NRSG 106 Pharmacology Final Exam Review
A patient has been ordered the powdered form of the bile acid
sequestrant colestipol. Which of the following does the nurse
identify as true?
A. The nurse should have the patient swallow the dose of the
colestipol powder one teaspoonful at a time.
B. The powder should be dissolved and immediately
administered.
C. The colestipol should be administered 1 hour before or 4 to 6
hours after any other oral medication.
D. The colestipol should be administered with meals.
C. The colestipol should be administered 1 hour before or 4 to 6
hours after any other oral medication.
Explanation:
It is important that colestipol and any bile acid sequestrant be
taken 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after any other oral
medication or meals because of the high risk for drug-drug and
drug-food interactions. The powder should be dissolved for 1
full minute before administration and should not be taken in dry
form.
,Which patient would benefit from administration of simvastatin
(Zocor) 80 mg?
A. A patient newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia
B. A patient with muscle aches who was taking another
antilipidemic drug
C. A patient who is taking verapamil
D. A patient who has already been taking simvastatin (Zocor)
for 12 months with no evidence of myopathy
D. A patient who has already been taking simvastatin (Zocor)
for 12 months with no evidence of myopathy
Explanation:
In 2011, the Food and Drug Administration imposed new
prescribing restrictions on simvastatin, stating: “Physicians
should limit using the 80-mg dose unless the patient has already
been taking the drug for 12 months and there is no evidence of
myopathy. Simvastatin 80 mg should not be started in new
patients, including patients already taking lower doses of the
drug.” In patients taking verapamil, the dose of simvastatin is
not to exceed 10 mg.
When administering a loop diuretic to a patient, it is most
important for the nurse to determine if the patient is also taking
which drug?
,A. Lithium (Eskalith)
B. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
C. Penicillin
D. Theophylline
A. Lithium (Eskalith)
Explanation:
Use of loop diuretics with lithium can increase the risk of
lithium toxicity. Drug interactions with loop diuretic therapy can
occur with concurrent use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs), and vancomycin can cause increased neuro-
and ototoxicity when used with loop diuretics. There is no
associated risk of drug interaction when taking acetaminophen,
penicillin, or theophylline with loop diuretics.
A woman who has type 2 DM is now pregnant. She wants to
know whether to take her oral antidiabetic medication. What
instructions will she receive?
A. She should continue the antidiabetic medication at the same
dosage.
B. The antidiabetic medication dosage will be increased
gradually throughout her pregnancy.
C. She will be switched to insulin therapy while she is pregnant.
D. She will not receive any antidiabetic medication while
pregnant and will need to monitor her dietary intake closely.
, C. She will be switched to insulin therapy while she is pregnant.
Explanation:
Oral antidiabetic medications are generally not recommended
for pregnant patients because of a lack of firm safety data.
Insulin therapy is the currently recommended drug therapy for
pregnant women.
The nurse has just administered the morning dose of a patient's
lispro (Humalog) insulin. Just after the injection, the dietary
department calls to inform the patient care unit that breakfast
trays will be 45 minutes late. What will the nurse do next?
A. Inform the patient of the delay.
B. Check the patient's blood glucose levels.
C. Call the dietary department to send a tray immediately.
D. Give the patient food, such as cereal and skim milk, and
juice.
D. Give the patient food, such as cereal and skim milk, and
juice.
Explanation:
Lispro insulin’s onset of action is 15 minutes. It is essential that
a patient with DM eat a meal after injection. Otherwise,
profound hypoglycemia may result.
A patient has been ordered the powdered form of the bile acid
sequestrant colestipol. Which of the following does the nurse
identify as true?
A. The nurse should have the patient swallow the dose of the
colestipol powder one teaspoonful at a time.
B. The powder should be dissolved and immediately
administered.
C. The colestipol should be administered 1 hour before or 4 to 6
hours after any other oral medication.
D. The colestipol should be administered with meals.
C. The colestipol should be administered 1 hour before or 4 to 6
hours after any other oral medication.
Explanation:
It is important that colestipol and any bile acid sequestrant be
taken 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after any other oral
medication or meals because of the high risk for drug-drug and
drug-food interactions. The powder should be dissolved for 1
full minute before administration and should not be taken in dry
form.
,Which patient would benefit from administration of simvastatin
(Zocor) 80 mg?
A. A patient newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia
B. A patient with muscle aches who was taking another
antilipidemic drug
C. A patient who is taking verapamil
D. A patient who has already been taking simvastatin (Zocor)
for 12 months with no evidence of myopathy
D. A patient who has already been taking simvastatin (Zocor)
for 12 months with no evidence of myopathy
Explanation:
In 2011, the Food and Drug Administration imposed new
prescribing restrictions on simvastatin, stating: “Physicians
should limit using the 80-mg dose unless the patient has already
been taking the drug for 12 months and there is no evidence of
myopathy. Simvastatin 80 mg should not be started in new
patients, including patients already taking lower doses of the
drug.” In patients taking verapamil, the dose of simvastatin is
not to exceed 10 mg.
When administering a loop diuretic to a patient, it is most
important for the nurse to determine if the patient is also taking
which drug?
,A. Lithium (Eskalith)
B. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
C. Penicillin
D. Theophylline
A. Lithium (Eskalith)
Explanation:
Use of loop diuretics with lithium can increase the risk of
lithium toxicity. Drug interactions with loop diuretic therapy can
occur with concurrent use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs), and vancomycin can cause increased neuro-
and ototoxicity when used with loop diuretics. There is no
associated risk of drug interaction when taking acetaminophen,
penicillin, or theophylline with loop diuretics.
A woman who has type 2 DM is now pregnant. She wants to
know whether to take her oral antidiabetic medication. What
instructions will she receive?
A. She should continue the antidiabetic medication at the same
dosage.
B. The antidiabetic medication dosage will be increased
gradually throughout her pregnancy.
C. She will be switched to insulin therapy while she is pregnant.
D. She will not receive any antidiabetic medication while
pregnant and will need to monitor her dietary intake closely.
, C. She will be switched to insulin therapy while she is pregnant.
Explanation:
Oral antidiabetic medications are generally not recommended
for pregnant patients because of a lack of firm safety data.
Insulin therapy is the currently recommended drug therapy for
pregnant women.
The nurse has just administered the morning dose of a patient's
lispro (Humalog) insulin. Just after the injection, the dietary
department calls to inform the patient care unit that breakfast
trays will be 45 minutes late. What will the nurse do next?
A. Inform the patient of the delay.
B. Check the patient's blood glucose levels.
C. Call the dietary department to send a tray immediately.
D. Give the patient food, such as cereal and skim milk, and
juice.
D. Give the patient food, such as cereal and skim milk, and
juice.
Explanation:
Lispro insulin’s onset of action is 15 minutes. It is essential that
a patient with DM eat a meal after injection. Otherwise,
profound hypoglycemia may result.
