BIOD 101

1 / 13 BIOD 101 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED) Nitrogenous bases Answer Make up rungs of ladder. A, G, T, C Bases in rungs are in... Answer Complimentary pairs. A&T. C&G Purine Answer contains 2 C-N rings and 4 N atoms. A &G. Pyrimidines Answer Contain 1 C-N ring and 2 N atoms. T &C. Nucleoside Answer base + sugar (deoxyribose) Nucleotide Answer base + sugar + phosphate Hydrogen bond 2 / 13 Answer When two negatively charged atoms share a hydrogen atom. 8. Gap phase 1 Answer 1st phase. Growth phase. Time spent varies. Mrna and proteins produced for DNA synthesis. mRNA Answer Transfers genetic info from DNA to ribosomes. Responsible for specifying amino acid sequences used to build proteins. DNA synthesis (S phase) Answer DNA duplicated here. ~10-12 hours. G2 of interphase Answer 4-6 hours. Cell growth. Synthesizes proteins and organelles for mitosis. Reorganizes so cell can split in 2 Centrosome Answer Organizes microtubules for cell division. Composed of filament and microtubule fibers. 2 centrioles in center of centrosome Centrioles. Answer Short cylindrical protein filament tubulin plays role in mitotic spindle formation 3 / 13 mitotic phase Answer Mitosis and cytokinesis. Mitosis has 5 subphases. Prophase marked by Answer Condensation of chromatin. Centrosome mvmt. Mitotic spindle formation. Dissolution of nucleus. Prometaphase marked by Answer Contd chromatin condensation. Changes to nuclear envelope. Reorg and changes to mitotic spindle apparatus. Kinetochore Answer At each centromere. Structure for microtubule attachment. 2 regions one for each sister chromatid. Face in opposite directions •Metaphase, marked by Answer Polarization of centrosomes. Chromosome alignment along equatorial line of cell. Kinetochore attachment. Anaphase marked by Answer Separation of sister chromatids. Mvmt of separated chromatids toward centrosome poles. Elongation of cell. Telophase marked by 4 / 13 Answer Reformation of nuclei, some organelles, and nucleoli. Decondensing of chromosomes. Dissolution of spindle microtubule. Mitotic phase completion. Cytokinesis