NSG 232 EXAM 2 MIDTERM SPECIAL PAPER 2025

Hazards for nurses - -Back injury's, radiation How many people do you need for log roll - -At least 2 Radiation management for nurses - -Lead vest, take turns exposing self, bundle cares Best position for respiratory expansion - -High Fowler 3 macronutrients - -lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates What helps tissue growth/ repair? - -Protein What do lipids do? - -Backup energy, protect organs, insulation What do carbohydrates do? - -Immediate source of energy, provide energy to the brain 2 micronutrients - -vitamins and minerals What does water do for the body? - -Transports substances in body, gives body structure, solvent, larger % of body weight Two forms of enteral nutrition - -NG tube and PEG What is a risk when inserting and NG tube - -Tube entering into the lungs / misplacement, aspiration Best way to check fir NG placement - -X ray Best position for NG insertation - -Fowler Where do you mark for NG placement - -Nose around ear to xiphoid process How to check to make sure GI system is working - -Listen for bowel sounds, check for risudal in stomach What do you do if pt isn't toleration feedings - -Check for obstruction After you admin medication through peg tube when do you attach suction - -30 min to 1 hour NSG 232 NSG 232 What do you use for nutrition for someone who can tolerate NG or PEG feedings - Total Paraentrial nutrition (IV nutrition, TPN) How is TPN administered? - -central line Risk for people with TPN - -Infection Why is infection a risk for people on TPN - -Large amount of glucose and bacteria in the area of central line Special diets for patients in hospital - -Clear liquid diet, purée, cardiac diet, kidney diet What is a cardiac diet - -low sodium, low fat, low cholesterol What is a Kidney diet - -Fluid restrictions Diabetic diet - -low sugar, low carbs When would someone need a high protein diet - -Wound healing What is an NPO diet? - -nothing by mouth What do we breathe in and what do we breathe out? - -O2 in Co2 out Normal respiratory rate - -12-20 breaths per minute Tachypnea - -rapid breathing; more then 20 apnea - -absence of breathing bradypnea - -slow breathing; less than 12 breaths per minute Kussmaul respirations - -very deep and rapid respirations Chain stokes breathing - -Combination of fast slow and stops What do avoili do - -Responsible for gas exchange What is the best way to assess for oxygen status - -Pulse ox atelectasis - -incomplete expansion of alveoli What is the best tool for atelectasis - -Incentive spirometer Best numbers for pulse ox - -90% or above in CO 95% at sea level NSG 232 NSG 232 NSG 232 nasal cannula - -1-6 L/min low flow, goes in nose and around the ears, breath through nose, someone in the 85% and above, non critical responsibility for patient with nasal cannula - -O2 status before and after, how many L pt is getting, assess that the change has been effective simple mask - -5-8 L/min, elastic strap that goes over mouth and nose and goes around head p, ventilation holes in mask for exhaustion Documentation for simple mask - -Document amount of L used, skin checks p, make sure mask is snug Non-rebreather mask - -Has a bag that has to be inflated before you attach the mask, all of the oxygen being delivered to the patient comes from the bag Documentation for non rebreather - -Skin breakdown, document changes in condition, how many liters Face tent mask - -High flow, open at the top claustrophobia or pediatric patients, nasal and oral nasal patients Face tent documentation - - Trach collar o2 - -Goes over trach, 5 liters or above, has to have humidifier Trach care - -Suctioning, cleaning inner cannula, sterile techniques, change gauze change Trach straps Trach care position - -45° or above What do you do before suctioning - -Hyperoxygenation How far do you go when you suction - -Stop when you feel resistance and pull back 1 cm How do you suction a tracheostomy? - -Apply intermittent suction in way out while twisting suction catheter How long do you suction / how long do you wait to suction again how many times can you suction - -10-15 seconds wait 1 min in between only suction 3 times NG insertion uses what technique - -Clean What position for NG insertion - -Hugh Fowlers NSG 232 NSG 232 What does the patient do while NG placement - -Sip on a straw, patient should be able to talk to you 6 rights of medication administration - -drug, dose, route, time, patient, documentation What are the most common patient identifiers - -Name and DOB What are other identifiers - -address, social security number, Medical radical number, facility number Goal of medication reconciliation - -Identifies discrepancies in medications, what someone is supposed to be getting vs what they a