GMS 6440 Fundamentals of medical
physiology final
name the levels of organization in the human body starting with a molecule - CORRECT ANSWER
molecule
macromolecule
organelle
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism
what are the levels of organization in the heart - CORRECT ANSWER amino acids --> proteins
proteins --> contraction-filament organelles
organelles --> muscle cells
muscle cells --> muscle tissue
,muscle tissue --> muscle (organ like a heart)
heart --> other organs --> organ system
organ systems --> organism (human being)
what is the definition of anatomy? - CORRECT ANSWER the study of structure (greek for a cutting up)
what is the definition of physiology? - CORRECT ANSWER the study of function (greek for relationship
to nature)
what is structure ALWAYS related to? - CORRECT ANSWER function
what are the characteristics of life? - CORRECT ANSWER respiration
digestion
absorption
assimilation
circulation
excretion
what are the main goals of respiration? - CORRECT ANSWER obtaining oxygen and removing carbon
dioxide from the body
what is the definition of assimilation in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER changing of absorbed
substances into chemically different forms
what happens when homeostasis is out of whack? - CORRECT ANSWER disease, organ systems
malfunctioning
what are the different organ systems in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER skeletal system
muscular system
digestive system
cardiovascular/respiratory system
renal/urinary system
endocrine system
nervous system
what are the major organs in the skeletal system? - CORRECT ANSWER bones
cartilage
bone marrow
how many bones are in the human body? - CORRECT ANSWER 206 bones
, what are the functions of the skeletal system? - CORRECT ANSWER provides support
provides protection
stores calcium/other minerals
forms blood cells
how is skeletal muscle organized? - CORRECT ANSWER muscle attached to tendon
tendon attached to bone
what are the major organs in the muscular system? - CORRECT ANSWER skeletal muscles
associated tendons
how many muscles are there in the body - CORRECT ANSWER 650 muscles
how does the muscular system use the energy in the body - CORRECT ANSWER 40% energy muscle
contraction
60% generate heat
what are the functions of the muscular system - CORRECT ANSWER provides movement
provides protection/support
generates heat to maintain body temperature
what are the two main components of muscles? - CORRECT ANSWER myosin and actin
how many leg muscles are required to walk> - CORRECT ANSWER 12
what is voluntary movement controlled by - CORRECT ANSWER brain
motor neurons
neuromuscular junctions
what are the three different types of muscle types - CORRECT ANSWER skeletal muscle
cardiac muscle
smooth muscle
what two muscle types are involuntary - CORRECT ANSWER smooth and cardiac
what type of muscle is spindle shaped and in irregular bundles with dark nuclei - CORRECT ANSWER
smooth muscle
what type of muscle has striations visible - CORRECT ANSWER skeletal muscle
what type of muscle is in the GI tract (esophagus, stomach) - CORRECT ANSWER smooth muscle
what are the major organs of the digestive system - CORRECT ANSWER teeth, tongue, pharynx
physiology final
name the levels of organization in the human body starting with a molecule - CORRECT ANSWER
molecule
macromolecule
organelle
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism
what are the levels of organization in the heart - CORRECT ANSWER amino acids --> proteins
proteins --> contraction-filament organelles
organelles --> muscle cells
muscle cells --> muscle tissue
,muscle tissue --> muscle (organ like a heart)
heart --> other organs --> organ system
organ systems --> organism (human being)
what is the definition of anatomy? - CORRECT ANSWER the study of structure (greek for a cutting up)
what is the definition of physiology? - CORRECT ANSWER the study of function (greek for relationship
to nature)
what is structure ALWAYS related to? - CORRECT ANSWER function
what are the characteristics of life? - CORRECT ANSWER respiration
digestion
absorption
assimilation
circulation
excretion
what are the main goals of respiration? - CORRECT ANSWER obtaining oxygen and removing carbon
dioxide from the body
what is the definition of assimilation in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER changing of absorbed
substances into chemically different forms
what happens when homeostasis is out of whack? - CORRECT ANSWER disease, organ systems
malfunctioning
what are the different organ systems in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER skeletal system
muscular system
digestive system
cardiovascular/respiratory system
renal/urinary system
endocrine system
nervous system
what are the major organs in the skeletal system? - CORRECT ANSWER bones
cartilage
bone marrow
how many bones are in the human body? - CORRECT ANSWER 206 bones
, what are the functions of the skeletal system? - CORRECT ANSWER provides support
provides protection
stores calcium/other minerals
forms blood cells
how is skeletal muscle organized? - CORRECT ANSWER muscle attached to tendon
tendon attached to bone
what are the major organs in the muscular system? - CORRECT ANSWER skeletal muscles
associated tendons
how many muscles are there in the body - CORRECT ANSWER 650 muscles
how does the muscular system use the energy in the body - CORRECT ANSWER 40% energy muscle
contraction
60% generate heat
what are the functions of the muscular system - CORRECT ANSWER provides movement
provides protection/support
generates heat to maintain body temperature
what are the two main components of muscles? - CORRECT ANSWER myosin and actin
how many leg muscles are required to walk> - CORRECT ANSWER 12
what is voluntary movement controlled by - CORRECT ANSWER brain
motor neurons
neuromuscular junctions
what are the three different types of muscle types - CORRECT ANSWER skeletal muscle
cardiac muscle
smooth muscle
what two muscle types are involuntary - CORRECT ANSWER smooth and cardiac
what type of muscle is spindle shaped and in irregular bundles with dark nuclei - CORRECT ANSWER
smooth muscle
what type of muscle has striations visible - CORRECT ANSWER skeletal muscle
what type of muscle is in the GI tract (esophagus, stomach) - CORRECT ANSWER smooth muscle
what are the major organs of the digestive system - CORRECT ANSWER teeth, tongue, pharynx
