NFDN 1002 OXYGENATION TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED LATEST UPDATE

NFDN 1002 OXYGENATION TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED LATEST UPDATE age relates factors affecting oxygenation - Answers -age related - plaque accumulates and affects gas diffusion , osteoporosis - makes chest become barrel shaped, diminished chest expansion, alveoli enlarge decreasing surface area available for gas exchange, functional cilia is reduced decreasing effectiveness of cough other factors that affect oxygenation - Answers physiological, musculoskeletal -chest wall, curvature of the spine, movement- exercise , lifestyle- obesity, smoking, stress and anxiety, environment Pneumonia - Answers lung infection caused by - aspiration in pharynx, inhalation of microbes, hematogenous spread from somewhere else in body types of pneumonia - Answers 1 community 2 hospital 3 Aspiration - abnormal entry and secretions into lower airways of compromised patients 4 opportunistic - immunocompromised care for pneumonia - Answers -extra fluids to keep mucous membranes moist -small nourishing meals to replace calories lost to energy of breathing - high fowlerspositioning to promote oxygenation -incentive spirometry/ deep breathing -teach patient to take full course of antibiotics -humidified oxygen to loosen secretions COPD -Emphysema & Chronic Bronchitis - Answers emphysema - alveoli become abnormally enlarged and are destroyed therefore narrowing airways chronic bronchitis - obstructive pulmonary disease of larger airways - air becomes trapped leading to dyspnea, hypoventilation, impaired gas exchange - may experience cough, excessive sputum, dyspnea, barrel shaped chest from air trapped in lungs asthma - Answers chronic inflammation of the airways causing obstruction therefore occurring episodes of wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, chest tightness - episodic and unpredictable care for asthma patient - Answers - monitor o2 levels - bronchodilator medications - increase fluids to loosen secretions - calm and reassuring approach to reduce anxiety hypoxemia - Answers insufficient oxygen in arteries hypoxia - Answers lack of adequate oxygen at tissues hypercapnia - Answers elevated CO2 in blood dyspnea - Answers difficult or laboured breathing orthopnea - Answers difficult breathing when laying flat hemoptysis - Answers coughing up of blood arterial blood gas - Answers blood test measuring the pressure exerted by O2 and CO2 -radial, bronchial, femoral arteries signs and symptoms of hypoxemia - Answers dyspnea, tachypnea, decreased LOC, increased work to breathe, agitation, confusion, tacky/bradycardia, cyanosis (late)