Saunders NCLEX RN NGN Exam | Complete
Questions and Correct Answers | Graded
A+ | Latest Version 2025 | Just Released
A client with portal-systemic encephalopathy is receiving oral lactulose
(Chronulac) daily. The nurse should check which item to determine the
effectiveness of this medication?
1-Lung sounds
2-Blood pressure
3-Blood ammonia level
4-Serum potassium level ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------3-Blood ammonia
level
Lactulose is a hyperosmotic laxative and ammonia detoxicant. It is used to
prevent or treat portal-systemic encephalopathy, including hepatic precoma
and coma. It also is used to treat constipation. The medication retains ammonia
in the colon (decreases the blood ammonia concentration), producing an
osmotic effect. It promotes increased peristalsis and bowel evacuation,
expelling ammonia from the colon. This medication has no effect on lung
sounds, the blood pressure, or the serum potassium level.
The nurse notes that a client is receiving lamivudine (Epivir). The nurse
determines that this medication has been prescribed to treat which condition?
,1-Pancreatitis
2-Pharyngitis
3-Tonic-clonic seizures
4-Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------4-
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and antiviral
medication. It slows HIV replication and reduces the progression of HIV
infection. It also is used to treat chronic hepatitis B and provide prophylaxis in
health care workers who are at risk of acquiring HIV infection after occupational
exposure to the virus. This medication is not used to treat the conditions
identified in options 1, 2, and 3.
A nurse notes that a client is taking lansoprazole (Prevacid). On assessment of the
client, the nurse should ask which question to determine the effectiveness of this
medication?
1-"Has your appetite increased?"
2-"Are you experiencing any heartburn?"
3-"Do you have any problems with vision?"
4-"Do you experience any leg pain when walking?" ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------
----------2-"Are you experiencing any heartburn?"
Lansoprazole is a gastric acid pump inhibitor that is used to treat gastric and
duodenal ulcers, erosive esophagitis, and hypersecretory conditions. It also is
used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It is not used to treat
problems with appetite, visual problems, or leg pain.
,A client who has been hospitalized with a paranoid disorder refuses to turn off
the lights in the room at night and states, "My roommate will steal me blind."
Which is the appropriate response by the nurse?
1-"Why do you believe this?"
2-"Tell me more about the details of your belief."
3-"I hear what you are saying, but I don't share your belief."
4-"If you want a pass for tomorrow evening's movie, you'd better turn that light
off this minute." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------3-"I hear what you are
saying, but I don't share your belief."
Paranoid beliefs are coping mechanisms used by the client and therefore are not
easily relinquished. It is important not to support the belief and not to ridicule,
argue, or criticize it. Option 1 places the client in a defensive position by asking
"why." Option 2 encourages the client to expound on the belief when discussion
should instead be limited. Option 4 threatens the client.
A client who has just received a diagnosis of asthma says to the nurse, "This
condition is just another nail in my coffin." Which response by the nurse is
therapeutic?
1-"Do you think that having asthma will kill you?"
2-"You seem very distressed over learning you have asthma."
3-"I'm not going to work with you if you can't view this as a challenge rather than
a 'nail in your coffin.'"
, 4-"Asthma is a very treatable condition. It is important to properly administer
your medications. Let's practice with your inhalant." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----
------------2-"You seem very distressed over learning you have asthma."
Clients who have learned that they have a chronic illness may exhibit denial,
anger, or sarcasm because of fear associated with the chronic illness. It is
important for the nurse to convey an accepting attitude to enhance mutual
respect and trust. Option 1 reflects and paraphrases the client's words but is
somewhat sarcastic. Option 3 is punitive in its approach, threatens the client,
and sarcastically quotes the client's words. Option 4 lectures the client and does
not deal directly with expressed concerns.
An older client is seen in the clinic for a physical examination. Laboratory studies
reveal that the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are low, indicating the need for
further diagnostic studies and a blood transfusion. The client is a Jehovah's
Witness and refuses to have a blood transfusion. The nurse should take which
most appropriate action?
1-Try to convince the client of the need for the transfusion.
2-Speak to the family regarding the need for a blood transfusion.
3-Support the client's decision not to receive a blood transfusion.
4-Discuss with the client the results of the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels
compared with normal levels. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------3-Support
the client's decision not to receive a blood transfusion.
A client's cultural and ethnic background influences the response to health,
illness, surgery, and death. Awareness of cultural differences enhances the
nurse's knowledge of how a health care experience may be perceived by the
client or family. In the Jehovah's Witness religion, the administration of blood
Questions and Correct Answers | Graded
A+ | Latest Version 2025 | Just Released
A client with portal-systemic encephalopathy is receiving oral lactulose
(Chronulac) daily. The nurse should check which item to determine the
effectiveness of this medication?
1-Lung sounds
2-Blood pressure
3-Blood ammonia level
4-Serum potassium level ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------3-Blood ammonia
level
Lactulose is a hyperosmotic laxative and ammonia detoxicant. It is used to
prevent or treat portal-systemic encephalopathy, including hepatic precoma
and coma. It also is used to treat constipation. The medication retains ammonia
in the colon (decreases the blood ammonia concentration), producing an
osmotic effect. It promotes increased peristalsis and bowel evacuation,
expelling ammonia from the colon. This medication has no effect on lung
sounds, the blood pressure, or the serum potassium level.
The nurse notes that a client is receiving lamivudine (Epivir). The nurse
determines that this medication has been prescribed to treat which condition?
,1-Pancreatitis
2-Pharyngitis
3-Tonic-clonic seizures
4-Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------4-
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and antiviral
medication. It slows HIV replication and reduces the progression of HIV
infection. It also is used to treat chronic hepatitis B and provide prophylaxis in
health care workers who are at risk of acquiring HIV infection after occupational
exposure to the virus. This medication is not used to treat the conditions
identified in options 1, 2, and 3.
A nurse notes that a client is taking lansoprazole (Prevacid). On assessment of the
client, the nurse should ask which question to determine the effectiveness of this
medication?
1-"Has your appetite increased?"
2-"Are you experiencing any heartburn?"
3-"Do you have any problems with vision?"
4-"Do you experience any leg pain when walking?" ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------
----------2-"Are you experiencing any heartburn?"
Lansoprazole is a gastric acid pump inhibitor that is used to treat gastric and
duodenal ulcers, erosive esophagitis, and hypersecretory conditions. It also is
used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It is not used to treat
problems with appetite, visual problems, or leg pain.
,A client who has been hospitalized with a paranoid disorder refuses to turn off
the lights in the room at night and states, "My roommate will steal me blind."
Which is the appropriate response by the nurse?
1-"Why do you believe this?"
2-"Tell me more about the details of your belief."
3-"I hear what you are saying, but I don't share your belief."
4-"If you want a pass for tomorrow evening's movie, you'd better turn that light
off this minute." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------3-"I hear what you are
saying, but I don't share your belief."
Paranoid beliefs are coping mechanisms used by the client and therefore are not
easily relinquished. It is important not to support the belief and not to ridicule,
argue, or criticize it. Option 1 places the client in a defensive position by asking
"why." Option 2 encourages the client to expound on the belief when discussion
should instead be limited. Option 4 threatens the client.
A client who has just received a diagnosis of asthma says to the nurse, "This
condition is just another nail in my coffin." Which response by the nurse is
therapeutic?
1-"Do you think that having asthma will kill you?"
2-"You seem very distressed over learning you have asthma."
3-"I'm not going to work with you if you can't view this as a challenge rather than
a 'nail in your coffin.'"
, 4-"Asthma is a very treatable condition. It is important to properly administer
your medications. Let's practice with your inhalant." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----
------------2-"You seem very distressed over learning you have asthma."
Clients who have learned that they have a chronic illness may exhibit denial,
anger, or sarcasm because of fear associated with the chronic illness. It is
important for the nurse to convey an accepting attitude to enhance mutual
respect and trust. Option 1 reflects and paraphrases the client's words but is
somewhat sarcastic. Option 3 is punitive in its approach, threatens the client,
and sarcastically quotes the client's words. Option 4 lectures the client and does
not deal directly with expressed concerns.
An older client is seen in the clinic for a physical examination. Laboratory studies
reveal that the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are low, indicating the need for
further diagnostic studies and a blood transfusion. The client is a Jehovah's
Witness and refuses to have a blood transfusion. The nurse should take which
most appropriate action?
1-Try to convince the client of the need for the transfusion.
2-Speak to the family regarding the need for a blood transfusion.
3-Support the client's decision not to receive a blood transfusion.
4-Discuss with the client the results of the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels
compared with normal levels. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------3-Support
the client's decision not to receive a blood transfusion.
A client's cultural and ethnic background influences the response to health,
illness, surgery, and death. Awareness of cultural differences enhances the
nurse's knowledge of how a health care experience may be perceived by the
client or family. In the Jehovah's Witness religion, the administration of blood
