PN 1002 Final Exam Questions and Answers Fully Solved Latest Update 2025-2026
4 ways of knowing - Answers 1. Empirical
2. Personal
3. Aesthetic
4. Ethical
empirical ways of knowing - Answers - verifiable data
- logical reasoning & problem solving
- provides scientific rationals to choose & support nursing interventions
Personal way of knowing - Answers - subjective, concrete & existential
- relational
- connects with humaneness of person's experience
- able to self-check bias'
- able to empathically understand what is happening
Aesthetic way of knowing - Answers - integrating empirical & personal ways of knowing
- moves beyond superficial level
- experientially relate to a person's emotions
Ethical way of knowing - Answers - experience of confronting moral aspects of nursing
- knowledge of right & wrong
- attention to professional standards & codes
- taking responsibility for own actions
- protecting person's autonomy & rights
Caring is... - Answers - intentional actions
- characterized by commitment
- sufficient knowledge & skill to support
Caring actions focus on - Answers Positive outcomes & well-being
, Caring is an integration of... - Answers - compassion
- empathy
- knowledge
- competence
- interdependent in meeting the needs of the person being cared for
Attributes of caring - Answers - giving of self
- involved presence
- intuitive knowing
- empathy
- supporting integrity of the person
- professional competence
All behaviour is .... - Answers Communication
Communication Theory - Answers - every communication has content & relationship
- learn about ourselves & others
- feedback is necessary to know our perceptions about meaning is valid
- silence is a form of communication
2 ways of communication - Answers verbal and non-verbal
verbal communication is - Answers Entails the use of spoken or written words
nonverbal communication is - Answers - Makes use of all 5 senses
- refers to transmission of messages that do not involve spoken or written words
Verbal communication needs to have - Answers - vocabulary understood by both
- a denotative & connotative meaning
- speed of message changes meaning
- intonation gives different meaning
- timing & relevance gives meaning
4 ways of knowing - Answers 1. Empirical
2. Personal
3. Aesthetic
4. Ethical
empirical ways of knowing - Answers - verifiable data
- logical reasoning & problem solving
- provides scientific rationals to choose & support nursing interventions
Personal way of knowing - Answers - subjective, concrete & existential
- relational
- connects with humaneness of person's experience
- able to self-check bias'
- able to empathically understand what is happening
Aesthetic way of knowing - Answers - integrating empirical & personal ways of knowing
- moves beyond superficial level
- experientially relate to a person's emotions
Ethical way of knowing - Answers - experience of confronting moral aspects of nursing
- knowledge of right & wrong
- attention to professional standards & codes
- taking responsibility for own actions
- protecting person's autonomy & rights
Caring is... - Answers - intentional actions
- characterized by commitment
- sufficient knowledge & skill to support
Caring actions focus on - Answers Positive outcomes & well-being
, Caring is an integration of... - Answers - compassion
- empathy
- knowledge
- competence
- interdependent in meeting the needs of the person being cared for
Attributes of caring - Answers - giving of self
- involved presence
- intuitive knowing
- empathy
- supporting integrity of the person
- professional competence
All behaviour is .... - Answers Communication
Communication Theory - Answers - every communication has content & relationship
- learn about ourselves & others
- feedback is necessary to know our perceptions about meaning is valid
- silence is a form of communication
2 ways of communication - Answers verbal and non-verbal
verbal communication is - Answers Entails the use of spoken or written words
nonverbal communication is - Answers - Makes use of all 5 senses
- refers to transmission of messages that do not involve spoken or written words
Verbal communication needs to have - Answers - vocabulary understood by both
- a denotative & connotative meaning
- speed of message changes meaning
- intonation gives different meaning
- timing & relevance gives meaning
