McCance and Huether’s, Pathophysiology:The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH EDITION
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION) Latest 2025/2026
McCance and Huether’s, Pathophysiology:The BiologicBasis
for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH EDITION
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY9TH EDITION) Latest 2025/2026
, McCance and Huether’s, Pathophysiology:The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH EDITION
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION) Latest 2025/2026
Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic
absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins. c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other
substances from t heir surroundings. The remaining options are not
inclusive in their descriptions of cell ular metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 2
2. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained
in the:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed
largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-
binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The
other options do not contain most of a cell’s genetic information.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 2
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (HNURSINGTB.COM
2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific
substrates in an oxidat ive reaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes
ANS: B
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that
use oxygen to re move hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an
oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and
potentially destructive if it accumulates or esca pes from peroxisomes.
,McCance and Huether’s, Pathophysiology:The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH EDITION
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION) Latest 2025/2026
Ribosomes are RNA-
protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
and secreted i nto the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope
called nuclear pore complexe
s. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi
complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases,
which catalyze bonds in proteins, li pids, nucleic acids, and
carbohydrates. Oxyhydrosomes are involved in enzyme produc tion.
, McCance and Huether’s, Pathophysiology:The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH EDITION
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION) Latest 2025/2026
PTS: 1 REF: Page 8
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cel l injury?
a. Ribosome c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi complex d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful
digestive en zymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing
their leakage into the cytopl asmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane
by various treatments or cellular injury lead s to a release of the
lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific subst rates,
causing cellular self-
digestion. The other options do not correctly describe this process.
PTS: 1 REF: Pages 7-8
5. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme
by the pancrea s cells from the initial transcription to the release from
the cell?
a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus,
proceeds to the ribo some for synthesis, and is transported in a
secretory vesicle to the cell membrane.
b. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus,
proceeds to the lyso some for synthesis, and is transported in an
encapsulated membrane to the cell me mbrane.
c. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus,
proceeds to the ribo some for synthesis, and is transported in a
cytoskeleton to the cell membrane.
d. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus,
proceeds to the Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a
cytosol to the cell membrane.
ANS: A
The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds
to the riboso me for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle
to the cell membrane. The o ther options do not correctly describe this
process.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS: 1 REF: Page 7 | Figure 1-5
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. M
ANS: B
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH EDITION
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION) Latest 2025/2026
McCance and Huether’s, Pathophysiology:The BiologicBasis
for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH EDITION
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY9TH EDITION) Latest 2025/2026
, McCance and Huether’s, Pathophysiology:The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH EDITION
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION) Latest 2025/2026
Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic
absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins. c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other
substances from t heir surroundings. The remaining options are not
inclusive in their descriptions of cell ular metabolic absorption.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 2
2. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained
in the:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed
largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-
binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The
other options do not contain most of a cell’s genetic information.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 2
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (HNURSINGTB.COM
2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific
substrates in an oxidat ive reaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes
ANS: B
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that
use oxygen to re move hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an
oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and
potentially destructive if it accumulates or esca pes from peroxisomes.
,McCance and Huether’s, Pathophysiology:The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH EDITION
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION) Latest 2025/2026
Ribosomes are RNA-
protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
and secreted i nto the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope
called nuclear pore complexe
s. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi
complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases,
which catalyze bonds in proteins, li pids, nucleic acids, and
carbohydrates. Oxyhydrosomes are involved in enzyme produc tion.
, McCance and Huether’s, Pathophysiology:The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 9TH EDITION
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION) Latest 2025/2026
PTS: 1 REF: Page 8
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cel l injury?
a. Ribosome c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi complex d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful
digestive en zymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing
their leakage into the cytopl asmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane
by various treatments or cellular injury lead s to a release of the
lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific subst rates,
causing cellular self-
digestion. The other options do not correctly describe this process.
PTS: 1 REF: Pages 7-8
5. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme
by the pancrea s cells from the initial transcription to the release from
the cell?
a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus,
proceeds to the ribo some for synthesis, and is transported in a
secretory vesicle to the cell membrane.
b. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus,
proceeds to the lyso some for synthesis, and is transported in an
encapsulated membrane to the cell me mbrane.
c. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus,
proceeds to the ribo some for synthesis, and is transported in a
cytoskeleton to the cell membrane.
d. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus,
proceeds to the Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a
cytosol to the cell membrane.
ANS: A
The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds
to the riboso me for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle
to the cell membrane. The o ther options do not correctly describe this
process.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS: 1 REF: Page 7 | Figure 1-5
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. M
ANS: B
