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ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS.
What are basic measures to prevent communicable diseases?
ANSWER✓✓Hand washing• Use PPE• Safe Handling of contaminated sharps equipment• Appropriate
disposal of potentially infectiousmaterials• Community sanitation• Pest Control• Vaccines•
Antimicrobial Medications
What are elements of surveillance?
ANSWER✓✓Laboratory reporting
• Individual case investigation
What does the WHO do?
ANSWER✓✓World Health Organization (WHO)
• WHO maintains surveillance of outbreaksaround the world, and publishes a weeklyreport
What are different types of food infections/intoxication
-communicable disease through food.
ANSWER✓✓Food infection: Sx in 12+ hours
Bacterial: Salmonella
Viral: Hepatitis A, Norovirus
Parasitic: Trichinosis roundworm
intoxication: Sx in min --> hrs (Table 26-4) Staphylococcus aureus toxin Clostridium perfringens/botulism
Lysteria
, What are waterborne communicable diseases?
ANSWER✓✓Enter water through animal or humanfeces
Bacteria: cholera, typhoid, e.coli,dysentery, salmonella, shigella
Virus: hepatitis A, rotavirus
Protozoa: amebic dysentery, giardia,cryptosporidium Transmission: fecal-oral
Surveillance: outbreak = 2+ cases
What are vector borne communicable diseases?
ANSWER✓✓Non-human carriers-(insects)
Transmission: Biological: Vector causes the disease Mechanical: Vector carries agent tohost
(contamination by flies,cockroaches
) Examples: Ticks: Lyme disease, Rocky mountainspotted fever Mosquitoes: Malaria Fleas / rodents:
Plague, Hantavirus
Define zoonoses
ANSWER✓✓Infection transmitted from vertebraeanimal to human Transmission: bites,
inhalation,ingestion, direct contact, anthropods(vectors)
Toxoplasmosis (protozoan of cats) Brucellosis (cattle, sheep, pigs,goats, deer, dogs,coyotes) Rabies (
dogs, skunks, raccoons,bats)
Bovine TB
A disability may...
ANSWER✓✓may not always be obvious based on a person'sappearance because not all disabilities are
visible.• disabilities may be temporary (e.g., broken leg) orlifelong (e.g., Down syndrome)
What are characteristics of disabilities?
ANSWER✓✓Health and Disability People may experience many types ofdisabilities, including difficulties
with:
1. hearing
2. seeing
3. moving
4. thinking