NUTR 2320 Topic 2 Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update 2025-2026
Uses of Fat in Food & the Body - Answers - stimulates appetite by adding taste, aroma, and
tenderness to food
- promotes satiety
- carries fat soluble vitamins
- provides essential fatty acids (EFAs)
- converted to other compounds like eicosanoids
- concentrated energy source
Lipolysis - Answers the process by which triglycerides are broken into glycerol and free fatty
acids
20 - 35% of calories - Answers What is the AMDR for fat?
Adult Linoleic = 12 -17gm (5-10%)
Adult Alpha-Linolenic = 1.1-1.6 gm (0.6-1.2%) - Answers What is the DRI and AMDR for adult
linoleic and adult alpha-linolenic acids?
atherosclerosis, inflammatory disorders, growth retardation, skin lesions, infertility, fatty liver,
polydipsia, and possibly altered immunity, ADHD, and depression - Answers What can a
deficieneny in EFAs cause?
- consuming a low-moderate fat intake (20-30%) calories EFAs
- limiting saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and trans fats
- emphasing monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and Omega-3s - Answers How can you
achieve health benefits of fats?
animal products, tropical oils - Answers Food sources of saturated fat:
commercially fried foods, margarine, shortening - Answers Food sources of trans fats:
marine animals, flax, canola, leafy greens - Answers Food sources of Omega-3s:
vegetable oils (seeds), fish - Answers Food sources of Omega-6s:
some plant oils (canola, peanut, olive, avocado) - Answers Food sources of MUFAs:
Cholesterol in Foods - Answers - in animal foods only
- concentrated in crustaceans, liver, and eggs
, - eggs, ~250 mg/each (also provides omega-3s, lecithin
- lower amounts in beef, chicken, pork, fish, cheese, dairy, products
Fat Substitutes in Processed Foods - Answers - mimics fat; can provide calories
- gums, celluloses, fiber, carrageen (0 cal/g)
- fake fats: olestra
- carb alcohols: sorbitol (<4 cal/g)
- starch & dextrins (4 cal/g)
- some fat substitutes may interfere with absorption of fat soluble nutrients
Carbon Chain Lengths - Answers - short chain fatty acids (SCFA) <6 C
- medium chain fatty acids (triglycerides) (MCFA) 6-12 C
- long chain fatty acids (LCFA) >12 C
- very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) >22 C
Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) - Answers - less than 6 carbons
- typically saturated
- improves colon health
- can be found in butter & milk
- examples: acetic, propionic, butyric, pentatonic
Medium Chain Fatty Acids (MCFA or MCT) - Answers - between 6 and 12 carbons
- aka medium chain triglycerides
- mostly synthetic lipid; naturally in milk, coconut, and palm oils
- are saturated fatty acids; short enough to be water soluble, digested fast, blood stream
transport
- are useful for fat malabsorption syndrome, catabolic states, cancer, and the ketogenic diet
- does not promote cancer or heart disease
Long Chain Fatty Acids (LCFA) - Answers - greater than 12 carbons
- this is what diet is mainly composed of
Uses of Fat in Food & the Body - Answers - stimulates appetite by adding taste, aroma, and
tenderness to food
- promotes satiety
- carries fat soluble vitamins
- provides essential fatty acids (EFAs)
- converted to other compounds like eicosanoids
- concentrated energy source
Lipolysis - Answers the process by which triglycerides are broken into glycerol and free fatty
acids
20 - 35% of calories - Answers What is the AMDR for fat?
Adult Linoleic = 12 -17gm (5-10%)
Adult Alpha-Linolenic = 1.1-1.6 gm (0.6-1.2%) - Answers What is the DRI and AMDR for adult
linoleic and adult alpha-linolenic acids?
atherosclerosis, inflammatory disorders, growth retardation, skin lesions, infertility, fatty liver,
polydipsia, and possibly altered immunity, ADHD, and depression - Answers What can a
deficieneny in EFAs cause?
- consuming a low-moderate fat intake (20-30%) calories EFAs
- limiting saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and trans fats
- emphasing monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and Omega-3s - Answers How can you
achieve health benefits of fats?
animal products, tropical oils - Answers Food sources of saturated fat:
commercially fried foods, margarine, shortening - Answers Food sources of trans fats:
marine animals, flax, canola, leafy greens - Answers Food sources of Omega-3s:
vegetable oils (seeds), fish - Answers Food sources of Omega-6s:
some plant oils (canola, peanut, olive, avocado) - Answers Food sources of MUFAs:
Cholesterol in Foods - Answers - in animal foods only
- concentrated in crustaceans, liver, and eggs
, - eggs, ~250 mg/each (also provides omega-3s, lecithin
- lower amounts in beef, chicken, pork, fish, cheese, dairy, products
Fat Substitutes in Processed Foods - Answers - mimics fat; can provide calories
- gums, celluloses, fiber, carrageen (0 cal/g)
- fake fats: olestra
- carb alcohols: sorbitol (<4 cal/g)
- starch & dextrins (4 cal/g)
- some fat substitutes may interfere with absorption of fat soluble nutrients
Carbon Chain Lengths - Answers - short chain fatty acids (SCFA) <6 C
- medium chain fatty acids (triglycerides) (MCFA) 6-12 C
- long chain fatty acids (LCFA) >12 C
- very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) >22 C
Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) - Answers - less than 6 carbons
- typically saturated
- improves colon health
- can be found in butter & milk
- examples: acetic, propionic, butyric, pentatonic
Medium Chain Fatty Acids (MCFA or MCT) - Answers - between 6 and 12 carbons
- aka medium chain triglycerides
- mostly synthetic lipid; naturally in milk, coconut, and palm oils
- are saturated fatty acids; short enough to be water soluble, digested fast, blood stream
transport
- are useful for fat malabsorption syndrome, catabolic states, cancer, and the ketogenic diet
- does not promote cancer or heart disease
Long Chain Fatty Acids (LCFA) - Answers - greater than 12 carbons
- this is what diet is mainly composed of
