NSG 535 Diagnostics Exam 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

NSG 535 Diagnostics Exam 1 QUESTIONS
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WITH ANSWERS |\




4 purposes of liver testing - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔detect
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presence of liver disease |\ |\ |\




distinguish different types of liver disorders |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




gauge extent of liver damage
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follow Tx response
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liver tests that reflect damage to hepatocytes - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔aminotransferases (AST, ALT) |\ |\ |\




enzyme primarily present in liver that is a specific indicator of
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liver cell damage; non-specific (can be elevated in any type of
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liver disorder) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ALT
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enzyme present in liver as well as cardiac muscle, skeletal
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muscle, kidneys, brain, pancreas, lungs, leukocytes, and RBCs
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that can mark liver injury - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔AST
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aminotransferase that tends to be higher in acute hepatocellular |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


damage - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ALT
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AST:ALTs suggestive, highly suggestive of alcoholic liver disease -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔> 2:1, > 3:1 |\ |\ |\ |\ |\

,marker of liver injury/cholestasis (seen in almost any type of liver
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disease) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ALP (alkaline phosphatase)
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ALP levels indicative of cholestatic liver disorder, infiltrative liver
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disease - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔>4 fold increase
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marker of liver injury and detoxification/excretory function -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔bilirubin |\ |\




test that determines total, conjugated (direct) bilirubin and
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unconjugated (indirect) bilirubin - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Van
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den Bergh assay
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normal bilirubin - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔<1-1.5 mg/dL
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protein synthesized exclusively by hepatocytes; NOT a good
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indicator of acute/mild hepatic dysfunction - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔albumin


exclusively synthesized in the liver; rapid turnover, thus single
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best acute measurement of hepatic synthetic function - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔coagulation factors
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marker of liver function; collectively measures coagulation factors
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II/V/VII/X - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔prothrombin time
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,factor that biosynthesis of many coagulation factors is dependent
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on - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Vitamin K
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3 liver-related causes of elevated PT - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔hepatitis
cirrhosis
vit K deficiency
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2 other liver tests for injury - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔GTT
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5'nucleotidase


common causes of AST/ALT elevation - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔viral hepatitis |\




NAFLD
ALD
autoimmune
genetic or metabolic |\ |\




drug/supplement induced |\




disorder that should be strongly considered in pts w/ mild
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AST/ALT elevations - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔NAFLD
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elevated lab to support Dx of alcoholism in addition to AST/ALT -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔GTT |\ |\

, genetic multi-organ disorder d/t autosomal recessive defect of
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HFE gene, causes excess deposition of iron --> elevated AST/ALT
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- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔hemochromatosis
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genetic disorder of biliary copper excretion - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Wilson's disease |\




drug classes that cause elevated AST/ALT - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔statins
antiepileptic meds |\




NSAIDs
herbal remedies |\




cocaine


lab elevated more than AST/ALT in cholestatic disease (biliary
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defect) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ALP|\ |\ |\ |\




mild elevation of AST/ALT - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔2x ULN
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moderate elevation of AST/ALT - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔up to
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15x ULN |\




severe elevation of AST/ALT - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔>15x ULN
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pancreatic enzyme that aids in hydrolysis of starch into sugar -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔amylase |\ |\