High-Yield Facts in Pediatrics: Key Conditions and
Treatments Exam With complete solution–Expert Verified |
Latest Questions 2025
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease - Avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
Avascular necrosis - Bone tissue death due to insufficient blood supply.
Painless limp - Common symptom in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.
SCFE - Slipped capital femoral epiphysis; painful hip condition.
Growth spurt - Period of rapid growth in children.
Bilateral SCFE - Occurs in 40%-50% of SCFE cases.
Dull hip pain - Common presentation in SCFE patients.
X-rays - Diagnostic imaging for hip conditions.
Cobb angle - Measurement for scoliosis severity; >10 degrees.
Scoliosis - Lateral curvature of the spine.
Hip abduction - Movement away from the midline of the body.
Petrie cast - Used for hip abduction in treatment.
Osteotomy - Surgical procedure to realign bones.
Joint contractures - Permanent tightening of muscles around joints.
Thigh muscle atrophy - Muscle wasting in the thigh region.
Endocrinopathies - Disorders of hormone-producing glands.
Hypothyroidism - Underactive thyroid condition affecting growth.
Chondrolysis - Degeneration of cartilage in joints.
AVN - Avascular necrosis; risk in SCFE.
Referred knee pain - Pain felt in the knee from hip issues.
, Stable SCFE - Condition where the patient can bear weight.
Unstable SCFE - Condition with restricted ROM and weight-bearing.
Septic joint - Infection in the joint cavity.
Toxic synovitis - Inflammation of the joint lining without infection.
Scoliosis - Lateral curvature of the spine, often progressive.
Idiopathic Scoliosis - Unknown cause; typically diagnosed in school screenings.
Adams Forward Bending Test - Physical exam to assess spinal deformities.
X-rays for Scoliosis - Imaging used for diagnosis; includes multiple views.
Curvature Monitoring - Check every 6 months for 10-30 degrees.
Spinal Bracing - Used for curvatures ≥30 degrees in growing patients.
Surgical Correction - Indicated for curvatures ≥40-50 degrees.
Restrictive Lung Disease - Severe scoliosis complication affecting breathing.
Child Abuse - Nonaccidental trauma including neglect and maltreatment.
Nonaccidental Trauma (NAT) - Term for child abuse; includes various maltreatments.
Discordant History - Inconsistent injury history raises abuse suspicion.
Retinal Hemorrhages - Injury type suspicious for child abuse.
Bruising Patterns - Skin marks indicating potential abuse mechanisms.
Vague Injury History - Changing or unclear accounts suggest possible abuse.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) - Genetic disorder mimicking child abuse symptoms.
Blue Sclera - Classic sign of Osteogenesis Imperfecta.
Spiral Fractures - Fractures indicating potential abuse in non-walking children.
Bucket Handle Fractures - Metaphyseal injuries highly suggestive of abuse.
Posterior Rib Fractures - Specific injury indicating possible child abuse.
Treatments Exam With complete solution–Expert Verified |
Latest Questions 2025
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease - Avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
Avascular necrosis - Bone tissue death due to insufficient blood supply.
Painless limp - Common symptom in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.
SCFE - Slipped capital femoral epiphysis; painful hip condition.
Growth spurt - Period of rapid growth in children.
Bilateral SCFE - Occurs in 40%-50% of SCFE cases.
Dull hip pain - Common presentation in SCFE patients.
X-rays - Diagnostic imaging for hip conditions.
Cobb angle - Measurement for scoliosis severity; >10 degrees.
Scoliosis - Lateral curvature of the spine.
Hip abduction - Movement away from the midline of the body.
Petrie cast - Used for hip abduction in treatment.
Osteotomy - Surgical procedure to realign bones.
Joint contractures - Permanent tightening of muscles around joints.
Thigh muscle atrophy - Muscle wasting in the thigh region.
Endocrinopathies - Disorders of hormone-producing glands.
Hypothyroidism - Underactive thyroid condition affecting growth.
Chondrolysis - Degeneration of cartilage in joints.
AVN - Avascular necrosis; risk in SCFE.
Referred knee pain - Pain felt in the knee from hip issues.
, Stable SCFE - Condition where the patient can bear weight.
Unstable SCFE - Condition with restricted ROM and weight-bearing.
Septic joint - Infection in the joint cavity.
Toxic synovitis - Inflammation of the joint lining without infection.
Scoliosis - Lateral curvature of the spine, often progressive.
Idiopathic Scoliosis - Unknown cause; typically diagnosed in school screenings.
Adams Forward Bending Test - Physical exam to assess spinal deformities.
X-rays for Scoliosis - Imaging used for diagnosis; includes multiple views.
Curvature Monitoring - Check every 6 months for 10-30 degrees.
Spinal Bracing - Used for curvatures ≥30 degrees in growing patients.
Surgical Correction - Indicated for curvatures ≥40-50 degrees.
Restrictive Lung Disease - Severe scoliosis complication affecting breathing.
Child Abuse - Nonaccidental trauma including neglect and maltreatment.
Nonaccidental Trauma (NAT) - Term for child abuse; includes various maltreatments.
Discordant History - Inconsistent injury history raises abuse suspicion.
Retinal Hemorrhages - Injury type suspicious for child abuse.
Bruising Patterns - Skin marks indicating potential abuse mechanisms.
Vague Injury History - Changing or unclear accounts suggest possible abuse.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) - Genetic disorder mimicking child abuse symptoms.
Blue Sclera - Classic sign of Osteogenesis Imperfecta.
Spiral Fractures - Fractures indicating potential abuse in non-walking children.
Bucket Handle Fractures - Metaphyseal injuries highly suggestive of abuse.
Posterior Rib Fractures - Specific injury indicating possible child abuse.
