Page | 1
, Chapter 1: Health Defined: Health Promotion, Prevention, and Protection MULTIP st st st st st st st st st
LE CHOICE st
1. How is disease defined? st st st
a. The failure of a person’s adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses adequately,
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resulting in functional or structural disturbances
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b. Disease and illness are components of a struggle for balance in the bodily systems
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c. The failure of a person’s bodily systems in responding to stresses, resulting in a hormonal
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
imbalance
d. The assault by stimuli and stress on the body’s core defence systems C
st st st st st st st st st st st st
ORRECT ANSWER: A st st
Disease may be defined as the failure of a person’s adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses a
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
dequately, resulting in functional or structural disturbances. This definition is an ecological concept of disea
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
se, which uses multiple factors to determine the cause of disease, rather than describing a single cause. Disea
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
se and illness are not synonymous.
st st st st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: Disease, Illness, and Health OBJ: 1 TOP: Assessment
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
st st st st
2. How can health be defined?
st st st st
a. As the absence of disease and illness
st st st st st st
b. As the person’s philosophy for living in harmony with their environment
st st st st st st st st st st
c. A state of physical, mental, and spiritual well-being
st st st st st st st
d. A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential and
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
is experienced within a developmental context. COR
st st st st st st
RECT ANSWER: D st st
Definitions of health have evolved as the nature of health and illness becomes better understood. Health is much
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
more than the absence of disease and illness. It is a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
realizes a person’s potential and is experienced within a developmental context.
st st st st st st st st st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Health and Wellness OBJ: 1 TOP: Assessment MSC: Heal
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
th Promotion and Maintenance
st st st
Page | 2
,3. The 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion document provides a blueprint for health promotion in Ca
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
nada. Which of the following statements is correct concerning this model?
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a. The focus is on environment and the ability to achieve health on a personal and societal level.
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
b. It depicts health promotion as the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve the
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ir health.
st
c. It provides a view of health promotion that is focused on people taking control of their own he
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
alth.
d. It is most closely aligned with a clinical model of health.
st st st st st st st st st st
CORRECT ANSWER: B st st
The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion provides a blueprint for health promotion in Canada. Within thi
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
s model, health promotion is depicted as the process of enabling people to increase control over and impr
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ove their health.
st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Health Promotion OBJ: 2 TOP: Assessment MSC: Health
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
Promotion and Maintenance st st
4. Which of the following is a tool used to measure quality of life?
st st st st st st st st st st st st
a. CDCQOL-BREF (from the Centers for Disease Control) st st st st st st
b. McGowan Quality of Life Questionnaire st st st st
c. WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization) st st st
d. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion st st st st st
CORRECT ANSWER: C st st
Multiple tools are available for measuring quality of life, including a general measure established by the Wor
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ld Health Organization Quality of Life, WHOQOL-
st st st st st st
BREF and the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire for use at the end of life. The Ottawa Charter for Health
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
Promotion provides a framework for health promotion, rather than measuring quality of life.
st st st st st st st st st st st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: Health Promotion OBJ: 2 TOP: Assessment MS
st st st st st st st st st st st st
C: Health Promotion and Maintenance
st st st st
5. Which of the following best describes a care recipient who has an illness?
st st st st st st st st st st st st
a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes st st st st
Page | 3
, b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia st st
c. Someone with a headache st st st
d. Someone with coronary artery disease without angina st st st st st st st
CORRECT ANSWER: C st st
Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of the subjective experi
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ence of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It can be described as a response characteri
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
zed by a mismatch between a person’s needs and the resources available to meet those needs. A person can h
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ave a disease without feeling ill. The other choices represent disease.
st st st st st st st st st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: Disease, Illness, and Health OBJ: 4 TOP: Assessment MSC:
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
Health Promotion and Maintenance
st st st
6. Which Canadian report is considered to be a landmark document in creating a global approach to he
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
alth?
a. Population Health Promotion Model st st st
b. Healthy People 2020 st st
c. Framework for Health Promotion in Canada st st st st st
d. World Health Organization Quality of Life
st st st st st st
CORRECT ANSWER: C st st
By the mid-1980s, Canada became a world leader in the formulation of health-
st st st st st st st st st st st st
promotion ideals and strategies, particularly with the unveiling of the Framework for Health Promotion in C
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
anada at the first World Health Organization (WHO) conference on health promotion in Ottawa. The overal
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
l goal of
st st
―achieving health for all‖ in this report identifies three health challenges: reducing inequities, increasing pre
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
vention, and enhancing coping. The three health-
st st st st st st
promotion mechanisms to address these challenges are self-
st st st st st st st
care, mutual aid, and healthy environments. The final component of the framework consists of three imple
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
mentation strategies: fostering public participation, strengthening community health services; and coordinat
st st st st st st st st st st
ing health public policy.
st st st
Healthy People 2020 is a US- st st st st st
based document to guide planning for health care. The WHO Quality of Life tool is a quality of life measure
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ment tool used by health care workers. The
st st st st st st st
Population Health Promotion Model was developed to provide an overall framework to guide health promoti
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
on by blending both health promotion and population health concepts.
st st st st st st st st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge)
st st st st
Page | 4
, Chapter 1: Health Defined: Health Promotion, Prevention, and Protection MULTIP st st st st st st st st st
LE CHOICE st
1. How is disease defined? st st st
a. The failure of a person’s adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses adequately,
st st st st st st st st st st st st
resulting in functional or structural disturbances
st st st st st
b. Disease and illness are components of a struggle for balance in the bodily systems
st st st st st st st st st st st st st
c. The failure of a person’s bodily systems in responding to stresses, resulting in a hormonal
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
imbalance
d. The assault by stimuli and stress on the body’s core defence systems C
st st st st st st st st st st st st
ORRECT ANSWER: A st st
Disease may be defined as the failure of a person’s adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses a
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
dequately, resulting in functional or structural disturbances. This definition is an ecological concept of disea
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
se, which uses multiple factors to determine the cause of disease, rather than describing a single cause. Disea
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
se and illness are not synonymous.
st st st st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: Disease, Illness, and Health OBJ: 1 TOP: Assessment
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
st st st st
2. How can health be defined?
st st st st
a. As the absence of disease and illness
st st st st st st
b. As the person’s philosophy for living in harmony with their environment
st st st st st st st st st st
c. A state of physical, mental, and spiritual well-being
st st st st st st st
d. A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential and
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
is experienced within a developmental context. COR
st st st st st st
RECT ANSWER: D st st
Definitions of health have evolved as the nature of health and illness becomes better understood. Health is much
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
more than the absence of disease and illness. It is a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
realizes a person’s potential and is experienced within a developmental context.
st st st st st st st st st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Health and Wellness OBJ: 1 TOP: Assessment MSC: Heal
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
th Promotion and Maintenance
st st st
Page | 2
,3. The 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion document provides a blueprint for health promotion in Ca
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
nada. Which of the following statements is correct concerning this model?
st st st st st st st st st st
a. The focus is on environment and the ability to achieve health on a personal and societal level.
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
b. It depicts health promotion as the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve the
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ir health.
st
c. It provides a view of health promotion that is focused on people taking control of their own he
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
alth.
d. It is most closely aligned with a clinical model of health.
st st st st st st st st st st
CORRECT ANSWER: B st st
The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion provides a blueprint for health promotion in Canada. Within thi
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
s model, health promotion is depicted as the process of enabling people to increase control over and impr
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ove their health.
st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Health Promotion OBJ: 2 TOP: Assessment MSC: Health
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
Promotion and Maintenance st st
4. Which of the following is a tool used to measure quality of life?
st st st st st st st st st st st st
a. CDCQOL-BREF (from the Centers for Disease Control) st st st st st st
b. McGowan Quality of Life Questionnaire st st st st
c. WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization) st st st
d. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion st st st st st
CORRECT ANSWER: C st st
Multiple tools are available for measuring quality of life, including a general measure established by the Wor
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ld Health Organization Quality of Life, WHOQOL-
st st st st st st
BREF and the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire for use at the end of life. The Ottawa Charter for Health
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
Promotion provides a framework for health promotion, rather than measuring quality of life.
st st st st st st st st st st st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: Health Promotion OBJ: 2 TOP: Assessment MS
st st st st st st st st st st st st
C: Health Promotion and Maintenance
st st st st
5. Which of the following best describes a care recipient who has an illness?
st st st st st st st st st st st st
a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes st st st st
Page | 3
, b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia st st
c. Someone with a headache st st st
d. Someone with coronary artery disease without angina st st st st st st st
CORRECT ANSWER: C st st
Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of the subjective experi
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ence of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It can be described as a response characteri
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
zed by a mismatch between a person’s needs and the resources available to meet those needs. A person can h
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ave a disease without feeling ill. The other choices represent disease.
st st st st st st st st st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: Disease, Illness, and Health OBJ: 4 TOP: Assessment MSC:
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
Health Promotion and Maintenance
st st st
6. Which Canadian report is considered to be a landmark document in creating a global approach to he
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
alth?
a. Population Health Promotion Model st st st
b. Healthy People 2020 st st
c. Framework for Health Promotion in Canada st st st st st
d. World Health Organization Quality of Life
st st st st st st
CORRECT ANSWER: C st st
By the mid-1980s, Canada became a world leader in the formulation of health-
st st st st st st st st st st st st
promotion ideals and strategies, particularly with the unveiling of the Framework for Health Promotion in C
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
anada at the first World Health Organization (WHO) conference on health promotion in Ottawa. The overal
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
l goal of
st st
―achieving health for all‖ in this report identifies three health challenges: reducing inequities, increasing pre
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
vention, and enhancing coping. The three health-
st st st st st st
promotion mechanisms to address these challenges are self-
st st st st st st st
care, mutual aid, and healthy environments. The final component of the framework consists of three imple
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
mentation strategies: fostering public participation, strengthening community health services; and coordinat
st st st st st st st st st st
ing health public policy.
st st st
Healthy People 2020 is a US- st st st st st
based document to guide planning for health care. The WHO Quality of Life tool is a quality of life measure
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
ment tool used by health care workers. The
st st st st st st st
Population Health Promotion Model was developed to provide an overall framework to guide health promoti
st st st st st st st st st st st st st st
on by blending both health promotion and population health concepts.
st st st st st st st st st
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge)
st st st st
Page | 4
