CTRS Certification Exam 2025/2026
Exam Questions and Verified Answers |
Already Graded A+
Piaget's theory of cognitive development - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Infancy and early
childhood the sensorimotor stage-babies learn by responding to sensory
input from environmental stimuli with motor reactions
Pre-operational stage - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Toddler
Freud 3 basic personality traits - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔id, ego, and superego
id trait - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔generates impulses
ego - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔governs realistic self-preservation
Superego - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Provides conscience
,Theory of Psychosocial Development - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Erikson-
Encompasses the lifespan and emphasizes psychological over
psychosexual development
Infancy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Basic trust vs. mistrust
Toddlerhood - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Autonomy vs shame and doubt-feelings of
personal control and independence with successful toilet-training and other
physical skills
Preschool - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Success exploring and asserting power/control
over the environment brings sense of purpose; destructive power/disproval
brings guilty feelings
School age - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔industry vs inferiority: successfully meeting
academic and social demands brings a sense of failure; feeling inadequete
adolenscence - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Identity role vs confusion: forgiving a
personal identity and sense of self enables being true to one's self
middle adulthood - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Successfully nurturing others and
providing legacies bring feelings of accomplishment and usefulness; failure,
shallow world involvement
,Late adulthood - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Ego integrity vs despair-satisfying life
reviews bring fulfillment and wisdom; failure,, bitterness and regret. Erikson
additionally proposed a ninth, extreme-old-age stage.
Ivan Pavlov - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Discovered classical training-physical
reactions can be evoked by manipulating the stimuli trigger i.e. pairing food
that made dogs salivate with the ringing of a bell
behavior modification - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Behaviorism maintains that to
change any behavior it must be first outwardly observable and measurable.
Baseline MUST be measured.
Heiarchy of needs - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Beginning at the base with
physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher level safety
and the psychological needs become active.
Heirachy of needs order - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Self actualization
Esteem
Love and belonging
Safety
Psychological
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Carl Rogers - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔developed person-centered humanistic
theory.
Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Emphasized the
social context in which learning occurs and the major roles of observation
and motivation in learning-contrast the idea learning requires direct
experience.
Self observation, self-evaluation, self reaction, and self efficacy -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bandura's four interrelated processes that influence
motivation and achieving goals
Self efficacy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔People's individual beliefs in and/or
judgements of their ability for accomplishing specific tasks. More self-
efficacy-more persistent and effort devoted, more likely to succeed.
Magnitude, Strength, and generality - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Three dimensions
wherein self-efficacy judgements are measured
Magnitude - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Whether a person feels a specific task is easy,
medium, or difficult
Exam Questions and Verified Answers |
Already Graded A+
Piaget's theory of cognitive development - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Infancy and early
childhood the sensorimotor stage-babies learn by responding to sensory
input from environmental stimuli with motor reactions
Pre-operational stage - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Toddler
Freud 3 basic personality traits - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔id, ego, and superego
id trait - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔generates impulses
ego - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔governs realistic self-preservation
Superego - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Provides conscience
,Theory of Psychosocial Development - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Erikson-
Encompasses the lifespan and emphasizes psychological over
psychosexual development
Infancy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Basic trust vs. mistrust
Toddlerhood - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Autonomy vs shame and doubt-feelings of
personal control and independence with successful toilet-training and other
physical skills
Preschool - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Success exploring and asserting power/control
over the environment brings sense of purpose; destructive power/disproval
brings guilty feelings
School age - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔industry vs inferiority: successfully meeting
academic and social demands brings a sense of failure; feeling inadequete
adolenscence - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Identity role vs confusion: forgiving a
personal identity and sense of self enables being true to one's self
middle adulthood - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Successfully nurturing others and
providing legacies bring feelings of accomplishment and usefulness; failure,
shallow world involvement
,Late adulthood - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Ego integrity vs despair-satisfying life
reviews bring fulfillment and wisdom; failure,, bitterness and regret. Erikson
additionally proposed a ninth, extreme-old-age stage.
Ivan Pavlov - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Discovered classical training-physical
reactions can be evoked by manipulating the stimuli trigger i.e. pairing food
that made dogs salivate with the ringing of a bell
behavior modification - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Behaviorism maintains that to
change any behavior it must be first outwardly observable and measurable.
Baseline MUST be measured.
Heiarchy of needs - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Beginning at the base with
physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher level safety
and the psychological needs become active.
Heirachy of needs order - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Self actualization
Esteem
Love and belonging
Safety
Psychological
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Carl Rogers - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔developed person-centered humanistic
theory.
Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Emphasized the
social context in which learning occurs and the major roles of observation
and motivation in learning-contrast the idea learning requires direct
experience.
Self observation, self-evaluation, self reaction, and self efficacy -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bandura's four interrelated processes that influence
motivation and achieving goals
Self efficacy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔People's individual beliefs in and/or
judgements of their ability for accomplishing specific tasks. More self-
efficacy-more persistent and effort devoted, more likely to succeed.
Magnitude, Strength, and generality - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Three dimensions
wherein self-efficacy judgements are measured
Magnitude - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Whether a person feels a specific task is easy,
medium, or difficult
