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PN 1005 Pharmacology Midterm Questions and
Verified Answers
half-life
Ans: The time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to decrease to one
half the peak level ot previously achieved
Absorption
Ans: is what happens to a drug from the time it enters the body until it
enters the circulating fluid
active transport
Ans: Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane
against a concentration difference
chemotherapeutic agents
Ans: synthetic chemicals used to interfere with the functioning of foreign
cell populations; this term is frequently used to refer to the drug therapy of
neoplasms, but it also refers to drug therapy affecting any foreign cell
critical concentration
Ans: the concentration a drug must reach in the tissues that respond to the
particular drug to cause the desired therapeutic effect
Distribution
Ans: movement of a drug to body tissues; the places where a drug may be
distributed depend on the drug's solubility, perfusion of the area, cardiac
output, and binding of the drug to plasma proteins
enzyme induction
Ans: process by which the presence of a chemical that is biotransformed by
a particular enzyme system in the liver causes increased activity of that
enzyme system
Excretion
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Ans: removal of a drug from the body; primarily occurs in the kidneys, but
can also occur through the skin, lungs, bile, or feces
first-pass
Ans: phenomenon in which drugs given orally are carried directly to the
liver after absorption where they may be largely inactivated by the liver
enzymes before they can enter the general circulation
glomerular filtration
Ans: the passage of water and water-soluble components from the plasma
into the renal tubule
hepatic microsomal system
Ans: liver enzymes tightly packed together in the hepatic intracellular
structure, responsible for the biotransformation of chemicals, including
drugs
loading dose
Ans: use of a higher dose than what is usually used for treatment to allow
the drug to reach the critical concentration sooner
passive diffusion
Ans: movement of substances across a semipermeable membrane with the
concentration gradient; this process does not require energy
Pharmacodynamics
Ans: the study of the interactions between the chemical components of
living systems and the foreign chemicals including drugs that enter living
organisms
Pharmacogenomics
Ans: the study of genetically determined variations in the response to drugs
Pharmacokinetics
Ans: the way the body deals with a drug, including absorption, distribution,
biotransformation, and excretion
placebo effect
PN 1005 Pharmacology Midterm Questions and
Verified Answers
half-life
Ans: The time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to decrease to one
half the peak level ot previously achieved
Absorption
Ans: is what happens to a drug from the time it enters the body until it
enters the circulating fluid
active transport
Ans: Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane
against a concentration difference
chemotherapeutic agents
Ans: synthetic chemicals used to interfere with the functioning of foreign
cell populations; this term is frequently used to refer to the drug therapy of
neoplasms, but it also refers to drug therapy affecting any foreign cell
critical concentration
Ans: the concentration a drug must reach in the tissues that respond to the
particular drug to cause the desired therapeutic effect
Distribution
Ans: movement of a drug to body tissues; the places where a drug may be
distributed depend on the drug's solubility, perfusion of the area, cardiac
output, and binding of the drug to plasma proteins
enzyme induction
Ans: process by which the presence of a chemical that is biotransformed by
a particular enzyme system in the liver causes increased activity of that
enzyme system
Excretion
, Page | 2
Ans: removal of a drug from the body; primarily occurs in the kidneys, but
can also occur through the skin, lungs, bile, or feces
first-pass
Ans: phenomenon in which drugs given orally are carried directly to the
liver after absorption where they may be largely inactivated by the liver
enzymes before they can enter the general circulation
glomerular filtration
Ans: the passage of water and water-soluble components from the plasma
into the renal tubule
hepatic microsomal system
Ans: liver enzymes tightly packed together in the hepatic intracellular
structure, responsible for the biotransformation of chemicals, including
drugs
loading dose
Ans: use of a higher dose than what is usually used for treatment to allow
the drug to reach the critical concentration sooner
passive diffusion
Ans: movement of substances across a semipermeable membrane with the
concentration gradient; this process does not require energy
Pharmacodynamics
Ans: the study of the interactions between the chemical components of
living systems and the foreign chemicals including drugs that enter living
organisms
Pharmacogenomics
Ans: the study of genetically determined variations in the response to drugs
Pharmacokinetics
Ans: the way the body deals with a drug, including absorption, distribution,
biotransformation, and excretion
placebo effect
