Nur 165 – Surgery Questions With Complete Solutions
Anesthesia Correct Answers • Anesthesia is an induced state
or partial or total loss of sensation, occurring with or without
loss of consciousness.
• Purpose is to block nerve impulse transmission, suppress
reflexes, promote muscle relaxation and in some cases achieve a
controlled level of unconsciousness
• Local or regional briefly disrupts sensory nerve impulse
transmission from a specific body area or region
• *Conscious Sedation is the IV delivery of sedative, hypnotic
and opioid drugs to reduce consciousness but allow the patient
to maintain a patent airway and respond to verbal commands.
used in procedural rooms or during short term surgery. A nurse
who has been trained can deliver this.
• Hypnosis or hypnoanesthesia is a passive trancelike state
• Cryothermia is the use of cold to reduce surface temperature
• Above methods (hypnosis, crothermia) not used often in
United States
• Sits at the head of the table during surgery
• Patient health is a major factor in selection of anesthesia
Cardiovascular System Correct Answers • Decreased
peripheral circulation
• Decreased cardiac output
• Increased blood pressure
Categories and Purpose of Surgery Correct Answers • Reasons
for Surgery, diagnostic, curative, restorative, palliative, cosmetic
• Urgency of Surgery, elective, urgent, emergent,
• Degree of Risk, minor, major
, • Extent of Surgery, simple, radical, minimally invasive
Clinical Considerations Correct Answers • Cardiovascular -
check for HTN
• Respiratory status - Clubbed fingers
• Renal - Kidney impairment decreases excretion of anesthetic
agents
• Neurologic/Musculoskeletal
• Nutritional - Surgery depletes K+, Vitamin C & Bs
and Psychosocial. Obese/Malnourished = slower wound healing
• Laboratory - Urinalysis, Type&Cross, CBC, PT/PTT, BMET,
Creatinine, HCG, ABG
• Imaging Assessment - ChestXray (to determine pneunomina,
TB), CT, MRI
• Other Diagnostic Assessment - EKG (if over ~45 and having
general anesthesia)
Common Types of Pre-operative Medication* Correct Answers
• Sedatives- Atarax, Vistaril
• Hypnotics- Lorazepam (Ativan)
• Anxiolytics- Versed
• Opioid analgesics-Morphine, Hydromorphone, Meperidine
• Anticholinergic agent- Atropine
• Others, Reglan, Cimetidine, Zantac
Complications from Anesthesia (General) Correct Answers •
Malignant Hyperthermia
• Overdose
• Unrecognized Hypoventilation
• Complications of Intubation
• Other; Post-0perative Delirium
Anesthesia Correct Answers • Anesthesia is an induced state
or partial or total loss of sensation, occurring with or without
loss of consciousness.
• Purpose is to block nerve impulse transmission, suppress
reflexes, promote muscle relaxation and in some cases achieve a
controlled level of unconsciousness
• Local or regional briefly disrupts sensory nerve impulse
transmission from a specific body area or region
• *Conscious Sedation is the IV delivery of sedative, hypnotic
and opioid drugs to reduce consciousness but allow the patient
to maintain a patent airway and respond to verbal commands.
used in procedural rooms or during short term surgery. A nurse
who has been trained can deliver this.
• Hypnosis or hypnoanesthesia is a passive trancelike state
• Cryothermia is the use of cold to reduce surface temperature
• Above methods (hypnosis, crothermia) not used often in
United States
• Sits at the head of the table during surgery
• Patient health is a major factor in selection of anesthesia
Cardiovascular System Correct Answers • Decreased
peripheral circulation
• Decreased cardiac output
• Increased blood pressure
Categories and Purpose of Surgery Correct Answers • Reasons
for Surgery, diagnostic, curative, restorative, palliative, cosmetic
• Urgency of Surgery, elective, urgent, emergent,
• Degree of Risk, minor, major
, • Extent of Surgery, simple, radical, minimally invasive
Clinical Considerations Correct Answers • Cardiovascular -
check for HTN
• Respiratory status - Clubbed fingers
• Renal - Kidney impairment decreases excretion of anesthetic
agents
• Neurologic/Musculoskeletal
• Nutritional - Surgery depletes K+, Vitamin C & Bs
and Psychosocial. Obese/Malnourished = slower wound healing
• Laboratory - Urinalysis, Type&Cross, CBC, PT/PTT, BMET,
Creatinine, HCG, ABG
• Imaging Assessment - ChestXray (to determine pneunomina,
TB), CT, MRI
• Other Diagnostic Assessment - EKG (if over ~45 and having
general anesthesia)
Common Types of Pre-operative Medication* Correct Answers
• Sedatives- Atarax, Vistaril
• Hypnotics- Lorazepam (Ativan)
• Anxiolytics- Versed
• Opioid analgesics-Morphine, Hydromorphone, Meperidine
• Anticholinergic agent- Atropine
• Others, Reglan, Cimetidine, Zantac
Complications from Anesthesia (General) Correct Answers •
Malignant Hyperthermia
• Overdose
• Unrecognized Hypoventilation
• Complications of Intubation
• Other; Post-0perative Delirium
