NUR 243 Pediatrics (Peds Final Exam) Questions With
Complete Solutions
3 Math Questions (Urinary Output, Maintenance Fluid and
Amount you give Correct Answer 1-2 mL/kg Output
100 x first 10 kgs
50 x second 10 kgs
20 x remainder kgs
-ADD for total
-Divide TOTAL by 24 = mL/hr (Fluid Input)
Acute Glomerulonephritis Correct Answer Post-strep
infection complication. Glomeruli become edematous. --
Swelling of glomeruli leads to decreased
efficiency of kidneys to filter. Typically affects School-aged
kids.
Sx:
-Sx appear about 2-3 weeks after strep infection (Do ASO titer
blood draw to confirm post infection of strep)
-GROSS HEMATURIA
-Dark, tea-colored urine
-proteinuria is EQUAL to amount of Hematuria. (Because Blood
carries Protein)
Management:
-Home Care
-Some may have HTN crisis and need to be hospitalized
Good Sign= INCREASED urinary output
,ADHD (Good understanding of it & Medications *What's going
to happen when you give stimulants to ADHD? They slow
down, don't eat as much, and they will lose weight so we will
worry about nutrition) Correct Answer A child has to meet the
diagnostic criteria to be diagnosed with ADHD
-Symptoms present between 4-18 yrs
-Manifestations occurs in more than one setting
-Evidence of social or academic impairment
Inattention, Hyperactivity, Impulsiveness
Meds:
Psychostimulant - increases dopamine and norepinephrine levels
----Dose gradually increased to reach therapeutic results
----Give 30 min prior to meal
----Monitor for insomnia (clonidine)
----Monitor for adverse effects - heart rate, GI, increased
hyperactivity
Asthma**** Can cause death & be very serious
(What kind of disease? Reversed- Trapped in the alveoli)
(The kid is running or playing and they start coughing and it
keeps getting worse (That's the attempt to get the air out)
(Exercised Induced Asthma) Correct Answer Asthma is a
chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that results in
intermittent and reversible airflow obstruction of the
bronchioles.
The obstruction occurs either by inflammation or airway hyper-
responsiveness.
,Assess airway patency, respiratory rate, symmetry, effort, and
use of accessory muscles.
Assess breath sounds in all lung fields.
Monitor for shortness of breath, dyspnea, and audible wheezing.
An absence of wheezing may indicate severe constriction of the
alveoli.
Bronchodilators (inhalers):
Short-acting beta2 agonists (albuterol, levalbuterol, terbutaline)
Used for acute exacerbations
Prevention of exercised-induced asthma
Status asthmaticus:
A life-threatening episode of airway obstruction that is often
unresponsive to common treatment
Manifestations include wheezing, labored breathing, nasal
flaring, lack of air movement in lungs, use of accessory muscles,
distended neck veins, and risk for cardiac and/or respiratory
arrest.
Burns (#1 IV & get fluid going #2 Treat Pain) Correct Answer
Emergent: Priorities:
First aid and initial care
Prevention of Shock/Respiratory distress
Wound Assessment and identification of injuries
Acute: Priorities:
Wound care & closure (burn eschar is nonviable -no blood
supply).
Prevention & treating complications.
Nutritional support.
, Pain management.
Ongoing systems assessment.
Chemotherapy Correct Answer Chemotherapy should be
prepared and administered only by specially trained personnel.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) in the form of double
gloves and nonpermeable gowns should be worn when preparing
or administering chemotherapy; if splashing is possible or a spill
occurs, then a face shield and/or mask may also be necessary.
All equipment used in chemotherapy preparation and
administration should be disposed of in a puncture-resistant
container (Chordas & Graham, 2010).
Adverse Effects:
Short term
-Immunosuppression, infection, myelosuppression, nausea,
vomiting, constipation, oral mucositis, alopecia, and pain
Long-term complications
-Microdontia and missing teeth; hearing and vision changes;
hematopoietic, immunologic, or gonadal dysfunction; endocrine
dysfunction; various alterations of the cardiorespiratory,
gastrointestinal, and genitourinary systems; development of a
second cancer as an adolescent or adult
Nutrition:
Determine body weight and length/height norm for age.
Determine child's food preferences and provide favorite foods as
allowed, including increased-calorie shakes/puddings.
Administer antiemetics as ordered.
Complete Solutions
3 Math Questions (Urinary Output, Maintenance Fluid and
Amount you give Correct Answer 1-2 mL/kg Output
100 x first 10 kgs
50 x second 10 kgs
20 x remainder kgs
-ADD for total
-Divide TOTAL by 24 = mL/hr (Fluid Input)
Acute Glomerulonephritis Correct Answer Post-strep
infection complication. Glomeruli become edematous. --
Swelling of glomeruli leads to decreased
efficiency of kidneys to filter. Typically affects School-aged
kids.
Sx:
-Sx appear about 2-3 weeks after strep infection (Do ASO titer
blood draw to confirm post infection of strep)
-GROSS HEMATURIA
-Dark, tea-colored urine
-proteinuria is EQUAL to amount of Hematuria. (Because Blood
carries Protein)
Management:
-Home Care
-Some may have HTN crisis and need to be hospitalized
Good Sign= INCREASED urinary output
,ADHD (Good understanding of it & Medications *What's going
to happen when you give stimulants to ADHD? They slow
down, don't eat as much, and they will lose weight so we will
worry about nutrition) Correct Answer A child has to meet the
diagnostic criteria to be diagnosed with ADHD
-Symptoms present between 4-18 yrs
-Manifestations occurs in more than one setting
-Evidence of social or academic impairment
Inattention, Hyperactivity, Impulsiveness
Meds:
Psychostimulant - increases dopamine and norepinephrine levels
----Dose gradually increased to reach therapeutic results
----Give 30 min prior to meal
----Monitor for insomnia (clonidine)
----Monitor for adverse effects - heart rate, GI, increased
hyperactivity
Asthma**** Can cause death & be very serious
(What kind of disease? Reversed- Trapped in the alveoli)
(The kid is running or playing and they start coughing and it
keeps getting worse (That's the attempt to get the air out)
(Exercised Induced Asthma) Correct Answer Asthma is a
chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that results in
intermittent and reversible airflow obstruction of the
bronchioles.
The obstruction occurs either by inflammation or airway hyper-
responsiveness.
,Assess airway patency, respiratory rate, symmetry, effort, and
use of accessory muscles.
Assess breath sounds in all lung fields.
Monitor for shortness of breath, dyspnea, and audible wheezing.
An absence of wheezing may indicate severe constriction of the
alveoli.
Bronchodilators (inhalers):
Short-acting beta2 agonists (albuterol, levalbuterol, terbutaline)
Used for acute exacerbations
Prevention of exercised-induced asthma
Status asthmaticus:
A life-threatening episode of airway obstruction that is often
unresponsive to common treatment
Manifestations include wheezing, labored breathing, nasal
flaring, lack of air movement in lungs, use of accessory muscles,
distended neck veins, and risk for cardiac and/or respiratory
arrest.
Burns (#1 IV & get fluid going #2 Treat Pain) Correct Answer
Emergent: Priorities:
First aid and initial care
Prevention of Shock/Respiratory distress
Wound Assessment and identification of injuries
Acute: Priorities:
Wound care & closure (burn eschar is nonviable -no blood
supply).
Prevention & treating complications.
Nutritional support.
, Pain management.
Ongoing systems assessment.
Chemotherapy Correct Answer Chemotherapy should be
prepared and administered only by specially trained personnel.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) in the form of double
gloves and nonpermeable gowns should be worn when preparing
or administering chemotherapy; if splashing is possible or a spill
occurs, then a face shield and/or mask may also be necessary.
All equipment used in chemotherapy preparation and
administration should be disposed of in a puncture-resistant
container (Chordas & Graham, 2010).
Adverse Effects:
Short term
-Immunosuppression, infection, myelosuppression, nausea,
vomiting, constipation, oral mucositis, alopecia, and pain
Long-term complications
-Microdontia and missing teeth; hearing and vision changes;
hematopoietic, immunologic, or gonadal dysfunction; endocrine
dysfunction; various alterations of the cardiorespiratory,
gastrointestinal, and genitourinary systems; development of a
second cancer as an adolescent or adult
Nutrition:
Determine body weight and length/height norm for age.
Determine child's food preferences and provide favorite foods as
allowed, including increased-calorie shakes/puddings.
Administer antiemetics as ordered.
