MSN 570 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL

MSN 570 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:
✪ 50 Questions and Answers
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks



1. Nephrotic syndrome is primarily characterized by:

A. Massive proteinuria due to glomerular damage
B. Hematuria without protein loss
C. Hypertension only
D. Leukocyturia

Answer: A
EXPLANATION: Nephrotic syndrome results from glomerular injury leading to massive
protein loss in urine. Corticosteroids are the mainstay treatment.



2. Which type of glomerular injury affects most (>50%) of the glomeruli?

A. Focal
B. Diffuse
C. Segmental
D. Global

Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Diffuse lesions involve the majority of glomeruli, while focal affects less
than 50%.



3. Lesions that affect an entire single glomerulus are termed:

, A. Segmental
B. Global
C. Focal
D. Diffuse

Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Global lesions involve the whole glomerulus, while segmental affects only
part of it.



4. Glomerulonephritis is best described as:

A. Non-inflammatory renal disorder
B. Inflammatory disorder of the glomeruli
C. Cancer of kidney tubule cells
D. Scar tissue of the nephrons

Answer: B
EXPLANATION: It involves inflammation due to immune complex deposition, activating
complement.



5. Nephritic syndrome is associated with:

A. Pure proteinuria
B. Oliguria, hematuria, and RBC casts
C. Hypertension only
D. Polycystic kidney disease

Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Nephritic syndrome features include hematuria, RBC casts, proteinuria,
oliguria, and hypertension.



6. Which structural descriptor refers to increased glomerular cells forming
crescents?

A. Necrotizing
B. Sclerosing
C. Proliferative
D. Diffuse