N4410 Pediatrics Exam 1 Questions with
complete solutions
Family Focused
-A paternalistic approach with a narrower perspective
-Care team is viewed as having the expertise
-The patient/family is minimally involved in the assessment and planning but then expected to
follow through with recommendations
Build a bridge between the two to create a better environment and experience
Family Centered
-A collaborative approach with a broader perspective
-family is involved in all phases of assessment and planning; the team and the families each
bring a different but essential and respected expertise to the table.
Build a bridge between the two to create a better environment and experience
Benefits of Family Centered care
-Decreased patient/family stress
-Increased ability to individualized plans of care
-Increased likelihood of adherence to or compliance with plans of care
-Enhanced patient/family learning of new information/skills
-Improved sleep and nutrition
-Decreased disruption of normal patients/family routines and support of ongoing child
,development
-Increased patient/family satisfaction
Psychosocial Development
-Addresses development over the life span
-Consists of eight different stages of development
-Each stage has a crisis that exists so that healthy personality development can occur
-A person must master psychosocial crisis in order to grow and progress to the next stage
development
Developmental milestone
-Infant: birth to 1 year
-Toddler: 1 to 3 year
-Preschool: 3 to 6 year
-School-age: 6 to 12 years
-Adolescence: 12 to 18 years
Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial development
-Stage 1: Basic trust vs Mistrust (1-2 years)
-Realistic trust in others
Ex: Monsters inc (scaring scene)
-Stage 2: Autonomy vs Shame and doubt (2-4 years)
Ex: Finding nemo (swimming in open water)
,-Stage 3: Initiative vs Guilt (4-5 years)
Ex: Inside out (Joy talking about rileys core memories)
-Stage 4: Industry vs inferiority (5-12 years)
Ex: The Incredibles (running scene on track)
-Stage 5: Identify vs Role confusion (13-19 years)
Ex: Minions (the purpose of minions)
Nutritional Guidance
Calorie requirements:
-The smaller they are, the more calories they need
-Preemies: 125-155 kcal/kg/day
-Infant: 105 kcal/kg/day
-Toddlers: 90-100 kcal/kg/day
-Pre-schoolers/school age: 80 to 90 kcal/kg/day
-Adolescent: 2100-2700 cal/day (females), 2700-2800 cal/day (male)
Breastfeeding
-Strongly encouraged due to all of the benefits
-Not all mothers can breastfeed, so must incorporate formula
-Encouragement from nurse can help mothers feel less useless
Breastfeeding pointers
, -Infant breast feeds 8-12 times per day
-Infant should have 6-8 wet diapers/day after 1 week of life
-Infants should stool after feeding or at least 3-4 times a day
Factors affecting milk production
-Infrequent nursing
-Stress, fatigue, nutrition, illness, lack of support
-Decreased fluid intake
-Mastitis
-Decreased milk intake-jaundice and/or physiological jaundice
Benefits of breastmilk
-Anti-infective
-Anti-diabetic
-Anti-allergenic
-Always ready, right temperature, less risk of
contaminant, Sufficient to sustain first 4-6 months of life and its free
Normal weight gain
Neonates (birth to 3 months)
-30 grams/day
-Regain birth weight 10-14 days of life
Infants (3 months-1 year)
complete solutions
Family Focused
-A paternalistic approach with a narrower perspective
-Care team is viewed as having the expertise
-The patient/family is minimally involved in the assessment and planning but then expected to
follow through with recommendations
Build a bridge between the two to create a better environment and experience
Family Centered
-A collaborative approach with a broader perspective
-family is involved in all phases of assessment and planning; the team and the families each
bring a different but essential and respected expertise to the table.
Build a bridge between the two to create a better environment and experience
Benefits of Family Centered care
-Decreased patient/family stress
-Increased ability to individualized plans of care
-Increased likelihood of adherence to or compliance with plans of care
-Enhanced patient/family learning of new information/skills
-Improved sleep and nutrition
-Decreased disruption of normal patients/family routines and support of ongoing child
,development
-Increased patient/family satisfaction
Psychosocial Development
-Addresses development over the life span
-Consists of eight different stages of development
-Each stage has a crisis that exists so that healthy personality development can occur
-A person must master psychosocial crisis in order to grow and progress to the next stage
development
Developmental milestone
-Infant: birth to 1 year
-Toddler: 1 to 3 year
-Preschool: 3 to 6 year
-School-age: 6 to 12 years
-Adolescence: 12 to 18 years
Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial development
-Stage 1: Basic trust vs Mistrust (1-2 years)
-Realistic trust in others
Ex: Monsters inc (scaring scene)
-Stage 2: Autonomy vs Shame and doubt (2-4 years)
Ex: Finding nemo (swimming in open water)
,-Stage 3: Initiative vs Guilt (4-5 years)
Ex: Inside out (Joy talking about rileys core memories)
-Stage 4: Industry vs inferiority (5-12 years)
Ex: The Incredibles (running scene on track)
-Stage 5: Identify vs Role confusion (13-19 years)
Ex: Minions (the purpose of minions)
Nutritional Guidance
Calorie requirements:
-The smaller they are, the more calories they need
-Preemies: 125-155 kcal/kg/day
-Infant: 105 kcal/kg/day
-Toddlers: 90-100 kcal/kg/day
-Pre-schoolers/school age: 80 to 90 kcal/kg/day
-Adolescent: 2100-2700 cal/day (females), 2700-2800 cal/day (male)
Breastfeeding
-Strongly encouraged due to all of the benefits
-Not all mothers can breastfeed, so must incorporate formula
-Encouragement from nurse can help mothers feel less useless
Breastfeeding pointers
, -Infant breast feeds 8-12 times per day
-Infant should have 6-8 wet diapers/day after 1 week of life
-Infants should stool after feeding or at least 3-4 times a day
Factors affecting milk production
-Infrequent nursing
-Stress, fatigue, nutrition, illness, lack of support
-Decreased fluid intake
-Mastitis
-Decreased milk intake-jaundice and/or physiological jaundice
Benefits of breastmilk
-Anti-infective
-Anti-diabetic
-Anti-allergenic
-Always ready, right temperature, less risk of
contaminant, Sufficient to sustain first 4-6 months of life and its free
Normal weight gain
Neonates (birth to 3 months)
-30 grams/day
-Regain birth weight 10-14 days of life
Infants (3 months-1 year)
