NURS 642 Exam 3 UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What are top diseases that cause death/disability in old - CORRECT ANSWER - CVA,
Cancer and CVD
Common chronic issues of old - CORRECT ANSWER - HTN, DM, CVD, arthritis,
hearing/sight loss
Primary goal of elderly and healthcare - CORRECT ANSWER - increase independence
and functionality/decrease death
Skin changes of elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - decrease sebaceous glands lead to dry
skin
decrease connective tissue leads to slow nail growth
Actinic vs sebborheic keratosis - CORRECT ANSWER - actinic= red solver papules on
areas exposed to sun
sebborheic= black dry superficial lesions with greasy appearance
Respiratory changes in old - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased chest expansion,
prominence of bony structures and muscle strength
stiff chest wall leads to decrease cough/aspiration PNA
increased use of accessory muscles
dry mucous membranes and decreased ciliary action
,Cardiac changes in old - CORRECT ANSWER - thick/rigid heart valves
decreased C.O
decreased elasticity
EKG changes in old - CORRECT ANSWER - afib, BBB, left vent hypertrophy due to
HTN, 1st degree heart block (precursor to clots)
Is HTN a normal part of aging - CORRECT ANSWER - No.
HEENT changes in old - CORRECT ANSWER - presbyopia by 45 (cant accommodate)
presbycusis by age 50 (cant hear high pitch)
decreased taste, smell, touch, light/dark adaption
thickened optic lens leads to decreased peripheral vision
GI changes in old - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased motility
increased pressure threshold of rectal distension leads to constipation and obstruction
gum recession
Liver in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - shrinks and cant detoxify drugs/etoh
, stomach in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased gastric emptying, mucosal
protection and elasticity
pancreas in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased lipase and protease
esophagus in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - sphincter loses tension -> aspiration
GU changes in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - menopause causes increase body fat/lipid
and cant thermoregulate
decreased urinary stream and incontinence
urinary retention
Stress vs urge incontinence causes - CORRECT ANSWER - stress due to urethral
incompetence
urge due to overactive detrusor muscle
Neuro changes in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased synthesis and metabolism of
neurotransmitters leads to decreased movement/DTR
increased personality traits
recent memory lost decreases before remote memory
decreased thermoregulation
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What are top diseases that cause death/disability in old - CORRECT ANSWER - CVA,
Cancer and CVD
Common chronic issues of old - CORRECT ANSWER - HTN, DM, CVD, arthritis,
hearing/sight loss
Primary goal of elderly and healthcare - CORRECT ANSWER - increase independence
and functionality/decrease death
Skin changes of elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - decrease sebaceous glands lead to dry
skin
decrease connective tissue leads to slow nail growth
Actinic vs sebborheic keratosis - CORRECT ANSWER - actinic= red solver papules on
areas exposed to sun
sebborheic= black dry superficial lesions with greasy appearance
Respiratory changes in old - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased chest expansion,
prominence of bony structures and muscle strength
stiff chest wall leads to decrease cough/aspiration PNA
increased use of accessory muscles
dry mucous membranes and decreased ciliary action
,Cardiac changes in old - CORRECT ANSWER - thick/rigid heart valves
decreased C.O
decreased elasticity
EKG changes in old - CORRECT ANSWER - afib, BBB, left vent hypertrophy due to
HTN, 1st degree heart block (precursor to clots)
Is HTN a normal part of aging - CORRECT ANSWER - No.
HEENT changes in old - CORRECT ANSWER - presbyopia by 45 (cant accommodate)
presbycusis by age 50 (cant hear high pitch)
decreased taste, smell, touch, light/dark adaption
thickened optic lens leads to decreased peripheral vision
GI changes in old - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased motility
increased pressure threshold of rectal distension leads to constipation and obstruction
gum recession
Liver in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - shrinks and cant detoxify drugs/etoh
, stomach in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased gastric emptying, mucosal
protection and elasticity
pancreas in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased lipase and protease
esophagus in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - sphincter loses tension -> aspiration
GU changes in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - menopause causes increase body fat/lipid
and cant thermoregulate
decreased urinary stream and incontinence
urinary retention
Stress vs urge incontinence causes - CORRECT ANSWER - stress due to urethral
incompetence
urge due to overactive detrusor muscle
Neuro changes in elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased synthesis and metabolism of
neurotransmitters leads to decreased movement/DTR
increased personality traits
recent memory lost decreases before remote memory
decreased thermoregulation
