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Biology 100 Exam 2 – Chapter 4 & 11 (2025/2026) – 120+ Verified Q&A on Enzymes, Energy, Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration, Digestion, Circulation & Plant Systems

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This expertly crafted exam review for Biology 100 Exam 2 includes over 120 detailed and verified multiple-choice questions with correct answers, covering Chapters 4 and 11 of the 2025/2026 curriculum. Designed for introductory biology students, this document focuses on advanced foundational biology concepts including enzymatic activity, photosynthesis, cellular respiration, human digestion, and plant physiology. Students in pre-nursing, allied health, education, general biology, and life sciences will find this resource especially useful for preparing for midterms or cumulative chapter exams. The Q&A format supports rapid learning, exam practice, and concept mastery. Main topics include: – Enzymes & Metabolism: enzyme structure, active site specificity, induced fit model, enzyme-substrate complex, activation energy, and how enzymes accelerate biochemical reactions – Energy in Biology: types of biological energy (kinetic, potential, chemical), conservation of energy, ATP function, and energy transformations – Photosynthesis: light reactions vs. Calvin cycle, role of chlorophyll, thylakoid membranes, electron transport, inputs/outputs, photosystems, and oxygen production – Cellular Respiration: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain, ATP synthesis, mitochondria function, role of oxygen, and anaerobic respiration pathways – Digestion & Absorption: role of saliva, pepsin, bile, absorption in small intestine, enzyme action in oral cavity and stomach, and the path of food through the alimentary canal – Circulatory & Gas Exchange Systems: blood components (plasma, RBCs, WBCs, platelets), oxygen and carbon dioxide transport, hemoglobin, alveoli, and double circulation – Plant Structure & Function: dermal, vascular, and ground tissue systems, stomata, guard cells, transpiration, adhesion/cohesion, photosynthesis in mesophyll – Scientific Concepts in Context: practical applications of biochemical and physiological processes in everyday life and environmental systems Ideal for: – Students enrolled in Biology 100 or General Biology II courses – Learners preparing for chapter exams, quizzes, or comprehensive assessments – Pre-nursing and health science majors seeking solid understanding of cellular and systems biology – Students needing a reliable, quick-reference guide aligned with textbook chapters and lecture material All questions are structured to reflect real exam difficulty and terminology. This document is fully updated for current academic standards and formatted for clarity and effectiveness. Keywords: enzymes, activation energy, enzyme-substrate complex, ATP, potential energy, photosynthesis, light reactions, Calvin cycle, chloroplast, cellular respiration, mitochondria, glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain, digestion, bile, alimentary canal, absorption, red blood cells, hemoglobin, plant tissues, transpiration, stomata, gas exchange, mesophyll, intro biology exam 2

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Biology 100 Exam 2 Chapter 4, 11
2025/2026 Exam Questions and Correct
Answers | New Update



What might lead to a protein that does not function properly?




A. The active site becoming distorted

B. The active site becoming blocked

C. Incorrect folding of the amino acid chain


D. All of these - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔D. All of those


Organic molecules that end in the suffix "-ase" often function as ________

molecules.

,A. transport

B. storage

C. enzymatic


D. structural - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔C. Enzymatic


Which statement is true of enzymes?




A. Enzymes can be either proteins or RNA molecules.

B. When a cell makes an enzyme, it makes many copies.

C. Their substrate specificity involves matching of shapes.

D. Both (a) and (b).


E. (a), (b), and (c). - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔E. Enzymes do all of these things


What's false?

(1) Enzymes may change shape when they bind substrates;

(2) Enzymes provide no energy for the reaction, except collision energy;

(3) Enzymes may release substrates.

,A. None of the statements is false.

B. Statement 1 is false.

C. Statement 2 is false.

D. Statement 3 is false.


E. All three statements are false. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A. None of the

statements is false.

How can "induced fit" influence the specificity of an enzyme?




A. It can not influence the specificity of an enzyme.

B. It moves the reactive portion of the enzyme closer to the substrate.

C. The enzyme's active site changes shape to fit the correct substrate but

not other molecules.

D. Both (b) and (c).


E. None of the above. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔D. Both (b) and (c).


Enzymes speed reactions mainly by ...




3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

, A. providing activation energy.

B. protecting the catalysts.

C. lowering EA.

D. raising the kinetic energy of the reactants.


E. None of the above. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔C. Lowering EA.


Which fact is most important in explaining how enzymes speed reactions?




A. It takes less energy to break a hydrogen bond than a covalent bond.

B. Very low potential energy tends to make molecules unstable.

C. Large molecules collide more energetically than small molecules.

D. Every reaction step adds to the time required for the overall reaction.

E. High-energy collisions are less common than low-energy collisions. -

🧠ANSWER ✔✔E. High-energy collisions are less common than low-energy

collisions.

In an experiment with an enzyme, the 58th amino acid seems to form a

covalent bond with a substrate molecule as part of the catalytic process.

What would you say?

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