BIOL 373L Final Exam || Questions and Answers.
List the special senses correct answers smell, taste, vision, hearing, equilibrium
What are somatic senses? correct answers tactile, thermal, pain and proprioceptive sensations
Somatic senses involve sensory receptor cells that...concentrated in sensory organs correct
answers are not
Somatic senses involve sensory receptor cells are... correct answers widely distributed in the
skin, muscles and joints
What diagnostic tool can be used to determine visual acuity? correct answers The Snellen Chart
What is visual acuity? correct answers the degree of detail the eye can distinguish
Which line on the Snellen chart represents the approximate visual acuity for the eye being
tested? correct answers The last line without mistakes
What does myopia mean? correct answers nearsightedness, defect in distance vision
What is hyperopia? correct answers farsightedness, defect in close vision
What is astigmatism? correct answers The blurring or distortion of the visual image caused by a
defective curvature of the refractive surfaces of the eye
What is the cause of "colour blindness" or defective colour perception? correct answers It is
caused by a deficiency in the retina's systems for converting red, blue, or green light into receptor
potentials by cones
,What test can be used to measure the perception of colour? correct answers Ichikawa vision test
What is the Ichikawa test? correct answers A color perception test requires one to concentrate on
a colored plate and immediately say the number which they see.
What is the most common type of "colour blindness"? correct answers Hereditary red-green
deficiency
What are the two classifications of red-green color blindness? correct answers Deutan and Protan
What is Deutan Color Blindness? correct answers an anomaly of the "M" cone such that the "M"
cone effectively receives too much red light and not enough green light; may experience
confusion between colors such as green and yellow, or blue and purple.
What is Protan Color Blindness? correct answers an anomaly of the "L" cones such that the "L"
cone does not receive enough red light, and receives too much green light; tends to see greens,
yellows, oranges, reds, and browns as being more similar shades of color than normal, especially
in low light
If you are able to read the small line of print on the Snellen chart, what would your level of
visual acuity be? correct answers 20/15
Are the taste buds uniformly distributed? correct answers Yes, the receptors that sense sweet,
salty, sour, bitter, and umami tastes are distributed all over the tongue; threshold sensitivity may
differ across the tongue, but the intensity of sensation does not.
What role does the olfactory sense play in tasting? correct answers Our sense of smell in
responsible for about 80% of what we taste. Without our sense of smell, our sense of taste is
limited to only five distinct sensations: sweet, salty, sour, bitter and "umami".
, Why are children sometimes advised to hold their noses while swallowing liquid? correct
answers When you swallow, the air is forced up your nasal passages, activating olfactory
receptor cells. Therefore, if they hold their noses, their sense of taste is impaired, less accurate,
and less intense.
Over the course of 30 seconds, does your perception of smell change? correct answers Yes, the
intensity of the scent/stimuli gradually decreases, but it is still present
When you remove the tube from under your nose, can you detect a change in olfactory
sensation? correct answers Yes, different olfactory receptor cells are activated when there is a
change in stimuli
The Rinne's test is used primarily to evaluate... correct answers loss of hearing in one ear
(conductive deafness).
If no damage or blockage in the middle ear, the sound will...during the Rinne test correct answers
reappear
What are the two ways a response of a sensory cell to prolonged stimulation can be classified?
correct answers Tonic or Phasic
Tonic correct answers slow-adapting sensors that produce a continuous sequence of action
potentials as long as the stimulus lasts.
Phasic correct answers rapidly-adapting receptors that detect a stimulus of constant strength and
send streams of action potentials of steadily -decreasing frequency to the central nervous system.
When do phasic receptor typically sense stimuli? correct answers When the stimuli is not
important to survival (e.g. olfactory sensations)
What is another term for sense of smell? correct answers olfaction
List the special senses correct answers smell, taste, vision, hearing, equilibrium
What are somatic senses? correct answers tactile, thermal, pain and proprioceptive sensations
Somatic senses involve sensory receptor cells that...concentrated in sensory organs correct
answers are not
Somatic senses involve sensory receptor cells are... correct answers widely distributed in the
skin, muscles and joints
What diagnostic tool can be used to determine visual acuity? correct answers The Snellen Chart
What is visual acuity? correct answers the degree of detail the eye can distinguish
Which line on the Snellen chart represents the approximate visual acuity for the eye being
tested? correct answers The last line without mistakes
What does myopia mean? correct answers nearsightedness, defect in distance vision
What is hyperopia? correct answers farsightedness, defect in close vision
What is astigmatism? correct answers The blurring or distortion of the visual image caused by a
defective curvature of the refractive surfaces of the eye
What is the cause of "colour blindness" or defective colour perception? correct answers It is
caused by a deficiency in the retina's systems for converting red, blue, or green light into receptor
potentials by cones
,What test can be used to measure the perception of colour? correct answers Ichikawa vision test
What is the Ichikawa test? correct answers A color perception test requires one to concentrate on
a colored plate and immediately say the number which they see.
What is the most common type of "colour blindness"? correct answers Hereditary red-green
deficiency
What are the two classifications of red-green color blindness? correct answers Deutan and Protan
What is Deutan Color Blindness? correct answers an anomaly of the "M" cone such that the "M"
cone effectively receives too much red light and not enough green light; may experience
confusion between colors such as green and yellow, or blue and purple.
What is Protan Color Blindness? correct answers an anomaly of the "L" cones such that the "L"
cone does not receive enough red light, and receives too much green light; tends to see greens,
yellows, oranges, reds, and browns as being more similar shades of color than normal, especially
in low light
If you are able to read the small line of print on the Snellen chart, what would your level of
visual acuity be? correct answers 20/15
Are the taste buds uniformly distributed? correct answers Yes, the receptors that sense sweet,
salty, sour, bitter, and umami tastes are distributed all over the tongue; threshold sensitivity may
differ across the tongue, but the intensity of sensation does not.
What role does the olfactory sense play in tasting? correct answers Our sense of smell in
responsible for about 80% of what we taste. Without our sense of smell, our sense of taste is
limited to only five distinct sensations: sweet, salty, sour, bitter and "umami".
, Why are children sometimes advised to hold their noses while swallowing liquid? correct
answers When you swallow, the air is forced up your nasal passages, activating olfactory
receptor cells. Therefore, if they hold their noses, their sense of taste is impaired, less accurate,
and less intense.
Over the course of 30 seconds, does your perception of smell change? correct answers Yes, the
intensity of the scent/stimuli gradually decreases, but it is still present
When you remove the tube from under your nose, can you detect a change in olfactory
sensation? correct answers Yes, different olfactory receptor cells are activated when there is a
change in stimuli
The Rinne's test is used primarily to evaluate... correct answers loss of hearing in one ear
(conductive deafness).
If no damage or blockage in the middle ear, the sound will...during the Rinne test correct answers
reappear
What are the two ways a response of a sensory cell to prolonged stimulation can be classified?
correct answers Tonic or Phasic
Tonic correct answers slow-adapting sensors that produce a continuous sequence of action
potentials as long as the stimulus lasts.
Phasic correct answers rapidly-adapting receptors that detect a stimulus of constant strength and
send streams of action potentials of steadily -decreasing frequency to the central nervous system.
When do phasic receptor typically sense stimuli? correct answers When the stimuli is not
important to survival (e.g. olfactory sensations)
What is another term for sense of smell? correct answers olfaction
