C954 WGU INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
MANAGEMENT
3D printing - Answer -Builds—layer by layer in an additive process—a three-
dimensional solid object from a digital model.
acceptable use policy (AUP) - Answer -A policy that a user must agree to follow in
order to be provided access to a network or to the Internet.
access point (AP) - Answer -The computer or network device that serves as an
interface between devices and the network.
accessibility - Answer -Refers to the varying levels that define what a user can access,
view, or perform when operating a system.
accounting - Answer -Analyzes the transactional information of the business so the
owners and investors can make sound economic decisions.
accounting and finance ERP component - Answer -Manages accounting data and
financial processes within the enterprise with functions such as general ledger,
accounts payable, accounts receivable, budgeting, and asset management.
accounting department - Answer -Provides quantitative information about the finances
of the business including recording, measuring, and describing financial information.
active RFID tags - Answer -Have their own transmitter and a power source (typically a
battery).
adaptive computer device - Answer -Input devices designed for special applications for
use by people with different types of special needs.
administrator access - Answer -Unrestricted access to the entire system.
advanced encryption standard (AES) - Answer -Introduced by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST), AES is an encryption standard designed to keep
government information secure.
adware - Answer -Software that, although purporting to serve some useful function and
often fulfilling that function, also allows Internet advertisers to display advertisements
without the consent of the computer user.
affinity grouping analysis - Answer -Reveals the relationship between variables along
with the nature and frequency of the relationships.
,Agile BI - Answer -An approach to business intelligence (BI) that incorporates Agile
software development methodologies to accelerate and improve the outcomes of BI
initiatives.
agile methodology - Answer -Aims for customer satisfaction through early and
continuous delivery of useful software components developed by an iterative process
with a design point that uses the bare minimum requirements.
agile MIS infrastructure - Answer -Includes the hardware, software, and
telecommunications equipment that, when combined, provides the underlying
foundation to support the organization's goals.
algorithm - Answer -A mathematical formula placed in software that performs an
analysis on a data set.
ambient digital experience - Answer -A blend of the physical, virtual, and electronic
environments creating a real-time ambient environment that changes as the user moves
from one place to another.
analysis latency - Answer -The time from which data are made available to the time
when analysis is complete.
analysis paralysis - Answer -Occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of
over-analysis (or over-thinking) a situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in
effect paralyzing the outcome.
analysis phase - Answer -Analyzing end-user business requirements and refining
project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system.
analytical information - Answer -Encompasses all organizational information, and its
primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks.
analytics - Answer -The science of fact-based decision making.
anomoly detection - Answer -The process of identifying rare or unexpected items or
events in a data set that do not conform to other items in the data set.
anti-spam policy - Answer -States that email users will not send unsolicited emails (or
spam).
antivirus software - Answer -Scans and searches hard drives to prevent, detect, and
remove known viruses, adware, and spyware.
appliance - Answer -A computer dedicated to a single function, such as a calculator or
computer game.
,application programming interface (API) - Answer -A set of routines, protocols, and
tools for building software applications.
application service provider license - Answer -Specialty software paid for on a license
basis or per-use basis or usage-based licensing.
application software - Answer -Used for specific information processing needs,
including payroll, customer relationship management, project management, training,
and many others.
arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) - Answer -Performs all arithmetic operations (for example,
addition and subtraction) and all logic operations (such as sorting and comparing
numbers).
artificial intelligence (AI) - Answer -Simulates human intelligence such as the ability to
reason and learn.
As-Is process model - Answer -Represents the current state of the operation that has
been mapped, without any specific improvements or changes to existing processes.
asset - Answer -Anything owned that has value or earning power.
asset tracking - Answer -Occurs when a company places active or semipassive RFID
tags on expensive products or assets to gather data on the items' location with little or
no manual intervention.
asynchronous communication - Answer -Communication such as email in which the
message and the response do not occur at the same time.
attribute - Answer -The data elements associated with an entity.
augmented reality - Answer -The viewing of the physical world with computer-
generated layers of information added to it.
authentication - Answer -A method for confirming users' identities.
authorization - Answer -The process of providing a user with permission including
access levels and abilities such as file access, hours of access, and amount of allocated
storage space.
automatic vehicle location (AVL) - Answer -Uses GPS tracking to track vehicles.
autonomic computing - Answer -A self-managing computing model named after, and
patterned on, the human body's autonomic nervous system.
, autonomous agent - Answer -Software that carries out some set of operations on
behalf of a user or another program with some degree of independence or autonomy,
and employ some knowledge or representation of the user's goals or desires.
availability - Answer -Refers to the time frames when the system is operational.
backup - Answer -An exact copy of a system's information.
backward integration - Answer -Takes information entered into a given system and
sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes.
balance sheet - Answer -Gives an accounting picture of property owned by a company
and of claims against the property on a specific date.
balanced scorecard - Answer -A management system, in addition to a measurement
system, that enables organizations to clarify their vision and strategy and translate them
into action.
behavioral analytics - Answer -Uses data about people's behaviors to understand intent
and predict future actions.
benchmark - Answer -Baseline values the system seeks to attain.
benchmarking - Answer -The process of continuously measuring system results,
comparing those results to optimal system performance (benchmark values), and
identifying steps and procedures to improve system performance.
best practices - Answer -The most successful solutions or problem-solving methods
that have been developed by a specific organization or industry.
big data - Answer -A collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and
unstructured data, which cannot be analyzed using traditional database methods and
tools.
Big Data as a Service (BDaaS) - Answer -Offers a cloud-based Big Data service to help
organizations analyze massive amounts of data to solve business dilemmas.
biological 3D printing - Answer -Includes the printing of skin and organs and is
progressing from theory to reality, however, politicians and the public do not have a full
understanding of the implications.
biometrics - Answer -The identification of a user based on a physical characteristic,
such as a fingerprint, iris, face, voice, or handwriting.
blog - Answer -An online journal that allows users to post their own comments,
graphics, and video.
MANAGEMENT
3D printing - Answer -Builds—layer by layer in an additive process—a three-
dimensional solid object from a digital model.
acceptable use policy (AUP) - Answer -A policy that a user must agree to follow in
order to be provided access to a network or to the Internet.
access point (AP) - Answer -The computer or network device that serves as an
interface between devices and the network.
accessibility - Answer -Refers to the varying levels that define what a user can access,
view, or perform when operating a system.
accounting - Answer -Analyzes the transactional information of the business so the
owners and investors can make sound economic decisions.
accounting and finance ERP component - Answer -Manages accounting data and
financial processes within the enterprise with functions such as general ledger,
accounts payable, accounts receivable, budgeting, and asset management.
accounting department - Answer -Provides quantitative information about the finances
of the business including recording, measuring, and describing financial information.
active RFID tags - Answer -Have their own transmitter and a power source (typically a
battery).
adaptive computer device - Answer -Input devices designed for special applications for
use by people with different types of special needs.
administrator access - Answer -Unrestricted access to the entire system.
advanced encryption standard (AES) - Answer -Introduced by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST), AES is an encryption standard designed to keep
government information secure.
adware - Answer -Software that, although purporting to serve some useful function and
often fulfilling that function, also allows Internet advertisers to display advertisements
without the consent of the computer user.
affinity grouping analysis - Answer -Reveals the relationship between variables along
with the nature and frequency of the relationships.
,Agile BI - Answer -An approach to business intelligence (BI) that incorporates Agile
software development methodologies to accelerate and improve the outcomes of BI
initiatives.
agile methodology - Answer -Aims for customer satisfaction through early and
continuous delivery of useful software components developed by an iterative process
with a design point that uses the bare minimum requirements.
agile MIS infrastructure - Answer -Includes the hardware, software, and
telecommunications equipment that, when combined, provides the underlying
foundation to support the organization's goals.
algorithm - Answer -A mathematical formula placed in software that performs an
analysis on a data set.
ambient digital experience - Answer -A blend of the physical, virtual, and electronic
environments creating a real-time ambient environment that changes as the user moves
from one place to another.
analysis latency - Answer -The time from which data are made available to the time
when analysis is complete.
analysis paralysis - Answer -Occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of
over-analysis (or over-thinking) a situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in
effect paralyzing the outcome.
analysis phase - Answer -Analyzing end-user business requirements and refining
project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system.
analytical information - Answer -Encompasses all organizational information, and its
primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks.
analytics - Answer -The science of fact-based decision making.
anomoly detection - Answer -The process of identifying rare or unexpected items or
events in a data set that do not conform to other items in the data set.
anti-spam policy - Answer -States that email users will not send unsolicited emails (or
spam).
antivirus software - Answer -Scans and searches hard drives to prevent, detect, and
remove known viruses, adware, and spyware.
appliance - Answer -A computer dedicated to a single function, such as a calculator or
computer game.
,application programming interface (API) - Answer -A set of routines, protocols, and
tools for building software applications.
application service provider license - Answer -Specialty software paid for on a license
basis or per-use basis or usage-based licensing.
application software - Answer -Used for specific information processing needs,
including payroll, customer relationship management, project management, training,
and many others.
arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) - Answer -Performs all arithmetic operations (for example,
addition and subtraction) and all logic operations (such as sorting and comparing
numbers).
artificial intelligence (AI) - Answer -Simulates human intelligence such as the ability to
reason and learn.
As-Is process model - Answer -Represents the current state of the operation that has
been mapped, without any specific improvements or changes to existing processes.
asset - Answer -Anything owned that has value or earning power.
asset tracking - Answer -Occurs when a company places active or semipassive RFID
tags on expensive products or assets to gather data on the items' location with little or
no manual intervention.
asynchronous communication - Answer -Communication such as email in which the
message and the response do not occur at the same time.
attribute - Answer -The data elements associated with an entity.
augmented reality - Answer -The viewing of the physical world with computer-
generated layers of information added to it.
authentication - Answer -A method for confirming users' identities.
authorization - Answer -The process of providing a user with permission including
access levels and abilities such as file access, hours of access, and amount of allocated
storage space.
automatic vehicle location (AVL) - Answer -Uses GPS tracking to track vehicles.
autonomic computing - Answer -A self-managing computing model named after, and
patterned on, the human body's autonomic nervous system.
, autonomous agent - Answer -Software that carries out some set of operations on
behalf of a user or another program with some degree of independence or autonomy,
and employ some knowledge or representation of the user's goals or desires.
availability - Answer -Refers to the time frames when the system is operational.
backup - Answer -An exact copy of a system's information.
backward integration - Answer -Takes information entered into a given system and
sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes.
balance sheet - Answer -Gives an accounting picture of property owned by a company
and of claims against the property on a specific date.
balanced scorecard - Answer -A management system, in addition to a measurement
system, that enables organizations to clarify their vision and strategy and translate them
into action.
behavioral analytics - Answer -Uses data about people's behaviors to understand intent
and predict future actions.
benchmark - Answer -Baseline values the system seeks to attain.
benchmarking - Answer -The process of continuously measuring system results,
comparing those results to optimal system performance (benchmark values), and
identifying steps and procedures to improve system performance.
best practices - Answer -The most successful solutions or problem-solving methods
that have been developed by a specific organization or industry.
big data - Answer -A collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and
unstructured data, which cannot be analyzed using traditional database methods and
tools.
Big Data as a Service (BDaaS) - Answer -Offers a cloud-based Big Data service to help
organizations analyze massive amounts of data to solve business dilemmas.
biological 3D printing - Answer -Includes the printing of skin and organs and is
progressing from theory to reality, however, politicians and the public do not have a full
understanding of the implications.
biometrics - Answer -The identification of a user based on a physical characteristic,
such as a fingerprint, iris, face, voice, or handwriting.
blog - Answer -An online journal that allows users to post their own comments,
graphics, and video.
