Key Clinical Concepts in Psychiatry and Pulmonary Medicine
Exam With complete solution–Expert Verified | Latest
Questions 2025
Atypical antipsychotics - Medications with fewer extrapyramidal side effects.
Haloperidol - Typical antipsychotic causing potential eye deviation.
Conduct disorder - Behavioral issues in youth; linked to antisocial personality.
Rett disorder - Neurodevelopmental disorder with regression and hand wringing.
Acute mania - Severe mood elevation requiring atypical antipsychotics.
Tardive dyskinesia - Involuntary movements from long-term antipsychotic use.
MAO inhibitors - Medications requiring avoidance of tyramine-rich foods.
PCP intoxication - Substance use causing violent behavior and nystagmus.
Depersonalization disorder - Feeling detached from oneself; often linked to trauma.
Hypoglycemia - Low blood sugar; no C-peptide elevation indicates exogenous insulin.
Asthma exacerbation treatment - B2-agonists and corticosteroids for immediate relief.
COPD exacerbation treatment - Bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics if
needed.
Interstitial lung disease - Characterized by restrictive PFTs and honeycomb pattern.
Silicosis - Increased risk for tuberculosis infection due to exposure.
Compliance - Lung's ability to expand; affected by pressure changes.
Chronic COPD treatment - Smoking cessation, long-term oxygen, and lung volume
surgery.
Acute dystonia - Muscle spasms treated with benztropine or diphenhydramine.
Corticosteroids - Used in asthma and COPD for inflammation control.
Weight gain - Common side effect of atypical antipsychotics.
, Honeycomb pattern - Radiographic finding in interstitial lung disease.
Sequelae of asbestos exposure - Includes pulmonary fibrosis and mesothelioma.
Right-to-left shunt - Cause of hypoxemia; bypasses lung oxygenation.
Pulmonary Edema - Classic chest radiographic findings include cardiomegaly.
DVT Risk Factors - Includes stasis, endothelial injury, hypercoagulability.
Acid-Base Disorder in PE - Respiratory alkalosis with hypoxia and + PaCO2.
Chest Radiography for PE - Look for Westermark sign and Hampton hump.
SVC Syndrome Treatment - Radiation and endovascular stenting are effective.
NSCLC and Hypercalcemia - Non-small cell lung cancer can cause elevated calcium.
Lung Cancer and SIADH - Certain lung cancers lead to inappropriate ADH secretion.
Lambert Eaton Syndrome - Associated with small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
Cigarette Exposure and Lung Cancer - Strong correlation between smoking and lung
cancer risk.
Isolated Pulmonary Nodule Carcinoma - Characteristics include size > 2 cm and
irregular margins.
Latent TB Tests - Tuberculin skin test or Interferon Gamma Release Assay.
Massive Hemoptysis Management - Secure airway, then bronchoscopy for bleeding
treatment.
Exudative Effusion Criteria - Pleural/serum protein > 0.5 or LDH > 0.6.
Causes of Exudative Effusion - Includes malignancy, TB, infections, and pancreatitis.
Causes of Transudative Effusion - Heart failure, liver disease, and protein-losing
enteropathy.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax - May regress spontaneously; supplemental O2 can help.
Tension Pneumothorax Treatment - Immediate needle thoracostomy followed by chest
tube.
Exam With complete solution–Expert Verified | Latest
Questions 2025
Atypical antipsychotics - Medications with fewer extrapyramidal side effects.
Haloperidol - Typical antipsychotic causing potential eye deviation.
Conduct disorder - Behavioral issues in youth; linked to antisocial personality.
Rett disorder - Neurodevelopmental disorder with regression and hand wringing.
Acute mania - Severe mood elevation requiring atypical antipsychotics.
Tardive dyskinesia - Involuntary movements from long-term antipsychotic use.
MAO inhibitors - Medications requiring avoidance of tyramine-rich foods.
PCP intoxication - Substance use causing violent behavior and nystagmus.
Depersonalization disorder - Feeling detached from oneself; often linked to trauma.
Hypoglycemia - Low blood sugar; no C-peptide elevation indicates exogenous insulin.
Asthma exacerbation treatment - B2-agonists and corticosteroids for immediate relief.
COPD exacerbation treatment - Bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics if
needed.
Interstitial lung disease - Characterized by restrictive PFTs and honeycomb pattern.
Silicosis - Increased risk for tuberculosis infection due to exposure.
Compliance - Lung's ability to expand; affected by pressure changes.
Chronic COPD treatment - Smoking cessation, long-term oxygen, and lung volume
surgery.
Acute dystonia - Muscle spasms treated with benztropine or diphenhydramine.
Corticosteroids - Used in asthma and COPD for inflammation control.
Weight gain - Common side effect of atypical antipsychotics.
, Honeycomb pattern - Radiographic finding in interstitial lung disease.
Sequelae of asbestos exposure - Includes pulmonary fibrosis and mesothelioma.
Right-to-left shunt - Cause of hypoxemia; bypasses lung oxygenation.
Pulmonary Edema - Classic chest radiographic findings include cardiomegaly.
DVT Risk Factors - Includes stasis, endothelial injury, hypercoagulability.
Acid-Base Disorder in PE - Respiratory alkalosis with hypoxia and + PaCO2.
Chest Radiography for PE - Look for Westermark sign and Hampton hump.
SVC Syndrome Treatment - Radiation and endovascular stenting are effective.
NSCLC and Hypercalcemia - Non-small cell lung cancer can cause elevated calcium.
Lung Cancer and SIADH - Certain lung cancers lead to inappropriate ADH secretion.
Lambert Eaton Syndrome - Associated with small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
Cigarette Exposure and Lung Cancer - Strong correlation between smoking and lung
cancer risk.
Isolated Pulmonary Nodule Carcinoma - Characteristics include size > 2 cm and
irregular margins.
Latent TB Tests - Tuberculin skin test or Interferon Gamma Release Assay.
Massive Hemoptysis Management - Secure airway, then bronchoscopy for bleeding
treatment.
Exudative Effusion Criteria - Pleural/serum protein > 0.5 or LDH > 0.6.
Causes of Exudative Effusion - Includes malignancy, TB, infections, and pancreatitis.
Causes of Transudative Effusion - Heart failure, liver disease, and protein-losing
enteropathy.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax - May regress spontaneously; supplemental O2 can help.
Tension Pneumothorax Treatment - Immediate needle thoracostomy followed by chest
tube.
