Biology HESI A2 Questions and Answers
| Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct &
Verified
Which macromolecule is primarily used for long-term energy storage in animals?
✔✔Lipids store energy and provide insulation.
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in a cell?
✔✔Ribosomes translate mRNA into amino acid chains.
What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?
✔✔The cell is the smallest unit capable of independent life.
Which process produces gametes with half the chromosome number?
✔✔Meiosis ensures genetic diversity in offspring.
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down cellular waste?
✔✔Lysosomes recycle macromolecules and damaged organelles.
1
,Which process moves water across a semipermeable membrane?
✔✔Osmosis balances solute concentrations in and out of cells.
Which molecule carries genetic instructions from DNA to ribosomes?
✔✔mRNA conveys the code for protein synthesis.
Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in DNA?
✔✔Thymine forms hydrogen bonds with adenine.
Which structure gives plant cells rigidity and shape?
✔✔The cell wall is composed mainly of cellulose.
Which organelle generates ATP through cellular respiration?
✔✔Mitochondria produce energy for the cell.
Which type of RNA transports amino acids to the ribosome?
✔✔tRNA delivers amino acids during translation.
2
, Which pigment is essential for photosynthesis in plants?
✔✔Chlorophyll absorbs light energy to produce glucose.
Which type of junction allows direct communication between adjacent cells?
✔✔Gap junctions permit passage of ions and small molecules.
Which cytoskeletal structure provides tracks for vesicle transport?
✔✔Microtubules assist in intracellular movement.
Which organelle is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins for export?
✔✔Golgi apparatus processes proteins and lipids.
Which organelle stores water, nutrients, and waste products in plant cells?
✔✔The central vacuole maintains turgor pressure.
Which process converts glucose into pyruvate in the cytoplasm?
✔✔Glycolysis generates ATP and pyruvate for cellular respiration.
3
| Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct &
Verified
Which macromolecule is primarily used for long-term energy storage in animals?
✔✔Lipids store energy and provide insulation.
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in a cell?
✔✔Ribosomes translate mRNA into amino acid chains.
What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?
✔✔The cell is the smallest unit capable of independent life.
Which process produces gametes with half the chromosome number?
✔✔Meiosis ensures genetic diversity in offspring.
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down cellular waste?
✔✔Lysosomes recycle macromolecules and damaged organelles.
1
,Which process moves water across a semipermeable membrane?
✔✔Osmosis balances solute concentrations in and out of cells.
Which molecule carries genetic instructions from DNA to ribosomes?
✔✔mRNA conveys the code for protein synthesis.
Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in DNA?
✔✔Thymine forms hydrogen bonds with adenine.
Which structure gives plant cells rigidity and shape?
✔✔The cell wall is composed mainly of cellulose.
Which organelle generates ATP through cellular respiration?
✔✔Mitochondria produce energy for the cell.
Which type of RNA transports amino acids to the ribosome?
✔✔tRNA delivers amino acids during translation.
2
, Which pigment is essential for photosynthesis in plants?
✔✔Chlorophyll absorbs light energy to produce glucose.
Which type of junction allows direct communication between adjacent cells?
✔✔Gap junctions permit passage of ions and small molecules.
Which cytoskeletal structure provides tracks for vesicle transport?
✔✔Microtubules assist in intracellular movement.
Which organelle is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins for export?
✔✔Golgi apparatus processes proteins and lipids.
Which organelle stores water, nutrients, and waste products in plant cells?
✔✔The central vacuole maintains turgor pressure.
Which process converts glucose into pyruvate in the cytoplasm?
✔✔Glycolysis generates ATP and pyruvate for cellular respiration.
3
