1
APHY 101 &102 FINAL EXAM 2025 WITH 100% VERIFIED
QUESTION AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH GRADE A+
hypothermia - -answer--low body temperature; response - shivering involuntary skeletal muscle,
confusion, loss of reflexes and consciousness
hyperthermia - -answer--high body temperature; skin becomes dry, person gets weak, nausea
with headache, rapid pulse
hormone - -answer--chemical messengers; secreted into body fluids, mainly blood with specific
actions on target tissues that have specific receptors for it
paracrine gland - -answer--a secretion that enters interstitial fluid; acts on neighboring cells
autocrine gland - -answer--a secretion that only affects the secreting cell
endocrine gland - -answer--secretes hormones into the internal environment
exocrine glands - -answer--secretions enter tubes/ducts that lead to body surfaces.
hypothalamus - -answer--regulates pituitary gland secretion
steroid hormones - -answer--soluble in lipids (cholesterol); protein receptors, mRNA
tropic hormones - -answer--stimulate other endocrine glands to release hormones; released by
anterior pituitary gland via hypothalamus
, 2
glucagon - -answer--increase in blood glucose
insulin - -answer--promotes formation of glycogen; inhibits conversion of noncarbohydrates into
glucose; enhances movement of glucose through adipose and muscle cell membranes;
promotes transport of amino acids into cells
diabetes mellitus - -answer--Type 1 is when the pancreas cannot produce insulin (autoimmune);
Type 2 is non- insulin dependents
Rh factor and developing fetus - -answer--Rh negative mother + Rh positive baby = first
pregnancy okay; Rh positive blood enters mother and mother produces Rh anti-bodies; second
pregnancy may result in destruction of red blood cells in fetus; erythroblastosis fetalis
Blood type A - -answer--antigen: A; antibody: anti-B; receive type A or O; give to type A or AB
Blood type B - -answer--antigen: B; antibody: anti-A; receive type B or O; give to type B or AB
Blood type AB - -answer--antigens: A & B; antibody: neither; receive Type A, B, and O; give to
type AB only; universal recipient
Blood type O - -answer--antigens: neither; antibodies: both anit-A & anti-B; receive Type O only;
give to A, B, and O; universal donor
neutrophils - -answer--a leukocyte (WBC): most numerous, 54-62% of WBCs, first to arrive to
fight infections, elevated in bacterial infections, multi-lobed nucleus; granulocyte
eosinophils - -answer--a leukocyte (WBC): deep red granules in acid stain, bi-lobed nucleus, fight
allergic reactions and against parasitic worm infestations, 1-3% of WBCs; granulocyte
, 3
basophils - -answer--smallest % of leukocytes
monocytes - -answer--a leukocyte (WBC): largest of all blood cells, kidney/oval-shaped nuclei,
become macrophages, 3-9% of WBCs, phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, and other debris;
agranulocyte
lymphocytes - -answer--a leukocyte (WBC): slightly larger than RBCs, large spherical nucleus
surrounded by a thin rim of cytoplasm, T and B cells, B cells produce antibodies, 25-33% of
WBCs; agranulocyte
formed elements of blood - -answer--blood cells and platelets; RBCs - transport oxygen; WBCs -
fight infections; platelets - clot wounds
normal levels of RBC - -answer--RBCs are 45% of the blood.
serum - -answer--plasma - fibrinogen & clotting factors; fluid portion of coagulated blood.
plasma - -answer--liquid part of the blood in which cells and platelets are suspended; contains
fibrinogen
hematocrit - -answer--most blood samples = 45% red blood cells by volume; packed cell volume
hemostasis - -answer--to stop or control bleeding
blod clot formation - -answer--1. Blood vessel spasm - smooth muscle in blood vessel contracts
2. Platelet plug formation: vessel break, blood escapes, platelets stick to each other, vessel, and
collagen
APHY 101 &102 FINAL EXAM 2025 WITH 100% VERIFIED
QUESTION AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH GRADE A+
hypothermia - -answer--low body temperature; response - shivering involuntary skeletal muscle,
confusion, loss of reflexes and consciousness
hyperthermia - -answer--high body temperature; skin becomes dry, person gets weak, nausea
with headache, rapid pulse
hormone - -answer--chemical messengers; secreted into body fluids, mainly blood with specific
actions on target tissues that have specific receptors for it
paracrine gland - -answer--a secretion that enters interstitial fluid; acts on neighboring cells
autocrine gland - -answer--a secretion that only affects the secreting cell
endocrine gland - -answer--secretes hormones into the internal environment
exocrine glands - -answer--secretions enter tubes/ducts that lead to body surfaces.
hypothalamus - -answer--regulates pituitary gland secretion
steroid hormones - -answer--soluble in lipids (cholesterol); protein receptors, mRNA
tropic hormones - -answer--stimulate other endocrine glands to release hormones; released by
anterior pituitary gland via hypothalamus
, 2
glucagon - -answer--increase in blood glucose
insulin - -answer--promotes formation of glycogen; inhibits conversion of noncarbohydrates into
glucose; enhances movement of glucose through adipose and muscle cell membranes;
promotes transport of amino acids into cells
diabetes mellitus - -answer--Type 1 is when the pancreas cannot produce insulin (autoimmune);
Type 2 is non- insulin dependents
Rh factor and developing fetus - -answer--Rh negative mother + Rh positive baby = first
pregnancy okay; Rh positive blood enters mother and mother produces Rh anti-bodies; second
pregnancy may result in destruction of red blood cells in fetus; erythroblastosis fetalis
Blood type A - -answer--antigen: A; antibody: anti-B; receive type A or O; give to type A or AB
Blood type B - -answer--antigen: B; antibody: anti-A; receive type B or O; give to type B or AB
Blood type AB - -answer--antigens: A & B; antibody: neither; receive Type A, B, and O; give to
type AB only; universal recipient
Blood type O - -answer--antigens: neither; antibodies: both anit-A & anti-B; receive Type O only;
give to A, B, and O; universal donor
neutrophils - -answer--a leukocyte (WBC): most numerous, 54-62% of WBCs, first to arrive to
fight infections, elevated in bacterial infections, multi-lobed nucleus; granulocyte
eosinophils - -answer--a leukocyte (WBC): deep red granules in acid stain, bi-lobed nucleus, fight
allergic reactions and against parasitic worm infestations, 1-3% of WBCs; granulocyte
, 3
basophils - -answer--smallest % of leukocytes
monocytes - -answer--a leukocyte (WBC): largest of all blood cells, kidney/oval-shaped nuclei,
become macrophages, 3-9% of WBCs, phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, and other debris;
agranulocyte
lymphocytes - -answer--a leukocyte (WBC): slightly larger than RBCs, large spherical nucleus
surrounded by a thin rim of cytoplasm, T and B cells, B cells produce antibodies, 25-33% of
WBCs; agranulocyte
formed elements of blood - -answer--blood cells and platelets; RBCs - transport oxygen; WBCs -
fight infections; platelets - clot wounds
normal levels of RBC - -answer--RBCs are 45% of the blood.
serum - -answer--plasma - fibrinogen & clotting factors; fluid portion of coagulated blood.
plasma - -answer--liquid part of the blood in which cells and platelets are suspended; contains
fibrinogen
hematocrit - -answer--most blood samples = 45% red blood cells by volume; packed cell volume
hemostasis - -answer--to stop or control bleeding
blod clot formation - -answer--1. Blood vessel spasm - smooth muscle in blood vessel contracts
2. Platelet plug formation: vessel break, blood escapes, platelets stick to each other, vessel, and
collagen
