1|Page
WGU D236 PATHO - MEGAN/SHAY’S STUDY
GUIDE; COMPREHENSIVE EXAM WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
How does malignant hypertension differ from benign hypertension? -correct-
answer-Malignant hypertension is high blood pressure that has resulted in
multiple complications.
Benign hypertension is high blood pressure without evidence of end target organ
damage.
HTN is never truly benign in that it causes damage to the endothelium that may
not be evident for years.
A patient presents with a blood pressure of 204/102. The patient complains of
chest palpitations, a headache and blurred vision. What is the patient
experiencing? -correct-answer-Hypertensive crisis
The patient's systolic BP > 180 combined with symptoms of organ damage
indicates hypertensive crisis.
,2|Page
A patient who recently underwent a knee replacement suddenly complains of
severe SOB and anxiety. What disorder is the most likely cause of the patient's
symptoms? -correct-answer-Pulmonary embolism
Patients are at risk for thrombosis and embolism following a major orthopedic
surgery like knee replacement. The patient's sudden onset of symptoms suggests
pulmonary embolism.
A patient asks the provider about a new diagnosis of aortic stenosis.
What does the provider explain about stenosis?
It describes the valve leaflets shifting into the atrium with contraction, due to
thickening of the valve leaflets.
It is caused by calcium deposits forming around the rim of the valve, which
reduces the flexibility of the valve.
It is a failure of the valve to close properly, due to damage to the chordae
tendineae that anchor the valve leaflets.
It is a thickening and narrowing of the valve that decreases the ability of blood to
move through the valve. -correct-answer-It is a thickening and narrowing of the
valve that decreases the ability of blood to move through the valve.
,3|Page
What is the difference between Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Non Hodgkin's
Lymphoma? -correct-answer-The main difference between the two is the specific
lymphocyte each involves.
**Hodgkin's is marked by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, which are not
present in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Signs and Symptoms of Hodgkins Lymphoma -correct-answer-#Painless swelling
of lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin.
#Persistent fatigue
#Fever
#Night sweats
#Losing weight without trying
#Severe itching
#Pain in lymph nodes after drinking alcohol
#Electrolyte imbalance causing palpitations, diarrhea, muscle weakness
What is Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma? -correct-answer-A cancer that starts in white
blood cells called lymphocytes, which are part of the body's immune system. Non-
Hodgkin lymphomas happen when white blood cells known as lymphocytes
mutate or change.
Includes any type of lymphoma except Hodgkin's.
, 4|Page
Lymphomas start in either B or T cells, but B-cell lymphomas are most common.
What is lymphedema?
Swelling or accumulation of fluid due to blockage
Enlargement in one or more lymph nodes, usually due to infection
Enlarged lymph nodes that become palpable and tender
Cancers of lyphocytes residing in the lymphatic vessels. -correct-answer-The
swelling or accumulation of the fluid due to a blockage in the lymphatic system
caused by scar tissues from damaged lymph vessels or lymph nodes.
It is often seen in patients who had their lymph nodes removed and had surgery
or radiation to remove cancer.
What is lymphadenitis?
Swelling or accumulation of fluid due to blockage
WGU D236 PATHO - MEGAN/SHAY’S STUDY
GUIDE; COMPREHENSIVE EXAM WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
How does malignant hypertension differ from benign hypertension? -correct-
answer-Malignant hypertension is high blood pressure that has resulted in
multiple complications.
Benign hypertension is high blood pressure without evidence of end target organ
damage.
HTN is never truly benign in that it causes damage to the endothelium that may
not be evident for years.
A patient presents with a blood pressure of 204/102. The patient complains of
chest palpitations, a headache and blurred vision. What is the patient
experiencing? -correct-answer-Hypertensive crisis
The patient's systolic BP > 180 combined with symptoms of organ damage
indicates hypertensive crisis.
,2|Page
A patient who recently underwent a knee replacement suddenly complains of
severe SOB and anxiety. What disorder is the most likely cause of the patient's
symptoms? -correct-answer-Pulmonary embolism
Patients are at risk for thrombosis and embolism following a major orthopedic
surgery like knee replacement. The patient's sudden onset of symptoms suggests
pulmonary embolism.
A patient asks the provider about a new diagnosis of aortic stenosis.
What does the provider explain about stenosis?
It describes the valve leaflets shifting into the atrium with contraction, due to
thickening of the valve leaflets.
It is caused by calcium deposits forming around the rim of the valve, which
reduces the flexibility of the valve.
It is a failure of the valve to close properly, due to damage to the chordae
tendineae that anchor the valve leaflets.
It is a thickening and narrowing of the valve that decreases the ability of blood to
move through the valve. -correct-answer-It is a thickening and narrowing of the
valve that decreases the ability of blood to move through the valve.
,3|Page
What is the difference between Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Non Hodgkin's
Lymphoma? -correct-answer-The main difference between the two is the specific
lymphocyte each involves.
**Hodgkin's is marked by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, which are not
present in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Signs and Symptoms of Hodgkins Lymphoma -correct-answer-#Painless swelling
of lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin.
#Persistent fatigue
#Fever
#Night sweats
#Losing weight without trying
#Severe itching
#Pain in lymph nodes after drinking alcohol
#Electrolyte imbalance causing palpitations, diarrhea, muscle weakness
What is Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma? -correct-answer-A cancer that starts in white
blood cells called lymphocytes, which are part of the body's immune system. Non-
Hodgkin lymphomas happen when white blood cells known as lymphocytes
mutate or change.
Includes any type of lymphoma except Hodgkin's.
, 4|Page
Lymphomas start in either B or T cells, but B-cell lymphomas are most common.
What is lymphedema?
Swelling or accumulation of fluid due to blockage
Enlargement in one or more lymph nodes, usually due to infection
Enlarged lymph nodes that become palpable and tender
Cancers of lyphocytes residing in the lymphatic vessels. -correct-answer-The
swelling or accumulation of the fluid due to a blockage in the lymphatic system
caused by scar tissues from damaged lymph vessels or lymph nodes.
It is often seen in patients who had their lymph nodes removed and had surgery
or radiation to remove cancer.
What is lymphadenitis?
Swelling or accumulation of fluid due to blockage
