FULL TEST BANK FOR
$xs $xs $xs
Societies Networks and Transitions A Global History 4th Edition Lockard Questions
$xs $xs $xs $xs $xs $xs $xs $xs $xs $xs
& Answers with rationales
$xs $xs $xs $xs
Chapter $xs1-31
TABLE $xsOF $xsCONTENTS:
Part $xsI. $xsPart $xs1
➢ Chapter $xs1. $xsThe $xsOrigins $xsof $xsHuman $xsSocieties, $xsto $xsca. $xs2000 $xsBCE
➢ Chapter $xs2. $xsAncient $xsSocieties $xsin $xsMesopotamia, $xsIndia, $xsand
$xsCentral $xsAsia, $xs5000–600 $xsBCE
➢ Chapter $xs3. $xsAncient $xsSocieties $xsin $xsAfrica $xsand $xsthe $xsMediterranean,
$xs5000–600 $xsBCE
➢ Chapter $xs4. $xsAround $xsthe $xsPacific $xsRim: $xsEastern $xsEurasia $xsand $xsthe
$xsAmericas, $xs5000–600 $xsBCE
Part $xsII. $xsPart $xsII
➢ Chapter $xs5. $xsClassical $xsSocieties $xsin $xsSouthern $xsand $xsCentral $xsAsia,
$xs600 $xsBCE– $xs600 $xsCE
➢ Chapter $xs6. $xsEurasian $xsConnections $xsand $xsNew $xsTraditions $xsin $xsEast
$xsAsia, $xs600 $xsBCE–600 $xsCE
➢ Chapter $xs7. $xsWestern $xsAsia, $xsthe $xsEastern $xsMediterranean, $xsand
$xsRegional $xsSystems, $xs600–200 $xsBCE
➢ Chapter $xs8. $xsEmpires, $xsNetworks, $xsand $xsthe $xsRemaking $xsof
$xsEurope, $xsNorth $xsAfrica, $xsand $xsWestern $xsAsia, $xs500 $xsBCE–600
$xsCE
➢ Chapter $xs9. $xsClassical $xsSocieties $xsand $xsRegional $xsNetworks $xsin
$xsAfrica, $xsthe $xsAmericas, $xsand $xsOceania, $xs600 $xsBCE–600 $xsCE
Part $xsIII. $xsPart $xsIII
➢ Chapter $xs10. $xsThe $xsRise, $xsPower, $xsand $xsConnections $xsof $xsthe $xsIslamic $xsWorld, $xs600–1500
➢ Chapter $xs11. $xsEast $xsAsian $xsTraditions, $xsTransformations, $xsand $xsEurasian $xsEncounters, $xs600–1500
➢ Chapter $xs12. $xsExpanding $xsHorizons $xsin $xsAfrica $xsand $xsthe $xsAmericas, $xs600–1500
➢ Chapter $xs13. $xsSouth $xsAsia, $xsCentral $xsAsia, $xsSoutheast $xsAsia, $xsand $xsAfro-Eurasian $xsConnections, $xs600–1500
➢ Chapter $xs14. $xsChristian $xsSocieties $xsin $xsMedieval $xsEurope, $xsByzantium, $xsand $xsRussia, $xs600–1500
Part $xsIV. $xsPart $xsIV
➢ Chapter $xs15. $xsGlobal $xsConnections $xsand $xsthe $xsRemaking $xsof $xsEurope, $xs1450–1750
➢ Chapter $xs16. $xsNew $xsChallenges $xsfor $xsAfrica $xsand $xsthe $xsIslamic $xsWorld, $xs1450–175
➢ Chapter $xs17. $xsAmericans, $xsEuropeans, $xsAfricans, $xsand $xsNew $xsSocieties $xsin $xsthe $xsAmericas, $xs1450–1750
➢ Chapter $xs18. $xsSouth $xsAsia, $xsSoutheast $xsAsia, $xsand $xsEast $xsAsia: $xsTriumphs $xsand $xsChallenges, $xs1450–1750
Part $xsV. $xsPart $xsV
➢ Chapter $xs19. $xsModern $xsTransitions: $xsRevolutions, $xsIndustries, $xsIdeologies, $xsEmpires, $xs1750–1914
➢ Chapter $xs20. $xsChanging $xsSocieties $xsin $xsEurope, $xsthe $xsAmericas, $xsand $xsOceania, $xs1750–1914
➢ Chapter $xs21. $xsAfrica, $xsthe $xsMiddle $xsEast, $xsand $xsImperialism, $xs1750–1914
➢ Chapter $xs22. $xsSouth $xsAsia, $xsSoutheast $xsAsia, $xsand $xsColonization, $xs1750–1914
➢ Chapter $xs23. $xsEast $xsAsia $xsand $xsthe $xsRussian $xsEmpire $xsFace $xsNew $xsChallenges, $xs1750–1914
➢ Chapter $xs24. $xsWorld $xsWars, $xsEuropean $xsRevolutions, $xsand $xsGlobal $xsDepression, $xs1914–1945
➢ Chapter $xs25. $xsImperialism $xsand $xsNationalism $xsin $xsAsia, $xsAfrica, $xsand $xsLatin $xsAmerica, $xs1914–1945
Part $xsVI. $xsPart $xsVI
➢ Chapter $xs26. $xsThe $xsRemaking $xsof $xsthe $xsGlobal $xsSystem, $xsSince $xs1945
➢ Chapter $xs27. $xsEast $xsAsian $xsResurgence, $xsSince $xs1945
➢ Chapter $xs28. $xsRebuilding $xsEurope $xsand $xsRussia, $xsSince $xs1945
➢ Chapter $xs29. $xsThe $xsAmericas $xsand $xsthe $xsPacific $xsBasin: $xsNew $xsRoles $xsin $xsthe $xsContemporary $xsWorld, $xsSince $xs1945
➢ Chapter $xs30. $xsThe $xsMiddle $xsEast, $xsSub-Saharan $xsAfrica, $xsand $xsNew $xsConflicts $xsin $xsthe $xsContemporary $xsWorld, $xsSince
$xs1945
➢ Chapter $xs31. $xsSouth $xsAsia, $xsSoutheast $xsAsia, $xsand $xsGlobal $xsConnections, $xsSince $xs1945
,Chapter 01. The Origins of Human Societies, to ca. 2000 BCE
1. Which of the following was the most immediate consequence of Homo habilis’s ability to use tools?
a. A more varied diet
b. The development of mathematics
c. Walking on two instead of four feet
ANSWER: a
2. Which is a plausible assumption, given the presence of Homo erectus fossils found on Pacific islands?
a. They could gather material and assemble watercraft.
b. They evolved at a time when the Pacific islands were connected by land.
c. They were transported there by later humans.
ANSWER: a
3. Why is Africa considered the ―cradle of the human species‖?
a. All evidence of Homo sapiens sapiens is found there.
b. The most recent evidence of Neanderthals has been found there.
c. Most of the oldest evidence of Homo sapiens sapiens has been found there.
ANSWER: c
4. About when did modern humans (Homo sapiens sapiens) appear?
a. About 200,000 years ago
b. About 40,000–100,000 years ago
c. About 10,000 years ago
ANSWER: b
5. Why was the development of langu so important to modern humans?
a. It allowed modern humans to write histories of their origin for later humans such as ourselves.
b. It allowed modern humans to transmit culture, information, and other things more easily and more widely.
c. It allowed modern humans to communicate with archaic human species such as Neanderthals.
ANSWER: b
6. When had modern humans reached every continent?
a. About 20,000 years ago
b. About 70,000 years ago
c. About 10,000 years ago
ANSWER: a
7. How did a reliance on hunting and gathering affect modern human societies?
a. It tended to encour cooperation and prevented great disparities of wealth within communities.
b. It usually brought human communities into regular conflict with one another.
c. It led to very harsh living conditions with no time for creative expression.
, ANSWER: $ x s a
8. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xsis $xstrue $xsabout $xsthe $xsgenetic $xsdifferences $xsbetween $xsmodern $xshumans?
a. There $xsare $xsdifferent $xsbranches $xsof $xsthe $xsmodern $xshuman $xsspecies.
b. There $xsare $xsmany $xsdifferent $xsspecies $xsof $xsmodern $xshumans.
c. These $xsdifferences $xsmean $xsonly $xsthat $xswe $xslook $xsdifferent $xsto $xsone $xsanother $xsand $xsare $xsotherwise $xsinsignificant.
ANSWER: $ x s c
9. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xspractices $xsdefines $xsthe $xsNeolithic $xsperiod, $xsaccording $xsto $xsmost $xsscholars?
a. Farming
b. Hunting
c. Langu
ANSWER: $ x s a
10. How $xsdid $xsa $xschange $xsin $xsdiet $xsduring $xsthe $xsNeolithic $xsperiod $xsaffect $xsthe $xsrole $xsof $xswomen?
a. Neolithic $xswomen $xsprobably $xswere $xsrelegated $xsto $xssubservient $xsroles $xsas $xsfood $xspreparers $xsonly.
b. Neolithic $xswomen $xsprobably $xsenjoyed $xsan $xsimportant $xsstatus $xsbecause $xsof $xstheir $xsknowledge $xsof $xsdomesticable $xsplants.
c. Neolithic $xswomen $xsprobably $xswere $xsnot $xsaffected $xsby $xschanges $xsin $xsdiet $xsduring $xsthis $xstime.
ANSWER: $ x s b
11. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xsinferences $xsis $xsmost $xsplausible, $xsgiven $xsfindings $xsof $xstextiles, $xspottery, $xsand $xsbaskets
made $xsby $xsmodern $xshumans $xsmore $xsthan $xs20,000 $xsyears $xsago?
$xs
a. Modern $xshumans $xspossessed $xsadvanced $xsengineering $xsand $xsarchitectural $xstechniques.
b. Modern $xshumans $xstraded $xswith $xsother $xsarchaic $xspeoples $xsto $xsget $xsvaluable $xsfinished $xsgoods.
c. Modern $xshumans $xshad $xsenough $xsaccess $xsto $xsfood $xsand $xsother $xsnatural $xsresources $xsto $xsneed $xsto $xsstore $xssurpluses.
ANSWER: $ x s c
12. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xsis $xsa $xsconsequence $xsof $xsthe $xsdomestication $xsof $xsanimals?
a. Farming $xsbecame $xseasier.
b. Food $xsresources $xsbecame $xsscarcer.
c. Humans $xswere $xsless $xslikely $xsto $xscontract $xsdiseases.
ANSWER: $ x s a
13. What $xswere $xsthe $xsrisks $xsof $xsrelying $xson $xsfarming $xsas $xsa $xsmeans $xsof $xssubsistence?
a. Farms $xsdepended $xson $xsnatural $xssystems $xsand $xscould $xsbe $xsattacked.
b. Farms $xsdid $xsnot $xsallow $xspeople $xsto $xslive $xsin $xsone $xsplace $xsfor $xsvery $xslong.
c. Farms $xswere $xsdifficult $xsto $xsoperate $xsfor $xsmore $xsthan $xsa $xsfew $xsyears.
ANSWER: $ x s a
14. How $xsdid $xsrelying $xson $xsfarming $xsas $xsa $xsmeans $xsof $xssubsistence $xsaffect $xshuman $xscommunities?
a. It $xsled $xsmost $xsto $xsbecome $xsfarmers, $xsdramatically $xsincreasing $xsthe $xsfood $xssupply.
b. It $xsallowed $xssome $xspeople $xsto $xsspecialize $xsin $xsother $xscrafts $xsinstead $xsof $xsproducing $xsfood.
c. It $xsled $xsto $xsmore $xsdispersed $xssettlements $xsover $xsacres $xsof $xsfarmland.
ANSWER: $ x s b
, 15. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xswas $xsnot $xsa $xsreason $xsthat $xsearly $xscities $xsarose?
a. To $xsprotect $xsagainst $xsdiseases
b. To $xsserve $xsas $xsmeeting $xsplaces $xsfor $xstrade $xsand $xsreligious $xsactivities
c. To $xshouse $xsartisans, $xscraftsmen, $xsand $xsleaders $xswho $xsdid $xsnot $xsfarm $xsthemselves
ANSWER: $ x s a
16. How $xsdid $xsearly $xsurban $xslife $xscontribute $xsto $xsthe $xsrise $xsof $xssocial $xshierarchies?
a. Cities $xswere $xsrife $xswith $xscrime, $xsleading $xsmany $xsto $xsbecome $xsdependent $xson $xsthreatening $xspowerful $xspeople.
b. Cities $xswere $xsplaces $xsof $xswealth $xsand $xsspecialization, $xswhich $xscreated $xsgroups $xswith $xsmore $xswealth $xsand
authority $xsthan $xsothers.
$xs
c. Cities $xswere $xstypically $xstaken $xsover $xsby $xsIndo-European $xspastoralists, $xswho $xsimposed $xstheir $xsown $xslaws.
ANSWER: $ x s b
17. Where $xsdid $xstrade $xsamong $xsearly $xshuman $xscommunities $xsmostly $xstake $xsplace?
a. In $xsearly $xscities
b. In $xsmeeting $xshouses $xson $xsthe $xsborder
c. On $xsfarms
ANSWER: $ x s a
18. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xsearly $xshuman $xspractices $xswas $xsprimarily $xsused $xsto$xsfacilitate $xsconnections $xsbetween
early $xshuman $xscommunities?
$xs
a. Religion
b. Taxation
c. Writing
ANSWER: $ x s c
19. How $xsdid $xsmetalworking $xstechnology $xsinfluence $xsrelations $xsbetween $xsearly $xshuman $xsstates?
a. It $xsmade $xswarfare $xsmore $xsdeadly.
b. It $xswas $xsused $xsas $xsa $xscommon $xscurrency.
c. It $xsgave $xscraftsmen $xsa $xsmuch $xshigher $xsstatus.
ANSWER: $ x s a
20. How $xsdid $xsreligion $xschange $xsas $xsa $xsresult $xsof $xsurbanization $xsand $xsgreater $xsconnections $xsbetween $xsearly $xshuman
communities?
$xs
a. It $xsbecame $xsmore $xsdiverse $xsand $xsdecentralized.
b. It $xsbecame $xsmore $xsstandardized $xsas $xspart $xsof $xsa $xscity’s $xsidentity.
c. Most $xscities $xsbegan $xsworshipping $xsthe $xssame $xsgod.
ANSWER: $ x s b
21. Which $xspiece $xsof $xsarchaeological $xsevidence $xsbest $xssuggests $xsthat $xsearly $xshumans $xswere $xscapable $xsof $xscreative
expression $xsand $xsartistic $xstechniques?
$xs
a. The $xsLaetoli $xsfootprints
b. DNA $xsresearch $xson $xsNative $xsAmerican $xsremains
c. The $xsAltamira $xscave $xspainting
ANSWER: $ x s c
$xs $xs $xs
Societies Networks and Transitions A Global History 4th Edition Lockard Questions
$xs $xs $xs $xs $xs $xs $xs $xs $xs $xs
& Answers with rationales
$xs $xs $xs $xs
Chapter $xs1-31
TABLE $xsOF $xsCONTENTS:
Part $xsI. $xsPart $xs1
➢ Chapter $xs1. $xsThe $xsOrigins $xsof $xsHuman $xsSocieties, $xsto $xsca. $xs2000 $xsBCE
➢ Chapter $xs2. $xsAncient $xsSocieties $xsin $xsMesopotamia, $xsIndia, $xsand
$xsCentral $xsAsia, $xs5000–600 $xsBCE
➢ Chapter $xs3. $xsAncient $xsSocieties $xsin $xsAfrica $xsand $xsthe $xsMediterranean,
$xs5000–600 $xsBCE
➢ Chapter $xs4. $xsAround $xsthe $xsPacific $xsRim: $xsEastern $xsEurasia $xsand $xsthe
$xsAmericas, $xs5000–600 $xsBCE
Part $xsII. $xsPart $xsII
➢ Chapter $xs5. $xsClassical $xsSocieties $xsin $xsSouthern $xsand $xsCentral $xsAsia,
$xs600 $xsBCE– $xs600 $xsCE
➢ Chapter $xs6. $xsEurasian $xsConnections $xsand $xsNew $xsTraditions $xsin $xsEast
$xsAsia, $xs600 $xsBCE–600 $xsCE
➢ Chapter $xs7. $xsWestern $xsAsia, $xsthe $xsEastern $xsMediterranean, $xsand
$xsRegional $xsSystems, $xs600–200 $xsBCE
➢ Chapter $xs8. $xsEmpires, $xsNetworks, $xsand $xsthe $xsRemaking $xsof
$xsEurope, $xsNorth $xsAfrica, $xsand $xsWestern $xsAsia, $xs500 $xsBCE–600
$xsCE
➢ Chapter $xs9. $xsClassical $xsSocieties $xsand $xsRegional $xsNetworks $xsin
$xsAfrica, $xsthe $xsAmericas, $xsand $xsOceania, $xs600 $xsBCE–600 $xsCE
Part $xsIII. $xsPart $xsIII
➢ Chapter $xs10. $xsThe $xsRise, $xsPower, $xsand $xsConnections $xsof $xsthe $xsIslamic $xsWorld, $xs600–1500
➢ Chapter $xs11. $xsEast $xsAsian $xsTraditions, $xsTransformations, $xsand $xsEurasian $xsEncounters, $xs600–1500
➢ Chapter $xs12. $xsExpanding $xsHorizons $xsin $xsAfrica $xsand $xsthe $xsAmericas, $xs600–1500
➢ Chapter $xs13. $xsSouth $xsAsia, $xsCentral $xsAsia, $xsSoutheast $xsAsia, $xsand $xsAfro-Eurasian $xsConnections, $xs600–1500
➢ Chapter $xs14. $xsChristian $xsSocieties $xsin $xsMedieval $xsEurope, $xsByzantium, $xsand $xsRussia, $xs600–1500
Part $xsIV. $xsPart $xsIV
➢ Chapter $xs15. $xsGlobal $xsConnections $xsand $xsthe $xsRemaking $xsof $xsEurope, $xs1450–1750
➢ Chapter $xs16. $xsNew $xsChallenges $xsfor $xsAfrica $xsand $xsthe $xsIslamic $xsWorld, $xs1450–175
➢ Chapter $xs17. $xsAmericans, $xsEuropeans, $xsAfricans, $xsand $xsNew $xsSocieties $xsin $xsthe $xsAmericas, $xs1450–1750
➢ Chapter $xs18. $xsSouth $xsAsia, $xsSoutheast $xsAsia, $xsand $xsEast $xsAsia: $xsTriumphs $xsand $xsChallenges, $xs1450–1750
Part $xsV. $xsPart $xsV
➢ Chapter $xs19. $xsModern $xsTransitions: $xsRevolutions, $xsIndustries, $xsIdeologies, $xsEmpires, $xs1750–1914
➢ Chapter $xs20. $xsChanging $xsSocieties $xsin $xsEurope, $xsthe $xsAmericas, $xsand $xsOceania, $xs1750–1914
➢ Chapter $xs21. $xsAfrica, $xsthe $xsMiddle $xsEast, $xsand $xsImperialism, $xs1750–1914
➢ Chapter $xs22. $xsSouth $xsAsia, $xsSoutheast $xsAsia, $xsand $xsColonization, $xs1750–1914
➢ Chapter $xs23. $xsEast $xsAsia $xsand $xsthe $xsRussian $xsEmpire $xsFace $xsNew $xsChallenges, $xs1750–1914
➢ Chapter $xs24. $xsWorld $xsWars, $xsEuropean $xsRevolutions, $xsand $xsGlobal $xsDepression, $xs1914–1945
➢ Chapter $xs25. $xsImperialism $xsand $xsNationalism $xsin $xsAsia, $xsAfrica, $xsand $xsLatin $xsAmerica, $xs1914–1945
Part $xsVI. $xsPart $xsVI
➢ Chapter $xs26. $xsThe $xsRemaking $xsof $xsthe $xsGlobal $xsSystem, $xsSince $xs1945
➢ Chapter $xs27. $xsEast $xsAsian $xsResurgence, $xsSince $xs1945
➢ Chapter $xs28. $xsRebuilding $xsEurope $xsand $xsRussia, $xsSince $xs1945
➢ Chapter $xs29. $xsThe $xsAmericas $xsand $xsthe $xsPacific $xsBasin: $xsNew $xsRoles $xsin $xsthe $xsContemporary $xsWorld, $xsSince $xs1945
➢ Chapter $xs30. $xsThe $xsMiddle $xsEast, $xsSub-Saharan $xsAfrica, $xsand $xsNew $xsConflicts $xsin $xsthe $xsContemporary $xsWorld, $xsSince
$xs1945
➢ Chapter $xs31. $xsSouth $xsAsia, $xsSoutheast $xsAsia, $xsand $xsGlobal $xsConnections, $xsSince $xs1945
,Chapter 01. The Origins of Human Societies, to ca. 2000 BCE
1. Which of the following was the most immediate consequence of Homo habilis’s ability to use tools?
a. A more varied diet
b. The development of mathematics
c. Walking on two instead of four feet
ANSWER: a
2. Which is a plausible assumption, given the presence of Homo erectus fossils found on Pacific islands?
a. They could gather material and assemble watercraft.
b. They evolved at a time when the Pacific islands were connected by land.
c. They were transported there by later humans.
ANSWER: a
3. Why is Africa considered the ―cradle of the human species‖?
a. All evidence of Homo sapiens sapiens is found there.
b. The most recent evidence of Neanderthals has been found there.
c. Most of the oldest evidence of Homo sapiens sapiens has been found there.
ANSWER: c
4. About when did modern humans (Homo sapiens sapiens) appear?
a. About 200,000 years ago
b. About 40,000–100,000 years ago
c. About 10,000 years ago
ANSWER: b
5. Why was the development of langu so important to modern humans?
a. It allowed modern humans to write histories of their origin for later humans such as ourselves.
b. It allowed modern humans to transmit culture, information, and other things more easily and more widely.
c. It allowed modern humans to communicate with archaic human species such as Neanderthals.
ANSWER: b
6. When had modern humans reached every continent?
a. About 20,000 years ago
b. About 70,000 years ago
c. About 10,000 years ago
ANSWER: a
7. How did a reliance on hunting and gathering affect modern human societies?
a. It tended to encour cooperation and prevented great disparities of wealth within communities.
b. It usually brought human communities into regular conflict with one another.
c. It led to very harsh living conditions with no time for creative expression.
, ANSWER: $ x s a
8. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xsis $xstrue $xsabout $xsthe $xsgenetic $xsdifferences $xsbetween $xsmodern $xshumans?
a. There $xsare $xsdifferent $xsbranches $xsof $xsthe $xsmodern $xshuman $xsspecies.
b. There $xsare $xsmany $xsdifferent $xsspecies $xsof $xsmodern $xshumans.
c. These $xsdifferences $xsmean $xsonly $xsthat $xswe $xslook $xsdifferent $xsto $xsone $xsanother $xsand $xsare $xsotherwise $xsinsignificant.
ANSWER: $ x s c
9. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xspractices $xsdefines $xsthe $xsNeolithic $xsperiod, $xsaccording $xsto $xsmost $xsscholars?
a. Farming
b. Hunting
c. Langu
ANSWER: $ x s a
10. How $xsdid $xsa $xschange $xsin $xsdiet $xsduring $xsthe $xsNeolithic $xsperiod $xsaffect $xsthe $xsrole $xsof $xswomen?
a. Neolithic $xswomen $xsprobably $xswere $xsrelegated $xsto $xssubservient $xsroles $xsas $xsfood $xspreparers $xsonly.
b. Neolithic $xswomen $xsprobably $xsenjoyed $xsan $xsimportant $xsstatus $xsbecause $xsof $xstheir $xsknowledge $xsof $xsdomesticable $xsplants.
c. Neolithic $xswomen $xsprobably $xswere $xsnot $xsaffected $xsby $xschanges $xsin $xsdiet $xsduring $xsthis $xstime.
ANSWER: $ x s b
11. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xsinferences $xsis $xsmost $xsplausible, $xsgiven $xsfindings $xsof $xstextiles, $xspottery, $xsand $xsbaskets
made $xsby $xsmodern $xshumans $xsmore $xsthan $xs20,000 $xsyears $xsago?
$xs
a. Modern $xshumans $xspossessed $xsadvanced $xsengineering $xsand $xsarchitectural $xstechniques.
b. Modern $xshumans $xstraded $xswith $xsother $xsarchaic $xspeoples $xsto $xsget $xsvaluable $xsfinished $xsgoods.
c. Modern $xshumans $xshad $xsenough $xsaccess $xsto $xsfood $xsand $xsother $xsnatural $xsresources $xsto $xsneed $xsto $xsstore $xssurpluses.
ANSWER: $ x s c
12. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xsis $xsa $xsconsequence $xsof $xsthe $xsdomestication $xsof $xsanimals?
a. Farming $xsbecame $xseasier.
b. Food $xsresources $xsbecame $xsscarcer.
c. Humans $xswere $xsless $xslikely $xsto $xscontract $xsdiseases.
ANSWER: $ x s a
13. What $xswere $xsthe $xsrisks $xsof $xsrelying $xson $xsfarming $xsas $xsa $xsmeans $xsof $xssubsistence?
a. Farms $xsdepended $xson $xsnatural $xssystems $xsand $xscould $xsbe $xsattacked.
b. Farms $xsdid $xsnot $xsallow $xspeople $xsto $xslive $xsin $xsone $xsplace $xsfor $xsvery $xslong.
c. Farms $xswere $xsdifficult $xsto $xsoperate $xsfor $xsmore $xsthan $xsa $xsfew $xsyears.
ANSWER: $ x s a
14. How $xsdid $xsrelying $xson $xsfarming $xsas $xsa $xsmeans $xsof $xssubsistence $xsaffect $xshuman $xscommunities?
a. It $xsled $xsmost $xsto $xsbecome $xsfarmers, $xsdramatically $xsincreasing $xsthe $xsfood $xssupply.
b. It $xsallowed $xssome $xspeople $xsto $xsspecialize $xsin $xsother $xscrafts $xsinstead $xsof $xsproducing $xsfood.
c. It $xsled $xsto $xsmore $xsdispersed $xssettlements $xsover $xsacres $xsof $xsfarmland.
ANSWER: $ x s b
, 15. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xswas $xsnot $xsa $xsreason $xsthat $xsearly $xscities $xsarose?
a. To $xsprotect $xsagainst $xsdiseases
b. To $xsserve $xsas $xsmeeting $xsplaces $xsfor $xstrade $xsand $xsreligious $xsactivities
c. To $xshouse $xsartisans, $xscraftsmen, $xsand $xsleaders $xswho $xsdid $xsnot $xsfarm $xsthemselves
ANSWER: $ x s a
16. How $xsdid $xsearly $xsurban $xslife $xscontribute $xsto $xsthe $xsrise $xsof $xssocial $xshierarchies?
a. Cities $xswere $xsrife $xswith $xscrime, $xsleading $xsmany $xsto $xsbecome $xsdependent $xson $xsthreatening $xspowerful $xspeople.
b. Cities $xswere $xsplaces $xsof $xswealth $xsand $xsspecialization, $xswhich $xscreated $xsgroups $xswith $xsmore $xswealth $xsand
authority $xsthan $xsothers.
$xs
c. Cities $xswere $xstypically $xstaken $xsover $xsby $xsIndo-European $xspastoralists, $xswho $xsimposed $xstheir $xsown $xslaws.
ANSWER: $ x s b
17. Where $xsdid $xstrade $xsamong $xsearly $xshuman $xscommunities $xsmostly $xstake $xsplace?
a. In $xsearly $xscities
b. In $xsmeeting $xshouses $xson $xsthe $xsborder
c. On $xsfarms
ANSWER: $ x s a
18. Which $xsof $xsthe $xsfollowing $xsearly $xshuman $xspractices $xswas $xsprimarily $xsused $xsto$xsfacilitate $xsconnections $xsbetween
early $xshuman $xscommunities?
$xs
a. Religion
b. Taxation
c. Writing
ANSWER: $ x s c
19. How $xsdid $xsmetalworking $xstechnology $xsinfluence $xsrelations $xsbetween $xsearly $xshuman $xsstates?
a. It $xsmade $xswarfare $xsmore $xsdeadly.
b. It $xswas $xsused $xsas $xsa $xscommon $xscurrency.
c. It $xsgave $xscraftsmen $xsa $xsmuch $xshigher $xsstatus.
ANSWER: $ x s a
20. How $xsdid $xsreligion $xschange $xsas $xsa $xsresult $xsof $xsurbanization $xsand $xsgreater $xsconnections $xsbetween $xsearly $xshuman
communities?
$xs
a. It $xsbecame $xsmore $xsdiverse $xsand $xsdecentralized.
b. It $xsbecame $xsmore $xsstandardized $xsas $xspart $xsof $xsa $xscity’s $xsidentity.
c. Most $xscities $xsbegan $xsworshipping $xsthe $xssame $xsgod.
ANSWER: $ x s b
21. Which $xspiece $xsof $xsarchaeological $xsevidence $xsbest $xssuggests $xsthat $xsearly $xshumans $xswere $xscapable $xsof $xscreative
expression $xsand $xsartistic $xstechniques?
$xs
a. The $xsLaetoli $xsfootprints
b. DNA $xsresearch $xson $xsNative $xsAmerican $xsremains
c. The $xsAltamira $xscave $xspainting
ANSWER: $ x s c
