like
- Sample Location: over air-filled organs (stomach, intestine)
,Dull
- Pitch: high
- Quality: muffled thud
- Sample Location: dense organs (liver, spleen)
Flat
- Pitch: high
- Quality: dead stop of sound
- Sample Location: no air present (muscles, bones, tumor)
COLDSPA Correct Answer Character of symptom or
condition
Onset (when did it begin; better? worse? same?)
Location (where and does it radiate?)
Duration (constant/ intermittent? minutes, hours, days?)
Severity (on scale of 1-10?)
Pattern (what makes it better? worse?
Associated factors (other associated symptoms? Effect on
leisure or exercise?)
Common Errors in BP Measurement Correct Answer ■ Leads
to high readings
- Taking when physiologically active, following activity, or
emotionally labile
- Narrow cuff size and/or applied too loose
, - Re-inflating during procedure
■ Leads to low readings
- Decreased inflation
- Too large cuff size
■ Can lead to high or low readings - examiner/observer error
- Position of arm or leg
- Improper cuff size
- Deflating cuff too quickly
Competent Nurse Correct Answer 2-3 years
increasing levels of skills and proficiency
ability to organize and plan care using abstract and analytical
thinking
anticipate long term outcomes
Complete Patient Data Correct Answer Complete health
history and a physical head-to-toe exam
Confluent Lesions Correct Answer Lesions run together
Cultural Assessment Correct Answer - heritage
-health practices
- communication
- family roles and social orientation
- nutrition
- pregnancy, birth, child rearing
- spirituality/ religion
- death
- health providers
