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Pathophysiology Exam 3 Practice Questions
and Answers with Complete Solutions
The nurse working in an outpatient nephrology clinic knows
that which of the following are primary functions of the
kidneys? (Select all that apply.)
A. Production of clotting factors
B. Homeostasis
C. Excretion of metabolic wastes
D. Regulation of acid-base balance
E. Metabolism of fats - ANSWER B, C, D
The kidneys do not metabolize fats.
Production of clotting factors is a primary function of the liver.
The kidneys maintain blood pressure using the RAAS and also
produce erythropoietin to stimulate RBC production.
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In caring for a patient diagnosed with acute kidney injury, the
nephrology nurse knows that which of the following tests are
specific for renal function? (Select all that apply.)
A. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
B. Blood urea nitrogen
C. Creatinine
D. Glomerular filtration rate
E. White blood cell count - ANSWER B, C, D
AST related to LIVER function
In caring for a patient with acute kidney injury the nurse knows
that the patient's renal function has returned to normal range
when the patient's GFR measures:
A. 30-40 mL/min
B. 40-50 mL/min
C. 70-90 mL/min
D. 90-120 mL/min - ANSWER D
Normal GFR is 90-120 mL/min
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Normal Creatinine 0.6-1.1 for females and 0.6-1.2 for males
Normal BUN is 10-20 mg/dL
*Be sure to know these normal values, you will use them daily
as a nurse
The nursing working in a geriatric living facility understands that
as patients age, which change in glomerular filtration rate is
expected?
A. Increased GFR
B. Decreased GFR
C. Same GFR
D. No GFR - ANSWER B
Aging and renal function:
Decrease in renal blood flow and GFR → altered sodium and
water balance
Number of nephrons decrease due to renal vascular and
perfusion changes
Response to acid-base changes is delayed
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Increased risk for drug toxicity
Alterations in thirst and water intake
Get dehydrated very easily; do not recognize thirst and heat
Decreased muscle mass may lead to decreased creatinine
values
An older patient is experiencing urinary stasis. The registered
nurse knows that urinary stasis may lead to which of the
following?
A. Increased GFR
B. Hypocoagulation
C. Hypertension
D. Infection - ANSWER D
Urinary stasis is a risk factor for developing UTI
Which of the following is classified as the most common
primary mineral salt composition of kidney stones?
A. Calcium
B. Struvite
Pathophysiology Exam 3 Practice Questions
and Answers with Complete Solutions
The nurse working in an outpatient nephrology clinic knows
that which of the following are primary functions of the
kidneys? (Select all that apply.)
A. Production of clotting factors
B. Homeostasis
C. Excretion of metabolic wastes
D. Regulation of acid-base balance
E. Metabolism of fats - ANSWER B, C, D
The kidneys do not metabolize fats.
Production of clotting factors is a primary function of the liver.
The kidneys maintain blood pressure using the RAAS and also
produce erythropoietin to stimulate RBC production.
,2|Page
In caring for a patient diagnosed with acute kidney injury, the
nephrology nurse knows that which of the following tests are
specific for renal function? (Select all that apply.)
A. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
B. Blood urea nitrogen
C. Creatinine
D. Glomerular filtration rate
E. White blood cell count - ANSWER B, C, D
AST related to LIVER function
In caring for a patient with acute kidney injury the nurse knows
that the patient's renal function has returned to normal range
when the patient's GFR measures:
A. 30-40 mL/min
B. 40-50 mL/min
C. 70-90 mL/min
D. 90-120 mL/min - ANSWER D
Normal GFR is 90-120 mL/min
,3|Page
Normal Creatinine 0.6-1.1 for females and 0.6-1.2 for males
Normal BUN is 10-20 mg/dL
*Be sure to know these normal values, you will use them daily
as a nurse
The nursing working in a geriatric living facility understands that
as patients age, which change in glomerular filtration rate is
expected?
A. Increased GFR
B. Decreased GFR
C. Same GFR
D. No GFR - ANSWER B
Aging and renal function:
Decrease in renal blood flow and GFR → altered sodium and
water balance
Number of nephrons decrease due to renal vascular and
perfusion changes
Response to acid-base changes is delayed
, 4|Page
Increased risk for drug toxicity
Alterations in thirst and water intake
Get dehydrated very easily; do not recognize thirst and heat
Decreased muscle mass may lead to decreased creatinine
values
An older patient is experiencing urinary stasis. The registered
nurse knows that urinary stasis may lead to which of the
following?
A. Increased GFR
B. Hypocoagulation
C. Hypertension
D. Infection - ANSWER D
Urinary stasis is a risk factor for developing UTI
Which of the following is classified as the most common
primary mineral salt composition of kidney stones?
A. Calcium
B. Struvite
