• Wrong document? Swap it for free
  • Written by students who passed
  • Immediately available after payment
  • Read online or as PDF
Sell
Where do you study
Your language
Document preview thumbnail
Preview 4 out of 249 pages
Exam (elaborations)

Portage Learning Pathophysiology NURS 231 BIOD 331 Final Exam Guide & Answers

Document preview thumbnail
Preview 4 out of 249 pages

Comprehensive study guide for the Portage Learning Pathophysiology NURS 231 / BIOD 331 Final Exam. Includes all modules (1–10), detailed question-and-answer explanations, clinical scenarios, nursing priorities, and evidence-based rationales. Ideal for nursing students preparing for exams or NCLEX review. Updated with the latest content and aligned with current best practices.

Content preview

1|Page



Portage Learning Pathophysiology NURS 231 BIOD
331 Final Exam & module 1-10 exams All Versions
Latest Update A grade




The alarm on the patient spent a leader is going off and indicating
a low-pressure alarm. Which of the following should the nurse
do first?
a) lower the head of bed and suction The patient
b) check for disconnected tubing
c) stat page the respiratory therapist
d) begin to ventilate the patient with the Ambu bag - . . ANSWER
✓✓ b) check for disconnected tubing


* lower the head of the bed instruction to patient with high-
pressure alarm. If cufflink or lack of spontaneous breathing then
page RT. If can't determine the cause then begin to ventilate
patient with Ambubag


The charge nurse in the intensive care unit is overseeing care for
a group of clients. The nurse is especially vigilant in
collaboration with the primary nurse and interprofessional team
in assessing for ARDS in which of these clients?
a) Client with acute kidney failure

,2|Page


b) Client with aspiration pneumonia
c) Client with atrial fibrillation
d) Client with DKA - . . ANSWER ✓✓ b) Client with aspiration
pneumonia


*Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome is characterized by
widespread inflammation in the lungs. Aspiration of acidic
gastric contents promotes inflammation and is a risk for ARDS.
*Clients with DKA may develop metabolic acidosis, but do not
typically ARDS, which develops as a result of lung injury. Atrial
fibrillation does not cause lung injury unless embolization
occurs. Acute kidney failure results in metabolic acidosis, not in
acute lung injury.


The client in the cardiac care unit has had a large myocardial
infarction. How does the nurse recognize onset of left ventricular
failure?
a) Expectoration of yellow sputum
b) Pedal edema
c) Urine output of 1500 mL on the preceding day
d) Crackles in the lung fields - . . ANSWER ✓✓ d) Crackles in the
lung fields


*Manifestations of left ventricular failure and pulmonary edema
are noted by listening for crackles and identifying their locations
in the lung fields.

,3|Page


*A urine output of 1500 mL is normal. Edema is a sign of right
ventricular heart failure. Yellow sputum indicates the presence
of white blood cells and possible infection.




"critical rescue" assessment criteria for patients experiencing
stroke/TBI to detect increased intracranial pressure and/or
hypertension - . . ANSWER ✓✓ *ABC's are priority (w/in 10
minutes); Neuro assessment , LOC/cognition, GCS, call rapid
response


Early signs:
-headache
-N/V
-blurry vision/visual disturbances
-SOB
-seizures (also late)
-chest pressure
-change LOC
Late:
-elevated BP
-bradycardia
-cerebral vasodilation
-seizures

, 4|Page


-cushings triad
-increased systolic, widened pulse pressure
-irregular resp


1. The student nurse studying shock understands that the
common manifestations of this condition are directly related to
which problems? (Select all that apply.)
a. Anaerobic metabolism
b. Hyperglycemia
c. Hypotension
d. Impaired renal perfusion
e. Increased perfusion - . . ANSWER ✓✓ a. Anaerobic
metabolism
c. Hypotension


The common manifestations of shock, no matter the cause, are
directly related to the effects of anaerobic
metabolism and hypotension. Hyperglycemia, impaired renal
function, and increased perfusion are not
manifestations of shock.


1) What is the formula for MAP?
2) What's the normal?
3) What is pts MAP that has BP of 120/80?

Document information

Uploaded on
August 30, 2025
Number of pages
249
Written in
2025/2026
Type
Exam (elaborations)
Contains
Questions & answers
$23.49

Wrong document? Swap it for free Within 14 days of purchase and before downloading, you can choose a different document. You can simply spend the amount again.
Written by students who passed
Immediately available after payment
Read online or as PDF

Seller avatar
Reputation scores are based on the amount of documents a seller has sold for a fee and the reviews they have received for those documents. There are three levels: Bronze, Silver and Gold. The better the reputation, the more your can rely on the quality of the sellers work.
PREPPERFECT
4.7
(3474)
Sold
451
Followers
60
Items
12855
Last sold
23 hours ago



Why students choose Stuvia

Created by fellow students, verified by reviews

Quality you can trust: written by students who passed their tests and reviewed by others who've used these notes.

Didn't get what you expected? Choose another document

No worries! You can instantly pick a different document that better fits what you're looking for.

Pay as you like, start learning right away

No subscription, no commitments. Pay the way you're used to via credit card and download your PDF document instantly.

Student with book image

“Bought, downloaded, and aced it. It really can be that simple.”

Alisha Student

Working on your references?

Create accurate citations in APA, MLA and Harvard with our free citation generator.

Working on your references?

Frequently asked questions