Pharm Exam 1 Practice Exam 2025
With Questions and Answers 100%
Pass Solution
1. Which drugs will go through a pharmaceutic phase after it is
administered?
a. Intramuscular cephalosporins
b. Intravenous vasopressors
c. Oral analgesics
d. Subcutaneous antiglycemics - ANSWER>>ANS: C
When drugs are administered parenterally, there is no pharmaceutic
phase, which occurs when a drug becomes a solution that can cross the
biologic membrane.
2. The nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication and wants
to ensure a rapid drug action. Which form of the medication will the
nurse administer? a. Capsule b. Enteric-coated pill
c. Liquid suspension
d. Tablet - ANSWER>>ANS: C
Liquid drugs are already in solution, which is the form necessary for
absorption in the GI tract. The other forms
must disintegrate into small particles and then dissolve before being
absorbed.
3. The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with a
prescription for an enteric-coated tablet. Which statement by the patient
indicates understanding of the teaching?
a. I may crush the tablet and put it in applesauce to improve absorption. b. I
should consume acidic foods to enhance absorption of this medication. c. I
should expect a delay in onset of the drugs effects after taking the tablet. -
ANSWER>>ANS: C
Enteric-coated tablets resist disintegration in the acidic environment of the
stomach and disintegrate when they
reach the small intestine. There is usually some delay in onset of actions
after taking these medications. Enteric-coated tablets should not be
crushed or chewed, which would alter the time and location of absorption.
,Acidic foods will not enhance the absorption of the medication. The patient
should not to eat high-fat food before ingesting an enteric-coated tablet,
because high-fat foods decrease the absorption rate.
4. A patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks why
insulin must be given by
subcutaneous injection instead of by mouth. The nurse will explain that this
is because
a. absorption is diminished by the first-pass effects in the liver. b.
absorption is faster when insulin is given subcutaneously. c. digestive
enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract prevent absorption. d. the oral form is
less predictable with more adverse effects. - ANSWER>>ANS: C Insulin,
growth hormones, and other protein-based drugs are destroyed in the
small intestine by digestive
enzymes and must be given parenterally. Because insulin is destroyed by
digestive enzymes, it would not make
it to the liver for metabolism with a first-pass effect. Subcutaneous tissue
has fewer blood vessels, so
absorption is slower in such tissue. Insulin is given subcutaneously
because it is desirable to have it absorb slowly.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication that is
watersoluble. The nurse understands that this drug
a. must be taken on an empty stomach. b. requires active transport for
absorption. c. should be taken with fatty foods. d. will readily diffuse into the
gastrointestinal tract. - ANSWER>>ANS: B
Water-soluble drugs require a carrier enzyme or protein to pass through
the GI membrane.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an oral drug that is best absorbed
in
an acidic environment. How will the
nurse give the drug?
a. On an empty stomach
b. With a full glass of water
c. With food
d. With high-fat food - ANSWER >>ANS: C
,Food can stimulate the production of gastric acid so medications requiring
an acidic environment should be given with a meal. High-fat foods are
useful for drugs that are lipid soluble.
7. The nurse is preparing an injectable drug and wants to administer it
for rapid absorption. How will the nurse give this medication? a. IM into
the deltoid muscle
b. IM into the gluteal muscle
c. SubQ into abdominal tissue
d. SubQ into the upper arm - ANSWER>>ANS: A
Drugs given IM are absorbed faster in muscles that have more blood
vessels, such as the deltoid, rather than those with fewer blood vessels,
such as the gluteals. Subcutaneous routes
are used when absorption needs to be slower and more sustained.
8. The nurse is reviewing medication information with a nursing student
prior to administering an oral drug
and notes that the drug has extensive first-pass effects. Which statement
by the student indicates a need for
Test Bank - Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach
(9th Edition, 2017) 11 further teaching
about this medication?
a. The first-pass effect means the drug may be absorbed into systemic
circulation from the intestinal lumen. b. The first-pass effect means the drug
may be changed to an inactive form and excreted. c. The first-pass effect
means the drug may be changed to a metabolite, which may be more
active than the
original. d. The first-pass effect means the drug may be unchanged as it
passes through the liver. - ANSWER>>ANS: A
Drugs that undergo first-pass metabolism are absorbed into the portal vein
from the intestinal lumen and go
through the liver where they are either unchanged or are metabolized to an
inactive or a more active form.
9. The nurse prepares to change a patients medication from an intravenous
to an oral form and notes that the
oral form is ordered in a higher dose. The nurse understands that this is
due to differences in
, a. bioavailability. b. pinocytosis. c. protein binding. - ANSWER>>ANS: A
Oral drugs may have less bioavailability because a lower percentage of the
drug reaches the systemic
circulation. Pinocytosis refers to the process by which cells carry a solute
across a membrane. Protein binding
can occur with both routes. Tachyphylaxis describes a rapid decrease in
response to drugs that occurs when tolerance develops quickly.
10. The nurse is preparing to administer a drug and learns that it binds to
protein at a rate of 90%. The patients
serum albumin level is low. The nurse will observe the patient for a.
decreased drug absorption. - ANSWER>>ANS: D
Drugs that are highly protein-bound bind with albumin and other proteins,
leaving less free drug in circulation.
If a patient has a low albumin, the drug is not bound, and there is more free
drug to cause drug effects. There
would be increased absorption, increased interactions with other drugs,
and increased toxicity
11. The nurse is administering two drugs to a patient and learns that both
drugs are highly protein-bound. The nurse may expect
a. decreased bioavailability of both drugs. - ANSWER>>ANS: D
Two drugs that are highly protein-bound will compete for protein-
binding sites, leaving more free drug in
circulation and an increased risk of adverse
12. A patient has been taking a drug that has a protein-binding effect of
75%. The provider adds a new medication that has a protein-binding
effect of 90%. The nurse will expect a. decreased drug effects of the
first drug. b. decreased therapeutic range
of the first drug. c. increased drug effects of the first drug. d. increased
therapeutic range of the first drug. - ANSWER>>ANS: C
Adding another highly protein-bound drug will displace the first drug from
protein-binding sites and release
more free drug increasing the drugs effects. This does not alter
the therapeutic range, which is the serum level between drug
effectiveness and toxicity. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL:
Applying (Application)
With Questions and Answers 100%
Pass Solution
1. Which drugs will go through a pharmaceutic phase after it is
administered?
a. Intramuscular cephalosporins
b. Intravenous vasopressors
c. Oral analgesics
d. Subcutaneous antiglycemics - ANSWER>>ANS: C
When drugs are administered parenterally, there is no pharmaceutic
phase, which occurs when a drug becomes a solution that can cross the
biologic membrane.
2. The nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication and wants
to ensure a rapid drug action. Which form of the medication will the
nurse administer? a. Capsule b. Enteric-coated pill
c. Liquid suspension
d. Tablet - ANSWER>>ANS: C
Liquid drugs are already in solution, which is the form necessary for
absorption in the GI tract. The other forms
must disintegrate into small particles and then dissolve before being
absorbed.
3. The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with a
prescription for an enteric-coated tablet. Which statement by the patient
indicates understanding of the teaching?
a. I may crush the tablet and put it in applesauce to improve absorption. b. I
should consume acidic foods to enhance absorption of this medication. c. I
should expect a delay in onset of the drugs effects after taking the tablet. -
ANSWER>>ANS: C
Enteric-coated tablets resist disintegration in the acidic environment of the
stomach and disintegrate when they
reach the small intestine. There is usually some delay in onset of actions
after taking these medications. Enteric-coated tablets should not be
crushed or chewed, which would alter the time and location of absorption.
,Acidic foods will not enhance the absorption of the medication. The patient
should not to eat high-fat food before ingesting an enteric-coated tablet,
because high-fat foods decrease the absorption rate.
4. A patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks why
insulin must be given by
subcutaneous injection instead of by mouth. The nurse will explain that this
is because
a. absorption is diminished by the first-pass effects in the liver. b.
absorption is faster when insulin is given subcutaneously. c. digestive
enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract prevent absorption. d. the oral form is
less predictable with more adverse effects. - ANSWER>>ANS: C Insulin,
growth hormones, and other protein-based drugs are destroyed in the
small intestine by digestive
enzymes and must be given parenterally. Because insulin is destroyed by
digestive enzymes, it would not make
it to the liver for metabolism with a first-pass effect. Subcutaneous tissue
has fewer blood vessels, so
absorption is slower in such tissue. Insulin is given subcutaneously
because it is desirable to have it absorb slowly.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication that is
watersoluble. The nurse understands that this drug
a. must be taken on an empty stomach. b. requires active transport for
absorption. c. should be taken with fatty foods. d. will readily diffuse into the
gastrointestinal tract. - ANSWER>>ANS: B
Water-soluble drugs require a carrier enzyme or protein to pass through
the GI membrane.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an oral drug that is best absorbed
in
an acidic environment. How will the
nurse give the drug?
a. On an empty stomach
b. With a full glass of water
c. With food
d. With high-fat food - ANSWER >>ANS: C
,Food can stimulate the production of gastric acid so medications requiring
an acidic environment should be given with a meal. High-fat foods are
useful for drugs that are lipid soluble.
7. The nurse is preparing an injectable drug and wants to administer it
for rapid absorption. How will the nurse give this medication? a. IM into
the deltoid muscle
b. IM into the gluteal muscle
c. SubQ into abdominal tissue
d. SubQ into the upper arm - ANSWER>>ANS: A
Drugs given IM are absorbed faster in muscles that have more blood
vessels, such as the deltoid, rather than those with fewer blood vessels,
such as the gluteals. Subcutaneous routes
are used when absorption needs to be slower and more sustained.
8. The nurse is reviewing medication information with a nursing student
prior to administering an oral drug
and notes that the drug has extensive first-pass effects. Which statement
by the student indicates a need for
Test Bank - Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach
(9th Edition, 2017) 11 further teaching
about this medication?
a. The first-pass effect means the drug may be absorbed into systemic
circulation from the intestinal lumen. b. The first-pass effect means the drug
may be changed to an inactive form and excreted. c. The first-pass effect
means the drug may be changed to a metabolite, which may be more
active than the
original. d. The first-pass effect means the drug may be unchanged as it
passes through the liver. - ANSWER>>ANS: A
Drugs that undergo first-pass metabolism are absorbed into the portal vein
from the intestinal lumen and go
through the liver where they are either unchanged or are metabolized to an
inactive or a more active form.
9. The nurse prepares to change a patients medication from an intravenous
to an oral form and notes that the
oral form is ordered in a higher dose. The nurse understands that this is
due to differences in
, a. bioavailability. b. pinocytosis. c. protein binding. - ANSWER>>ANS: A
Oral drugs may have less bioavailability because a lower percentage of the
drug reaches the systemic
circulation. Pinocytosis refers to the process by which cells carry a solute
across a membrane. Protein binding
can occur with both routes. Tachyphylaxis describes a rapid decrease in
response to drugs that occurs when tolerance develops quickly.
10. The nurse is preparing to administer a drug and learns that it binds to
protein at a rate of 90%. The patients
serum albumin level is low. The nurse will observe the patient for a.
decreased drug absorption. - ANSWER>>ANS: D
Drugs that are highly protein-bound bind with albumin and other proteins,
leaving less free drug in circulation.
If a patient has a low albumin, the drug is not bound, and there is more free
drug to cause drug effects. There
would be increased absorption, increased interactions with other drugs,
and increased toxicity
11. The nurse is administering two drugs to a patient and learns that both
drugs are highly protein-bound. The nurse may expect
a. decreased bioavailability of both drugs. - ANSWER>>ANS: D
Two drugs that are highly protein-bound will compete for protein-
binding sites, leaving more free drug in
circulation and an increased risk of adverse
12. A patient has been taking a drug that has a protein-binding effect of
75%. The provider adds a new medication that has a protein-binding
effect of 90%. The nurse will expect a. decreased drug effects of the
first drug. b. decreased therapeutic range
of the first drug. c. increased drug effects of the first drug. d. increased
therapeutic range of the first drug. - ANSWER>>ANS: C
Adding another highly protein-bound drug will displace the first drug from
protein-binding sites and release
more free drug increasing the drugs effects. This does not alter
the therapeutic range, which is the serum level between drug
effectiveness and toxicity. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL:
Applying (Application)
