MCB2010 Exam 1 IRSC 2025 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Classifications of microbes - ANS bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and small
multicellular animals
bacteria & archaea - ANS prokaryotes, unicellular & lack nucleus, much smaller than
eukaryotes, found in moist environments & isolated extreme conditions, asexual repro, bacteria
has peptidoglycan cell wall while archaea does not
2 types of prokaryotes - ANS bacteria and archaea
fungi - ANS eukaryotic (membrane bound nucleus), obtain food from other organisms,
possess cell walls, and include: molds (multicellular; grow as long filaments; repro by sexual and
asexual spores) & yeasts (unicellular; repro asexually by budding and some produce sexual
spores)
molds - ANS fungi; multicellular; grow as long filaments; repro by asexual and sexual spores
yeasts - ANS fungi; unicellular; repro asexually by budding and some produce sexual spores
protozoa - ANS single-celled eukaryotes that lack a cell wall and are similar to animals in their
nutritional needs and structure, mostly asexual repro but some sexual, locomotion by
pseudopods, cilia, and flagella
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, pseudopods - ANS false feet, means of locomotion, flow in direction of travel
cila - ANS numerous short protrusions that propel organism
flagella - ANS extension of cell that are fewer, longer, and more whiplike than cilia
algae - ANS unicellular or multicellular, photosynthetic, simple repro structures, categorized
on basis of pigmentation and composition of cell wall
other organisms of importance - ANS parasites and viruses
three processes scientists thought living things arose from - ANS asexual, sexual, and non
living matter
who proposed that living things could arise from non living matter - ANS aristotle
redi's experiments - ANS allowed people to doubt aristotles theory because when decaying
meat kept from flies no maggots developed
needham's experiments - ANS scientists agreed large animals couldnt rise from spontaneity,
but believed microbes could; example with gravy and infusion of plant material reinforced this
idea
spallanzi's experiments - ANS contradicted needham, all living things arise from other living
things, needham failed to heat vials sufficiently to kill all microbes
pasteur's experiments - ANS performed with swan neck flasks, when flasks remained upright
no microbial growth appeared, but when it was tilted dust from bend in the neck would seep
2
into flask and made infusion cloudy with microbes within a day
Page
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
AND ANSWERS
Classifications of microbes - ANS bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and small
multicellular animals
bacteria & archaea - ANS prokaryotes, unicellular & lack nucleus, much smaller than
eukaryotes, found in moist environments & isolated extreme conditions, asexual repro, bacteria
has peptidoglycan cell wall while archaea does not
2 types of prokaryotes - ANS bacteria and archaea
fungi - ANS eukaryotic (membrane bound nucleus), obtain food from other organisms,
possess cell walls, and include: molds (multicellular; grow as long filaments; repro by sexual and
asexual spores) & yeasts (unicellular; repro asexually by budding and some produce sexual
spores)
molds - ANS fungi; multicellular; grow as long filaments; repro by asexual and sexual spores
yeasts - ANS fungi; unicellular; repro asexually by budding and some produce sexual spores
protozoa - ANS single-celled eukaryotes that lack a cell wall and are similar to animals in their
nutritional needs and structure, mostly asexual repro but some sexual, locomotion by
pseudopods, cilia, and flagella
1
Page
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
, pseudopods - ANS false feet, means of locomotion, flow in direction of travel
cila - ANS numerous short protrusions that propel organism
flagella - ANS extension of cell that are fewer, longer, and more whiplike than cilia
algae - ANS unicellular or multicellular, photosynthetic, simple repro structures, categorized
on basis of pigmentation and composition of cell wall
other organisms of importance - ANS parasites and viruses
three processes scientists thought living things arose from - ANS asexual, sexual, and non
living matter
who proposed that living things could arise from non living matter - ANS aristotle
redi's experiments - ANS allowed people to doubt aristotles theory because when decaying
meat kept from flies no maggots developed
needham's experiments - ANS scientists agreed large animals couldnt rise from spontaneity,
but believed microbes could; example with gravy and infusion of plant material reinforced this
idea
spallanzi's experiments - ANS contradicted needham, all living things arise from other living
things, needham failed to heat vials sufficiently to kill all microbes
pasteur's experiments - ANS performed with swan neck flasks, when flasks remained upright
no microbial growth appeared, but when it was tilted dust from bend in the neck would seep
2
into flask and made infusion cloudy with microbes within a day
Page
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
