ATI Infection – Antibiotic Notes
penicillins – weaken cell wall, bactericidal. ex: pen g, amoxicillin. allergy big concern
→ hives, rash, anaphylaxis. if allergic, order azithromycin instead.
cephalosporins – cell wall killers. ex: cephalexin, ceftriaxone. NO alcohol (disulfiram
rxn). IV site pain/warm = STOP infusion.
macrolides – ex: erythromycin, azithromycin. inhibit protein synthesis. risk QT
prolongation, dysrhythmias.
aminoglycosides – ex: gentamicin. ototoxic + nephrotoxic. ↑ risk with loop diuretics.
monitor bun/creat, hearing.
tetracyclines – ex: doxycycline. avoid in kids <8 or pregnancy. avoid dairy/antacids.
bloody diarrhea = c diff.
sulfonamides – ex: tmp-smx. risk stevens-johnson, crystalluria, photosensitivity. drink
lots water. warfarin interaction = bleeding.
fluoroquinolones – ex: cipro. tendon rupture risk esp with steroids. avoid dairy,
antacids.
carbapenems – ex: imipenem. broad spectrum, risk seizures, superinfection.
antimycobacterials – isoniazid + rifampin. inh → hepatotox, neuropathy (give b6).
rifampin → red/orange fluids, ↓ ocp effectiveness.
antivirals/antifungals – acyclovir caution if dehydrated. amphotericin b nephrotoxic.
itraconazole → report edema.
ati high-yield reminders:
penicillin allergy → azithromycin
cefotetan IV pain/swelling → STOP infusion
rifampin → backup birth control
cefotetan + alcohol → disulfiram rxn
gentamicin + loop diuretic → nephrotoxic
erythromycin → dysrhythmia risk
tmp-smx + warfarin → bleeding risk
ciprofloxacin + prednisone → tendon rupture
penicillins – weaken cell wall, bactericidal. ex: pen g, amoxicillin. allergy big concern
→ hives, rash, anaphylaxis. if allergic, order azithromycin instead.
cephalosporins – cell wall killers. ex: cephalexin, ceftriaxone. NO alcohol (disulfiram
rxn). IV site pain/warm = STOP infusion.
macrolides – ex: erythromycin, azithromycin. inhibit protein synthesis. risk QT
prolongation, dysrhythmias.
aminoglycosides – ex: gentamicin. ototoxic + nephrotoxic. ↑ risk with loop diuretics.
monitor bun/creat, hearing.
tetracyclines – ex: doxycycline. avoid in kids <8 or pregnancy. avoid dairy/antacids.
bloody diarrhea = c diff.
sulfonamides – ex: tmp-smx. risk stevens-johnson, crystalluria, photosensitivity. drink
lots water. warfarin interaction = bleeding.
fluoroquinolones – ex: cipro. tendon rupture risk esp with steroids. avoid dairy,
antacids.
carbapenems – ex: imipenem. broad spectrum, risk seizures, superinfection.
antimycobacterials – isoniazid + rifampin. inh → hepatotox, neuropathy (give b6).
rifampin → red/orange fluids, ↓ ocp effectiveness.
antivirals/antifungals – acyclovir caution if dehydrated. amphotericin b nephrotoxic.
itraconazole → report edema.
ati high-yield reminders:
penicillin allergy → azithromycin
cefotetan IV pain/swelling → STOP infusion
rifampin → backup birth control
cefotetan + alcohol → disulfiram rxn
gentamicin + loop diuretic → nephrotoxic
erythromycin → dysrhythmia risk
tmp-smx + warfarin → bleeding risk
ciprofloxacin + prednisone → tendon rupture
