BIO 168 EXAM 1 (CHAPTER 1 &
2)CORRECT 100%
Levels of organization - ANSWERchemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ
level, organ system level, organismal level
three components of homeostasis - ANSWER1. receptor(monitors environment and
responds to changes in variables called stimuli by sending info. to the control center
by the afferent pathway)
2. control center(determines set point at which variable is maintained)
3. effector(organ, gland, or cell that receives output from control center by moving
along the efferent pathway)
Examples of necessary life functions - ANSWERMaintainging boundaries: skin
separates organism from environment
Movement: propulsion of food, blood and urine through internal organs and
contractility
Responsiveness: Withdrawal reflex prevents injury, control of breathing rate which
must change in response to different activities.
Digestion: Breakdown of ingested foodstuffs, followed by absorption of simple
molecules into blood
Metabolism: All chemical reactions that occur in body cells
Excretion: Removal of wastes from metabolism and digestion
Reproduction: At the cellular level, reproduction involves division of cells for growth
or repair. At the organismal level, reproduction is the production of offspring.
Growth: Increase in size of a body part or of organism
5 survival needs - ANSWERnutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature,
atmospheric pressure
how information flows homeostasis - ANSWERafferent(goes to control center) and
efferent(goes to effector) pathways
postitive feedback system - ANSWERa system where the controlled condition
pushed to extremes by effectors, eventually eliminating the condition entirely,
restoring homeostasis. IE childbirth.
negative feedback system - ANSWERReverses a change in a controlled condition.
Its objective is to negate the original stimulus. ex-when bp levels increases, the
negative feedback system will go through the steps to decrease bp levels.
Regional Terms - ANSWERAnatomical terms that refer to specific visible landmarks
on the surface of the body
Shell 1 holds how many electrons? - ANSWER2 electrons
Shell 2 holds how many electrons? - ANSWER8 electrons
2)CORRECT 100%
Levels of organization - ANSWERchemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ
level, organ system level, organismal level
three components of homeostasis - ANSWER1. receptor(monitors environment and
responds to changes in variables called stimuli by sending info. to the control center
by the afferent pathway)
2. control center(determines set point at which variable is maintained)
3. effector(organ, gland, or cell that receives output from control center by moving
along the efferent pathway)
Examples of necessary life functions - ANSWERMaintainging boundaries: skin
separates organism from environment
Movement: propulsion of food, blood and urine through internal organs and
contractility
Responsiveness: Withdrawal reflex prevents injury, control of breathing rate which
must change in response to different activities.
Digestion: Breakdown of ingested foodstuffs, followed by absorption of simple
molecules into blood
Metabolism: All chemical reactions that occur in body cells
Excretion: Removal of wastes from metabolism and digestion
Reproduction: At the cellular level, reproduction involves division of cells for growth
or repair. At the organismal level, reproduction is the production of offspring.
Growth: Increase in size of a body part or of organism
5 survival needs - ANSWERnutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature,
atmospheric pressure
how information flows homeostasis - ANSWERafferent(goes to control center) and
efferent(goes to effector) pathways
postitive feedback system - ANSWERa system where the controlled condition
pushed to extremes by effectors, eventually eliminating the condition entirely,
restoring homeostasis. IE childbirth.
negative feedback system - ANSWERReverses a change in a controlled condition.
Its objective is to negate the original stimulus. ex-when bp levels increases, the
negative feedback system will go through the steps to decrease bp levels.
Regional Terms - ANSWERAnatomical terms that refer to specific visible landmarks
on the surface of the body
Shell 1 holds how many electrons? - ANSWER2 electrons
Shell 2 holds how many electrons? - ANSWER8 electrons
