TEST BANK Essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice (9TH) by Denise Polit Complete Guide All Chapters

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ESSENTIALS OF NURSING RESEARCH:
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jj APPRAISING EVIDENCE FOR NURSING
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PRACTICE9THEDITIONBYDENISE
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POLIT, CHERYL BECK
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TEST BANK y j j j j

,Test Bank For Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing
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Practice 9th Edition by Polit, Beck
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Table of Contents:
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Chapter 1 Introducing Nursing Research for Evidence-Based Practice
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Chapter 2 Understanding Key Concepts and Steps in Quantitative and Qualitative
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Research
Chapter 3 Reading and Critically Appraising Research Articles
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Chapter 4 Attending to Ethics in Research
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Chapter 5 Identifying Research Problems, Research Questions, and Hypotheses
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Chapter 6 Finding and Reviewing Research Evidence in the Literature
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Chapter 7 Understanding Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks
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Chapter 8 Appraising Quantitative Research Design
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Chapter 9 Appraising Sampling and Data Collection in Quantitative Studies
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Chapter 10 Appraising Qualitative Designs and Approaches
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Chapter 11 Appraising Sampling and Data Collection in Qualitative Studies
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Chapter 12 Understanding Mixed Methods Research, Quality Improvement, and Other
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Special Types of Research
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Chapter 13 Understanding Statistical Analysis of Quantitative Data
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Chapter 14 Interpreting Quantitative Findings and Evaluating Clinical Significance
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Chapter 15 Understanding the Analysis of Qualitative Data
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Chapter 16 Appraising Trustworthiness and Integrity in Qualitative Research
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Chapter 17 Learning From Systematic Reviews
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Chapter 18 Putting Research Evidence Into Practice: Evidence-Based Practice and
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Practice-Based Evidence jj

,CHAPTER 1: Introducing Nursing Research For Evidence-Based Practice
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Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 9th Edition by Polit, Beck
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1. Which of the following groups would be best served by the development of a scientific
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base for nursing practice?
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A) Nursing administrators jj


B) Practicing nurses jj


C) Nurses' clients j


D) Health care policymakers jj jj




Ans: C Fe jj jj


edback:
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Nursing research is systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence aboutyis
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sues of importance to nurses and their clients. Nurse leaders recognize the need to base sp
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ecific nursing decisions on evidence indicating that the decisions are clinically appropriat e,
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cost-
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effective, and result in positive clientyoutcomes. Although all of the people listed would b
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enefityfrom the development of a scientific base for nursing practice, ultimately it is the cl
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ients themselves who would most benefit, as they would then receive the most appropriat e
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and most effective care.
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2. An especially important goal for the nursing profession is to do which of the following?
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A) Conduct research to better understand the context of nursing practice j jj jj jj jj jj jj j jj


B) Establish a solid base of evidence for practice through disciplined research j jj jj jj j jj jj jj jj jj


C) Documentythe role nursing serves in society jj jj jj jj jj


D) Establish research priorities j j




Ans:B Fe j j


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Nurses are increasingly expected to understand andyundertake research and to base their p
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ractice on evidence from research. Evidence-
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based practice is the use of the bestyevidence in making patient care decisions and typicall y
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comes from research conducted by nurses and other health-
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care professionals. All of the other answers are possible goals for the nursing profession,
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butynone is as importantyas establishing evidence for practice.
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3. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the constructivist
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paradigm?
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A) A fixed reality exists in nature for humans to understand
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B) The nature of reality has changed over time j jj jj jj jj jj jj


C) Reality is multiply constructed and multiply interpreted by humans j jj jj jj j jj jj jj


D) Reality cannot be studied empirically jj jj j jj




Ans:C Fe j j


edback:
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In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that reality is not a fixedyentity but is rather a
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construction of human minds, and thus “truth” is a composite of multiple constructions of
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, reality. However, constructivists do believe that reality can be studied empirically.
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Belief in a fixed reality that exists in nature for humans to understand would be anexample of a positivist
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belief, notya constructivist one. The constructivist belief does notyhold so much that the nature of reality h as
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changed over time as that it has always been constructed by human minds.
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4. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the positivist
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paradigm?
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A) The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied
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B) The researcher cannotyinteract withythose beingystudied jj jj jj jj


C) The researcher instructs those being studied to be objective in providing
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information jj


D) The distance between the researcher and those being researched is minimized to
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enhance the interactive process
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Ans: A Fe jj jj


edback:
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In the positivist paradigm, it is assumed that there is an objective reality and that natural p
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henomena are regular and orderly. In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed thatyrealit y
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is notya fixed entity but is rather a construction of human minds, and thus “truth” is a co
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mposite of multiple constructions of reality.
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5. Which of the following attributes is least characteristic of the traditional scientific
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method?
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A) Control over external factors j j j


B) Systematic measurementyand observation of natural phenomena j j j j jj


C) Testing of hunches deduced from theory or prior research j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj


D) Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon, studied in a rich context jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj




Ans: D F jj jj


eedback
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Quantitative research (associated with positivism) involves the collection and analysis o f
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numeric information. Quantitative research is typically conducted within the traditiona l
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scientific method, which is systematic and controlled. Quantitative researchers base the ir
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findings on empirical evidence (evidence collected by way of the human senses) and s
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trive for generalizability beyond a single setting or situation.
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Constructivist researchers emphasize understandingyhuman experience asyit is lived through j j j j j j j jj


the collection and analysis of subjective, narrative materials using flexible procedures;
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this paradigm is associated with qualitative research.
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6. Empiricism refers to which of the following? jj jj jj jj jj jj


A) Making generalizations from specific observations j j j jj


B) Articulating a study purpose in terms of an appropriate classification system jj j jj jj jj jj jj jj jj jj


C) Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses j jj j jj jj j jj


D) Verifying the assumptions onywhich the study was based jj jj jj jj jj jj jj




Ans: CFeedback: jj




Empiricism is gathering and analyzing evidence through their senses. Quantitative resear
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