Biology 211 Midterm 1 || Questions and Correct Detailed Answers
Carbohydrates correct answers store energy, build structures, cell communication mono-, di-,
polysaccharides. monomer: monosaccharides. carbonyl group (C=O) and hydroxyl (OH). Has
different orientation for different sugars
Lipids correct answers energy storage, cell membrane, steroid hormones, cholesterol. Non polar
and hydrophobic
Proteins correct answers defend (anitbodies), contact (motor), catalyze, carry signals (growth
hormones), receive signals (growth factor receptors), form structures, transport materials (carrier
proteins: hemoglobin) monomers: amino acids
Nucleic Acids correct answers store genetic information (DNA), process genetic info (RNA),
monomers: nucleotides. polymers: nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)
polymer correct answers many monomers linked by covalent bonds
condensation correct answers build (remove water)
hydrolysis correct answers break (add water)
triglycerides correct answers three fatty acids and one glycerol
unsaturated correct answers double bond between carbon makes a kink, pack loosely (liquid)
saturated correct answers single bonds, pack tightly, solid
, steroids correct answers four ring structure and functional group (cholesterol, a part of the cell
membrane)
phospholipids correct answers hydrophilic (due to polar portions, phosphate group and glycerol)
head, hydrophobic tail (2 fatty acids), cell membrane
polypeptide correct answers amino acid chain linked by peptide bonds between carboxyl (C=O-
OH) and amino group (H3N+)
N-terminus correct answers ending amino group
C-terminus correct answers ending carboxyl group
residue correct answers aminoacid N-C-C
primary structure correct answers sequence of amino acids
secondary structure correct answers alpha helix and beta sheets (H-bonds)
tertiary structure correct answers 3-dimensional shape, how helices and sheets fit together. Non-
covalent: hydrophobic interactions, H-bonds, salt bridges. Covalent: disulfide bonds, 2 cystine
residues.
quaternary structure correct answers how 2 or more polypeptides join to make a functional
protein
3 Domains of Life correct answers Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
6 Kingdoms of Life correct answers Bacteria, Archaea, Protists, Plants, Animals and Fungi
Carbohydrates correct answers store energy, build structures, cell communication mono-, di-,
polysaccharides. monomer: monosaccharides. carbonyl group (C=O) and hydroxyl (OH). Has
different orientation for different sugars
Lipids correct answers energy storage, cell membrane, steroid hormones, cholesterol. Non polar
and hydrophobic
Proteins correct answers defend (anitbodies), contact (motor), catalyze, carry signals (growth
hormones), receive signals (growth factor receptors), form structures, transport materials (carrier
proteins: hemoglobin) monomers: amino acids
Nucleic Acids correct answers store genetic information (DNA), process genetic info (RNA),
monomers: nucleotides. polymers: nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)
polymer correct answers many monomers linked by covalent bonds
condensation correct answers build (remove water)
hydrolysis correct answers break (add water)
triglycerides correct answers three fatty acids and one glycerol
unsaturated correct answers double bond between carbon makes a kink, pack loosely (liquid)
saturated correct answers single bonds, pack tightly, solid
, steroids correct answers four ring structure and functional group (cholesterol, a part of the cell
membrane)
phospholipids correct answers hydrophilic (due to polar portions, phosphate group and glycerol)
head, hydrophobic tail (2 fatty acids), cell membrane
polypeptide correct answers amino acid chain linked by peptide bonds between carboxyl (C=O-
OH) and amino group (H3N+)
N-terminus correct answers ending amino group
C-terminus correct answers ending carboxyl group
residue correct answers aminoacid N-C-C
primary structure correct answers sequence of amino acids
secondary structure correct answers alpha helix and beta sheets (H-bonds)
tertiary structure correct answers 3-dimensional shape, how helices and sheets fit together. Non-
covalent: hydrophobic interactions, H-bonds, salt bridges. Covalent: disulfide bonds, 2 cystine
residues.
quaternary structure correct answers how 2 or more polypeptides join to make a functional
protein
3 Domains of Life correct answers Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
6 Kingdoms of Life correct answers Bacteria, Archaea, Protists, Plants, Animals and Fungi
