Chapter 3: Florida Laws Part 1- Overview, Prescriptive Authority, Board of Pharmacy, Definitions, and Licensure Final Exam and Actual Detailed Answers Edition.

Chapter 3: Florida Laws Part 1-
Overview, Prescriptive Authority,
Board of Pharmacy, Definitions, and
Licensure Final Exam and Actual
Detailed Answers 2025-2026 Edition.

Which of the following does NOT have INDEPENDENT prescriptive authority?

A. Allopathic physicians (M.D.)

B. Physician Assistants (PA)

C. Dentists (DMD)

D. Podiatrists (DPM)

E. Veterinarians (DVM) - Answer Which of the following does NOT have INDEPENDENT
prescriptive authority?

A. Allopathic physicians (M.D.)

*B. Physician Assistants (PA)*

C. Dentists (DMD)

D. Podiatrists (DPM)

E. Veterinarians (DVM)



Which of the following does NOT have INDEPENDENT prescriptive authority?

A. Osteopathic Physicians (D.O.)

B. Optometrists (OD)

C. Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRN)

D. Podiatrists (DPM)

E. Veterinarians (DVM) - Answer Which of the following does NOT have INDEPENDENT
prescriptive authority?

A. Osteopathic Physicians (D.O.)

B. Optometrists (OD)

*C. Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRN)*

D. Podiatrists (DPM)

E. Veterinarians (DVM)

,2. What can PAs NOT prescribe?

3. What are the restrictions on C-IIs?

4. What are the restrictions on medications that PAs can write orders for in the hospital setting?
- Answer 1. A supervising physician may delegate to a prescribing Physician Assistant only such
authorized medicinal drugs as are used in the supervising physician's practice.



2. Physician Assistants may not prescribe:

(1) Psychiatric mental health controlled substances for children younger than 18 years of age

(2) General, spinal, or epidural anesthetics

(3) Radiographic contrast materials

(4) Controlled substances may not be prescribed in a pain management clinic.



3. Controlled substance restrictions:

(1) Schedule II controlled substances are limited to a 7-day supply.

(2) Other restrictions on prescribing Schedule II opioids for pain are also applicable. See details
in Chapter 2



4. In a hospital practice, a Physician Assistant may write orders for any medication.



*Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs)-Dependent Prescriptive Authority*:

1. What drugs can they prescribe if under supervising physician?

2. What are the restrictions on C-IIs? Are there exceptions to this?

3. Can they prescribe controlled substances in a pain management clinic?

4. What about psychiatric mental health controlled substances? Age restrictions?

5. What is a psychiatric nurse defined as? Are they subject to the same strict days limits on C-
IIs? What about age restrictions? - Answer 1. May prescribe any drug based on a written
protocol from a supervising physician.



2. Schedule II controlled substances are limited to a 7-day supply. This limitation does not apply
to controlled substances that are psychiatric medication prescribed by psychiatric nurses (e.g.,
Adderall).



3. No, they may not prescribe controlled substances in a pain management clinic.

,5. Psychiatric nurses:

(1) A psychiatric nurse is defined as an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) licensed
under Statute 464.012 who has a Master's or Doctoral degree in psychiatric nursing, holds a
national advanced practice certification as a psychiatric mental health advanced practice nurse,
and has 2 years of post-master's clinical experience under the supervision of a physician.

(2) Not subject to the 7-day limitation for Schedule II controlled substances if the Schedule II
controlled substances are psychiatric medications.

(3) May prescribe psychiatric controlled substances to children younger than 18.



Certified Optometrists:

1. Do they have independent or dependent authority?

2. What can they prescribe? - Answer 1. Independent Authority but Limited Formulary



2. Certified optometrists may administer and prescribe ocular pharmaceutical agents from an
approved formulary for the diagnosis and treatment of ocular conditions of the human eye and
its appendages without the use of surgery or other invasive techniques.



What topical ocular agents are on the formulary that can be prescribed by certified
optometrists? - Answer 1. CYCLOPLEGIC AND MYDRIATICS

(a) Atropine sulfate-1% (solution and ointment)

(b) Phenylepherine HCI-2.5%

(c) Cyclopentolate HCI-0.5%, 1%

(d) Scopolamine HBr-0.25%

(e) Homatropine HBr-2%, 5%

(f) Tropicamide-0.5%, 1%

(g) Hydroxyamphetamine HBr-1% plus tropicamide-0.25%



2. LOCAL ANESTHETICS:

(a) Tetracaine-0.5%

(b) Proparacaine HCI-0.5%

(c) Benoxinate HCI-0.4% (in combination with fluorescein)



3. DIAGNOSTIC PRODUCTS:

, (b) Bacitracin-400 units/g, 500 units/g (ointment alone and in combination)

(c) Polymyxin-10,000 units/g (only in combination)

(d) Neomycin-1.75 mg/g, 1.75 mg/ml, 3.50 mg/g (only in combination)

(e) Gentamicin -0.3% (solution and ointment)

(f) Tobramycin-0.3% (solution and ointment in combination)

(g) Gramicidin-0.025 mg/ml (only in combination)

(h) Ciprofloxacin HCI-0.3% (solution and ointment)

(i) Trimethoprim-1 mg/ml (only in combination)

(j) Ofloxaxin-0.3%

(k) Levofloxacin-1.5%

(l) Gatifloxacin-0.5%

(m) Moxifloxacin-0.5%

(n) Sodium sulfacetamide-10% (alone and in combination)

(o) Azithromycin-1%

(p) Besifloxacin Ophthalmic Suspension-0.6%



5. NONSTEROIDAL AND STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS:

(a) Medrysone-1%

(b) Prednisolone acetate-0.12%, 0.125%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 1% (alone and in combination)

(c) Prednisolone sodium phosphate-0.125%, 0.25%, 1% (alone and in combination)

(d) Flurometholone-0.1%, 0.25% (suspension and ointment, alone and in combination)

(e) Dexamethasone-0.1%, 1% (alone and in combination)

(f) Dexamethasone sodium phosphate- 0.1% (solution and ointment)

(g) Fluorometholone acetate-0.1%

(h) Rimexolone-1%

(i) Loteprednol etabonate-0.2%, 0.5% (alone and in combination)

(j) Diclofenac sodium-0.1%

(k) Ketorolac tromethamine-0.5%

(I) Hydrocortisone -1% (only in combination)

(m) Bromfenac-0.09%

(n) Nepaf