NURS 4341 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH 100% SOLVED
SOLUTIONS!!
conception and fertilization require Answer - favorable pH and cervical mucus
embryonic stage Answer - most critical time in development of organs and
external features (day 15-8 weeks after conception)
at the end of 8 weeks Answer - - all organ systems are present
- baby is most vulnerable to teratogens during this time
all women of childbearing age should be taking Answer - folic acid
placenta Answer - - protects fetus from immune attack by the mother
- induces mother to bring more food to placenta
- near time of delivery produces hormones that ready fetal organs for life
outside uterus
hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) Answer - - preserves corpus luteum and
its progesterone production so endometrial lining is maintained
- basis for pregnancy test
hPL (human placental lactogen) or hCS (human chorionic
somatomammotropin) Answer - - modulates fetal and maternal metabolism
and development of maternal breasts for lactation
,- decreases maternal glucose use to increase availability to fetus
estrogen (estriol) Answer - - enlargement of breasts, uterus, external genitalia
- stimulates myometrial contracility
progesterone (progestin) Answer - - maintains endometrium
- decreases contractility of uterus
- stimulates breast development
- provides nourishment for early conceptus
relaxin Answer - - causes relaxation of pelvic ligaments
- softens cervix in preparation for birth
umbilical cord arteries Answer - carry deoxygenated blood away from fetus to
the placenta
umbilical cord vein Answer - carries oxygenated blood from placenta to fetus
wharton jelly Answer - specialized connective tissue that surrounds the three
blood vessels to prevent compression
amnion Answer - covers the umbilical cord and fuses with the chorion on fetal
side of placenta
chorion Answer - - chorionic villi burrow into decidua and become placenta
- "c" for caring = maternal body
, amniotic fluid Answer - - surrounds embryo and increases in volume as
pregnancy progresses
- reaches about 1 L at term
- derived from fluid transported from maternal blood across the amnion (98%
water, 2% organic matter)
amniotic fluid functions Answer - - thermoregulation
- oral fluid
- cushion from trauma
- freedom of movement for musculoskeletal development
- fetal lung development
amniotic fluid contains Answer - - albumin
- urea
- uric acid
- creatinine
- lecithin
- sphingomyelin
- bilirubin
- fructose
- fat
- leukocytes
- proteins
- epithelial cells
- enzymes
- lanugo
SOLUTIONS!!
conception and fertilization require Answer - favorable pH and cervical mucus
embryonic stage Answer - most critical time in development of organs and
external features (day 15-8 weeks after conception)
at the end of 8 weeks Answer - - all organ systems are present
- baby is most vulnerable to teratogens during this time
all women of childbearing age should be taking Answer - folic acid
placenta Answer - - protects fetus from immune attack by the mother
- induces mother to bring more food to placenta
- near time of delivery produces hormones that ready fetal organs for life
outside uterus
hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) Answer - - preserves corpus luteum and
its progesterone production so endometrial lining is maintained
- basis for pregnancy test
hPL (human placental lactogen) or hCS (human chorionic
somatomammotropin) Answer - - modulates fetal and maternal metabolism
and development of maternal breasts for lactation
,- decreases maternal glucose use to increase availability to fetus
estrogen (estriol) Answer - - enlargement of breasts, uterus, external genitalia
- stimulates myometrial contracility
progesterone (progestin) Answer - - maintains endometrium
- decreases contractility of uterus
- stimulates breast development
- provides nourishment for early conceptus
relaxin Answer - - causes relaxation of pelvic ligaments
- softens cervix in preparation for birth
umbilical cord arteries Answer - carry deoxygenated blood away from fetus to
the placenta
umbilical cord vein Answer - carries oxygenated blood from placenta to fetus
wharton jelly Answer - specialized connective tissue that surrounds the three
blood vessels to prevent compression
amnion Answer - covers the umbilical cord and fuses with the chorion on fetal
side of placenta
chorion Answer - - chorionic villi burrow into decidua and become placenta
- "c" for caring = maternal body
, amniotic fluid Answer - - surrounds embryo and increases in volume as
pregnancy progresses
- reaches about 1 L at term
- derived from fluid transported from maternal blood across the amnion (98%
water, 2% organic matter)
amniotic fluid functions Answer - - thermoregulation
- oral fluid
- cushion from trauma
- freedom of movement for musculoskeletal development
- fetal lung development
amniotic fluid contains Answer - - albumin
- urea
- uric acid
- creatinine
- lecithin
- sphingomyelin
- bilirubin
- fructose
- fat
- leukocytes
- proteins
- epithelial cells
- enzymes
- lanugo
