PSYC3402 Final Exam: PSYC3402 Final Exam Study Guide: Questions & Answers: Latest Updated A+ Guide Solution

What is Cressey's Fraud Triangle? (Ans- 1. Pressure: the need for committing fraud (e.g., a need for money) 2. Opportunity: the situation that enables fraud to occur (e.g., internal controls are weak or nonexistent) 3. Rationalization: the mindset of the fraudster that justifies the fraud (e.g., financial strain) The fraud triangle provides insights into the conditions under which fraud will take place. The fraud triangle also provides strategies for reducing the occurrence of fraud What are some of the criticisms of the fraud triangle? (AnsInadequate tool for deterring, preventing, detecting fraud. Parts of the triangle can't be observed (pressure and rationalization). Doesn't account for capability What is an example of the fraud triangle? (Ans- 1) Authoritative position or function within the organization, (2) capacity to understand and exploit accounting systems and internalcontrol weaknesses, (3) confidence that she/he will not be detected or if caught she/he will get out of it easily, and (4) capability to deal with the stress created within an otherwise good person when she commits bad acts. What kind of assessments can be done for EMCs? (AnsAssessment tools are not as common compared to tools for interpersonal crimes, such as sex offences. Various tools are available to assess risk for recidivism among offenders who commit EMCs. Some of these are unique to EMCs, whereas other assessment tools are more generic in nature What kind of work does the Virginia sentencing committee do? (AnsCreated assessment approach for property offenders and fraudsters. Assesses likelihood of re-offending. Classifies offenders based on relative risk of re-offending and used to determine who should remain incarcerated. Looks at items such as offender characteristics, prior arrest record, prior incarcerations, prior felony convictions. Some evidence of predictive validity - those with higher scores have been shown to be more likely to re-offendWhat kind of assessments can be done for the drug trade? (AnsLevel of Service Inventory - Revised (LSI-R; Andrews & Bonta, 1995). 54 item assessment tool: criminal history, education, employment, alcohol/drug use, emotional health, etc.For those in drug trade, shown to be effective in predicting whether offender will return to prison for similar drug trade offences.